Electronic structure of complex materials with unusual properties is studied with TB-LMTO, FP-LAPW, and pseudopotential ab-initio density-functional methods. The calculations are used to predict new materials with application potential. Relativistic effects and correlation-induced dynamical fluctuations in the electronic structure of alloys, surfaces, interfaces, interlayers and multilayers are taken into account. Real-space finite-element method applicable to nonperiodic structures is being developed.