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2004:6 Life Satisfaction: Family,Work, and Other Factors |
Dana Hamplová |
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This study examines the life satisfaction and happiness of Czech men and women as surveyed in the ISSP 2002. First, it summarises the discussion on how life satisfaction and happiness are understood in the social sciences, and whether and how it is possible to measure such things. The core part of the study involves processing qualitative data on satisfaction with life, family, and jobs in the Czech population, and the factors that influence satisfaction. Attention is devoted to basic socio-demographic factors (gender, age, education, marital status, cohabitation) and to the question of how much general satisfaction with life is influenced by family and work satisfaction. The results show that men and women do not differ with regard to how satisfied with their lives they are, but that satisfaction with life decreases as a person’s age increases. A significant factor in life satisfaction is marital status, or the type of living arrangement a person is in – married people and people living with a partner are on the whole more satisfied that others. The data also suggest that family is a stronger determinant of life satisfaction than work.
Keywords
Life satisfaction, happiness, determinants of life satisfaction
Summary
This study examines the life satisfaction and happiness of Czech men and women as surveyed in the ISSP 2002. First, it summarises the discussion on how life satisfaction and happiness are understood in the social sciences, and whether and how it is possible to measure such things. The core part of the study involves processing qualitative data on satisfaction with life, family, and jobs in the Czech population, and the factors that influence satisfaction. Attention is devoted to basic socio-demographic factors (gender, age, education, marital status, cohabitation) and to the question of how much general satisfaction with life is influenced by family and work satisfaction.
The analysis was conducted using regressive models in which the explanatory variable was general life satisfaction. Gender did not have a significant influence on life satisfaction, and men and women are roughly equally satisfied with their lives. Linear and quadratic expressions of age were used to test whether life satisfaction increases into middle age and then begins to decline. The results showed that as a person ages, satisfaction with life decreases, and that this relationship is linear, thus the older a person is the less satisfied they are with their life. With regard to education there are differences between educational groups, as people with elementary education are on average less satisfied with their lives than people with higher levels education (the differences equal approximately 0.20 of a point).
A connection was also detected between life satisfaction and marital status, cohabitation, or the living arrangement a person is in. In a comparison of the influence of marital status or education, marital status proved to be a stronger determinant of life satisfaction than education. Women are most satisfied in a marriage and least satisfied when they live alone. Men are also least satisfied when they live alone, but unlike women marital status is not important; what is relevant is whether they are living with a partner or not. General life satisfaction is also influenced by how satisfied people are with their family life, and it was found that marriage influences general life satisfaction positively only in the case where people are satisfied with their family life.
Finally, the study also analysed the relationship between life satisfaction, family satisfaction, and work satisfaction. In this case, data on respondents who were working at the time of the survey were used. The analysis revealed that work satisfaction is less important than a person’s satisfaction with their personal life. It was expected that work would have a stronger influence on men’s satisfaction than on women’s, and that this influence would be even stronger among people with higher levels of education, but this hypothesis was not confirmed.
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Životní spokojenost: rodina, práce a další faktory |
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