The first part of the present institute was established in 1952 at the Cukrovarnicka site as the  Institute of Technical Physics  of the newly founded  Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences , with the famous  Skoda Works Research Labs  as its core.

In 1954, the  Institute of Physics of the Academy  was formed by merging two recently constituted  Laboratories, of Nuclear Physics, and of the Experimental and Theoretical Physics .

In 1962, the  Institute of Technical Physics  was renamed to the  Institute of Solid State Physics .

In 1969, the Institute of Physics moved to the newly erected Slovanka building.

In 1979, the two Institutes and the  Laboratory of Low Temperature Physics  (founded in 1955 as a part of the  Nuclear Research Institute  in Rez) were united into the present  Institute of Physics .