Abstract: Basic features of neutrons: wave-particle duality, nuclear-, electromagnetic and gravitational interactions; classical neutron optics experiments: neutron guides, single and double slit diffraction, super-mirrors, grating diffraction; dynamical diffraction from perfect crystals and structures; basic quantum optical formulation of neutron optics: coherence,Wigner-, Husumi- and Weyrl functions; neutron interferometry: basic experiments, dynamical and topological phases, decoherence effects, coupling to electromagnetic fields; spin-echo methods: Larmor and zero-field precessions, spectroscopy; neutron anti-bunching; ultra-cold neutrons: storage experiments, gravity quantization, whispering gallery effect, ; neutron holography; quantum contextuality: double and triple entanglement; phase imaging; relation to other matter wave optical effects: electrons, atoms, molecules, clusters; interpretational questions of quantum mechanics.