| Přednáška Mariny Grišakové |
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11. 10. 2011 proslovila v zasedací místnosti ÚČL Marina Grišakova (Tartu Ülikool) přednášku Shifter as a Cognitive Category: "Imaginative Recentering" in Film and Fiction. Anotace: The role of indexical signs or deictics is crucial for inferential elaboration which readers or spectators employ to fill the gaps in narration. It is only recently that deixis have been redefined as a cognitive rather than a narrowly linguistic category. Carroll (1993) describes the point-of-view shot as a type of deictic-gaze behavior – a biologically innate information-gathering procedure basic to humans. Shifters or referential deictics combine referential and indexical functions. These are, for example, the pronouns “I” and “You” as referring to the interchangeable roles of speaker and hearer in conversation. In fiction, the mobile focus of subjectivity and presence becomes detached from the immediate situation of telling: it shifts between ontological domains. This process of shifting (or “imaginative recentering“ in Ryan) is a type of deictic-gaze behavior projected onto the sphere of mental activity. I shall use both literary and filmic examples (from Polanski’s Repulsion to postmodernist “network films“) to discuss the role of shifters as 1) cognitive operators, prototypical ways in which embodied mind relates to the world; 2) fictional operators, or specific functions of fictional storytelling.
Marina Grishakova is Associate Professor in the Department of Comparative Literature at the University of Tartu, Estonia. She is the author of more than 80 publications, numerous articles in peer-reviewed journals and international volumes, as well as the monograph The Models of Space, Time and Vision in V. Nabokov´s Fiction published in Tartu Semiotics Library series (2006), and editor and co-editor of collections such as Intermediality and Storytelling (with M.-L. Ryan, De Gruyter, 2010). Grishakova has been the leader of the project “Nordic Network of Narrative Studies” (NNNS, 2008-2011, sponsored by NordForsk), unifying narrative scholars from different disciplines. She is currently General Coordinator of the European Network for Comparative Literary Studies, member of the Executive Committee of the International Comparative Literature Association (ICLA), member of the European Society for Aesthetics, the Society for Literature, Science, and the Arts. In 2010, she organized the panel “Cognitive Film Studies II” at the ISSN conference in the University of Washington at St. Louis. Her main research interests include film theory, cognitive narratology, theory of multimodality. |