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The Protest Movements in the Contemporary Middle East

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2 Jun 2014

On May 29-30, a conference entitled "The Protest Movements in the Contemporary Middle East" took place at the Academy of Sciences. The conference was organized under the auspices of Oriental Institute, Czech Academy of Sciences, and Centre français de recherche en sciences sociales (CEFRES) in Prague, with the kind support of Groupe de Recherches et d'Etudes sur la Méditerranée et le Moyen-Orient (GREMMO, Lyon) and Cercle des Chercheurs sur le Moyen-Orient (CCMO).

Prof. Noam Chomsky appeared at the Academy of Sciences of the CR

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2 Jun 2014

One of the most important scientists of today, Professor Avram Noam Chomsky from Massachusetts Institute of Technology appeared on Monday, 2 June 2014 at the headquarters of the Academy of Sciences of the CR with a lecture “What Can We Understand?” On this occasion, he received from the hands of the President of the CAS Prof. Jiří Drahoš the honorary medal “De scientia et humanitate optime meritis”. Over the next few days, Prof. Chomsky will attend a linguistics conference organized by the Faculty of Arts of Palacký University in Olomouc and a public debate on current social trends in the Metropol Cinema in Olomouc.

Quantifying the impacts of alien species: towards an IUCN Black List

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12 May 2014

One of the major transformations of the planet from human activities is the wholesale redistribution of species, through the deliberate or accidental translocation of their populations to areas outside their native range. These “alien” species have in many cases caused substantial deleterious impacts to the recipient environment (e.g. extinctions of native populations and species, the disruption of soil nutrient and water cycling, and natural disturbance regimes). Preventing and mitigating such impacts is a major drain on limited conservation resources.

The FUNBIO project – studying materials on the boundary of life

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7 May 2014

Institute of Physics, CAS, v. v. i. (FZU) has begun implementation of the Center of functional materials for bio-applications (FUNBIO). This project is supported within 11th call of the OPPK (Operační program Praha – Konkurenceschopnost; Operational Programme Prague Competitiveness) structural funds of the European Commission, which significantly complements the current project Centrefor Analysis of FunctionalMaterials (SAFMAT).

New findings on acute myeloid leukemia from the Institute of Molecular Genetics CAS

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5 May 2014

Scientists from the Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Academy of Sciences in Czech Republic (IMG), in collaboration with several leading centers in the USA and the Netherlands, clarify the mechanism of transformation in one subtype of leukemia. Importantly, they identify substances that in a future might help to develop more effective treatments for this disease. The results of this study were published in the international journal Haematologica.

Physics helps economy: a new monograph on Econophysics from the Institute of Physics, CAS

12 Mar 2014

Importance and impact of methods and techniques developed for studying physical problems has outreached the realm of natural sciences. Methods of quantum physics and statistical mechanics find more and more applications in biology, economy, informatics, or sociology. Physics has become one of the most important components of a number of new interdisciplinary research fields. Econophysics utilises methods of statistical mechanics and theory of phase transitions to model and understand processes in economy and financial markets.

Brain Awareness Week

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10 Mar 2014

Every March, the European Dana Alliance for the Brain (EDAB) coordinates Brain Awareness Week, when hundreds of public events in dozens of countries celebrate progress in brain research and inform the general public about their overall results. In the Czech Republic, Brain Awareness Week activities are organized by the Institute of Experimental Medicine CAS and by Czech Society of Neuroscience, by the Centre of Neuroscience and by the Centre of Administration and Operations CAS.

 

Relativity shakes a magnet

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4 Mar 2014

Researchers from Institute of Physics CAS demonstrate a new principle for magnetic recording

Current technologies for writing, storing, and reading information are either charge-based or spin-based. Semiconductor flash or random access memories are prime examples among the large variety of charge-based devices. They utilize the possibility offered by semiconductors to easily electrically manipulate and detect their electronic charge states representing the “zeros” and “ones”. The downside is that weak perturbations such as impurities, temperature change, or radiation can lead to uncontrolled charge redistributions and, as a consequence, to data loss.

Magnetic inside but not on outside

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3 Feb 2014

Researchers from the Institute of Physics introduce antiferromagnetic memories
 
In ferromagnetic materials, information can be stored in “zeros” and “ones” defined by the orientation of magnetic moments, which can be pictured as small compasses (see Fig. 1a). This technology is behind a range of memory applications from kilobyte magnetic stripe cards to terabyte computer hard disks. It is dangerous to place a parking ticket or a hard disk next to another magnet or device generating strong magnetic fields because the magnetic moments of the memory can be unintentionally reoriented and the information lost (see Fig. 1b).

A new theory explaining the origin of hydrocarbon molecules in interstellar space

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22 Jan 2014

Scientists from the Institute of Physics of the CAS, together with colleagues from Spain and France presented in the journal Nature Communications new theory of the origin of polyaromatic hydrocarbon molecules in the universe. According to the new theory, these molecules are formed by hydrogen etching of the graphitic surface of the stardust particles.