Výzkumné studie
Aktivace stereotypu posluchače hudebního žánru a mentální výkon |
| Řada studií prokázala, že aktivace určitého sociálního stereotypu může ovlivnit následující výkon. Cílem naší studie bylo zjistit, zda aktivace stereotypu posluchače určitého hudebního žánru může ovlivnit mentální výkon, učení cizích slov. V prvním experimentu bylo zjištěno, že preference žánru klasická hudba je stereotypně spojena s představou vyšší inteligence a výkonnosti ve srovnání se stereotypem posluchače techna. V druhém experimentu byl před testem učení cizích slov aktivován stereotyp posluchače klasické hudby nebo techna. Výsledky ukázaly, že aktivace stereotypu posluchače klasické hudby vede k mírně lepším výsledkům testu ve srovnání se stereotypem posluchače techna. |
| Klíčová slova: aktivace stereotypů,
priming,
hudební preference |
Marek Franěk, Roman Mlejnek, Jan Petružálek (2011). Aktivace stereotypu posluchače hudebního žánru a mentální výkon. Československá psychologie, 55(5), 412-421.
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| Musical fan’s stereotypes activation
and mental performance |
Objectives. The goal of the study was to investigate
an effect of activation of musical fans
stereotypes on a mental performance – learning
words in a foreign language. In Experiment
1 stereotypical association of fans of classical
music, jazz, techno, heavy metal, rap, and punk
with the traits intelligence and efficiency were
investigated. In Experiment 2 an effect of stereotype
activation of fans of certain musical
genres on mental task was studied.
Subjects and setting. 63 subjects (32 females)
aged 20-22 years took part in Experiment 1. They
were asked to indicate on 7-point Likert scale the
level of perceived intelligence and efficacy of listeners
of particular musical genres. 88 subjects
(56 females) aged 19-22 years took part in Experiment
2. First, slides with typical forms of behaviors
of classical music or techno musicians and
listeners in a course of a concert were presented.
Further, subjects were asked to write down
a short report about these typical forms of behavior.
Next, during six minutes period subjects were
asked to learn twenty Latin words. Finally, they
were tested from their knowledge.
Hypotheses. Since the stereotype of classical
music listener use to be associated with intelligence
we supposed that activation of this stereotype
prior to the mental task would result in
a better performance in contrast to activation of
techno music fan stereotype.
Statistical analysis. In the first experiment
6 (musical genre) x 2 (gender) ANOVA revealed
the significant effect of musical genre on perceived
intelligence and efficiency. In the second
experiment 2 (stereotypes of classical music vs.
techno) x 2 (gender) ANOVA revealed the significant
effect of the type of stereotype activation,
on performance in the mental task.
Results. Experiment 1 showed that the highest
scores of perceived intelligence were associated
with listeners of classical music and jazz,
while the lowest score with fans of techno. In
perceived efficiency the highest scores were
combined with listeners of classical music and
jazz, while fans of techno and rap had the lowest
scores. Thus, in Experiment 2 the stereotypes
of listeners of classical music and techno were
employed. Results indicated that the activation
of stereotype of classical music listeners prior to
mental task resulted in a slightly better score in
the test of learning foreign words compared to
activation of the stereotype of techno fans.
Study limitation. The differences between various
forms of stereotype priming and their effects
on performance were discussed. |
| Keywords: stereotype activation,
priming,
music preference |
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