Centre of Plant Structural and
Functional Genomics
of the Institute of Experimental Botany AS CR

Flow cytometry involves the analysis of the fluorescence and light scatter properties of single particles (e.g. cells, nuclei, chromosomes) during their passage within a narrow, precisely defined liquid stream.

1. Place several layers of paper towels into a glass petri dish (18-cm diameter); top them with a single sheet of filter paper.
2. Moisten the paper layers with deionized H₂O.
3. Spread the seeds on the filter paper surface.
4. Cover the petri dish and leave the seeds to germinate for 2 - 3 days to achieve optimal root length (2 - 3 cm).
5. Select seedlings with similar length of their primary roots.
6. Thread seedling roots through the holes of the open-mesh basket positioned on a plastic tray filled with

1. Place several layers of paper towels into a glass petri dish (18-cm diameter); top them with a single sheet of filter paper.
2. Moisten the paper layers with deionized H₂O.
3. Spread the seeds on the filter paper surface.
4. Cover the petri dish and leave the seeds to germinate for 2 - 3 days to achieve optimal root length (2 - 3 cm).
5. Select seedlings with similar length of their primary roots.
6. Thread seedling roots through the holes of the open-mesh basket positioned on a plastic tray filled with

1. Place several layers of paper towels into a glass petri dish (18-cm diameter); top them with a single sheet of filter paper.
2. Moisten the paper layers with deionized H₂O.
3. Spread the seeds on the filter paper surface.
4. Cover the petri dish and leave the seeds to germinate for 2 - 3 days to achieve optimal root length (2 - 3 cm).
5. Select seedlings with similar length of their primary roots.
6. Thread seedling roots through the holes of the open-mesh basket positioned on a plastic tray filled with

1. Place several layers of paper towels into a glass petri dish (18-cm diameter); top them with a single sheet of filter paper.
2. Moisten the paper layers with deionized H₂O.
3. Spread the seeds on the filter paper surface.
4. Cover the petri dish and leave the seeds to germinate for 2 - 3 days to achieve optimal root length (2 - 3 cm).
5. Select seedlings with similar length of their primary roots.
6. Thread seedling roots through the holes of the open-mesh basket positioned on a plastic tray filled with

1. Place several layers of paper towels into a glass petri dish (18-cm diameter); top them with a single sheet of filter paper.
2. Moisten the paper layers with deionized H₂O.
3. Spread the seeds on the filter paper surface.
4. Cover the petri dish and leave the seeds to germinate for 2 - 3 days to achieve optimal root length (2 - 3 cm).
5. Select seedlings with similar length of their primary roots.
6. Thread seedling roots through the holes of the open-mesh basket positioned on a plastic tray filled with

1. Imbibe the seeds for 8 h in deionized H₂O with aeration.
2. Place several layers of paper towels into a glass petri dish (18-cm diameter); top them with a single sheet of filter paper.
3. Moisten the paper layers with deionized H₂O.
4. Spread the seeds on the filter paper surface.
5. Cover the petri dish and leave the seeds to germinate for 1 day to achieve optimal root length (2 - 3 cm).
6. Select seedlings with similar length of their primary roots.
7. Thread seedling roots throug

1. Imbibe the seeds for 24 h in deionized H₂O with aeration.
2. Place several layers of paper towels into a glass petri dish (18-cm diameter); top them with a single sheet of filter paper.
3. Moisten the paper layers with deionized H₂O.
4. Spread the seeds on the filter paper surface.
5. Cover the petri dish and leave the seeds to germinate for 1 - 2 days to achieve optimal root length (2 - 3 cm).
6. Select seedlings with similar length of their primary roots.
7. Thread seedling roots

1. Imbibe the seeds for 24 h in deionized H₂O with aeration.
2. Wet inert substrate (e.g., perlite) with 1x Hoagland's nutrient solution and put it into a plastic tray.
3. Wash the seeds in deionized H₂O, spread them over the surface of the substrate, cover them with 1-cm layer of wet substrate.
4. Cover the tray with aluminium foil and leave the seeds to germinate for 2 - 3 days to achieve optimal root length (approx.

1. Imbibe the seeds for 24 h in deionized H₂O with aeration.
2. Wet inert substrate (e.g., perlite) with 1x Hoagland's nutrient solution and put it into a plastic tray.
3. Wash the seeds in deionized H₂O, spread them over the surface of the substrate, cover them with 1-cm layer of wet substrate.
4. Cover the tray with aluminium foil and leave the seeds to germinate for 2 - 3 days to achieve optimal root length (approx.