The family Orchidaceae represents the richest family in the plant kingdom with its approximately 25,000 species. Thirteen species and sub-species are known in the Czech and Slovak Republics. Orchis ustulata is one of the least variable species, the study of which has resulted in the description of two sub-species - Orchis ustulata subsp. ustulata and O. ustulata sbsp. aestivalis. The article describes their biology, ecology and distribution.
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