» Research » Pollution of Surface- and Groundwater and Atmospheric Deposition

Pollution of Surface- and Groundwater and Atmospheric Deposition

Main research domains

  • Monitoring, experimental and theoretical research of the natural environment especially from the hydrological and ecological point of view. For these purposes the experimental base Nový Dvůr in the Šumava Mts was created. Due to very valuable and long-term data sets and good instrumentation of several watersheds this experimental base was involved into the ERB (Euromediterranean Network of Experimental and Representative Basins).
  • Evaluation of the water balance of the watersheds with special attention to the water in the soil profile under unsaturated conditions.
  • Assessment of the atmospheric deposition from both quantitative and qualitative viewpoints. Special attention is paid to occult precipitation.
  • Mathematical simulation of the transport of water and transport and transformation of pollutants in the soil profile under the unsaturated conditions.
  • Mathematical modelling of the water transport in the unsaturated zone
  • Samples collection and chemical analysis of cloud and fog events
  • Monitoring of the atmospheric deposition
  • Collection of basic meteorologic and hydrologic data used as input data for statistical analysis and simulation

Most important results

  • The fundamental research of the team resulted in the following new conclusions:
  • Completely new calculating procedure for the estimate of the evapotranspiration determined as a need of water for cooling of plants. In this case plants are regarded as a cooler with water as a coolant. The error in determining evapotranspiration is about 5% of the precipitation over the growing season.
  • Evaluation and classification of the water regime of the soils in montaneous and submontaneous areas of the Šumava Mts in relation to various kind of land-use and agrotechnical activities.
  • Estimation of grosswater input and concentration of the major pollutants delivered via horizontal precipitation (cloud- and fogwater deposition) in the mountainous region of the Šumava Mts. and in the cities.
  • Basic knowledge about the transport and transformation of nutrients in the soil profile under various initial and boundary conditions.
  • Cartographic charts of water resources in selected Moravian regions, their exploitation, exposure to pollution and protection