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Epigenetic diversity increases the productivity and stability of plant populations

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28 Nov 2013

Humanity is dependent on natural ecosystems as sources of food, but they also provide other essential services. The preservation of biological diversity is a fundamental challenge for contemporary environmental protection. Recent research has found that intraspecific diversity plays an equally vital role in the functioning and stability of ecosystems as interspecies diversity. Intraspecific diversity was until now always attributed to phenotypic and functional diversity of individuals, secured thanks to the variability of DNA. Nevertheless, the phenotype is controlled only by the base sequence of nucleotides in the DNA, but is also controlled by epigenetic variation.

Why does the cuckoo win the battle with its host?

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25 Nov 2013

New knowledge from biologists of the CAS
The Common Cuckoo is an obligatory brood parasite that lays its eggs in the nests of other bird species (hosts), and leaves them with the entire burden of raising their offspring. As a consequence of this way of life, a number of specific adaptations have arisen, to which the hosts respond with adequate counteradaptations. That leads to the emergence of a coevolutionary struggle between the two involved parties. One of the most interesting adaptations of the Common Cuckoo is the often noteworthy similarity of their eggs to the hosts’ eggs (mimicry), which increases the chance that the host does not recognise and remove them.

Czech Astronomers are the first to have captured the optical afterglow of a gamma burst

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20 Nov 2013

On 30 October at 10 PM, a so-called gamma burst flared in the constellation Aquarius. It was recorded in space by the satellite Swift. Astronomers from the Group of Astrophysics of High Energies Group of the Stellar Section of the Astronomical Institute of the CAS started monitoring it only 41 seconds after the placements of the optic telescope at the observatory in Ondřejov and were so the first in the world. They are gigantic energetic flashes in the area of gamma radiation, which energy comparable with the emission of the Sun for its entire lifespan is released over a few seconds or tens of seconds. The distance of the object in space was calculated as 9 billion light years.

National Prize of Česká hlava (Czech Intellect) 2013 awarded

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18 Nov 2013

Representatives of the Academy of Sciences of the CR were again successful in the prestigious scientific competition Česká hlava (Czech Intellect). The National Prize of the Government of the CR Česká hlava 2013 was obtained by the outstanding Czech historian prof. PhDr. František Šmahel, DrSc., dr.h.c. mult., from the Institute of Philosophy of the CAS - Centre of Medieval Studies. The Prize of the Company Kapsch for Invention was taken by Ing. Ilona Müllerová, DrSc., from the Institute of Scientific Instruments of the CAS for long-term and systematic research in the area of electron microscopy and the Prize of the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports of the CR was received for his scientific work within his doctoral study programme by Mgr. Ondřej Maršálek, PhD.

Prof. H. Tlaskalova-Hogenova, CAS, key-note speaker at 7th Annual International SHARE Symposium in Denmark

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6 Nov 2013

Copenhagen 6 November 2013: The 7th annual SHARE Symposium in Copenhagen, Denmark on 6 November 2013 has the pleasure of welcoming two keynote speakers. In the morning Professor Bente Finsen, University of Southern Denmark, gives a presentation on “Understanding disease mechanisms in human neurological disorders through studies of mice”, and in the afternoon Professor Helena Tlaskalova-Hogenova, Academy of Science of the Czech Republic, gives a presentation about “The role of microbiota in the immune system development and chronic disease”.

Week of Science and Technology of the CAS – A festival fascinated by the world

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30 Oct 2013

The largest science festival in the Czech Republic Week of Science and Technology of the Academy of Sciences of the CR was ceremonially opened today at the headquarters of the CAS in Prague with the attendance of President of the CAS Prof. Jiří Drahoš and Lord Mayor of the Capital City of Prague RNDR. Tomáš Hudeček. This, already the 13th annual festival of successful scientific shows, whose popularity is still growing, bears the subtitle Fascination with the World. It is taking place on 1–15 November 2013 and its programme is filled with more than 500 events scattered all over the Czech Republic.

New approach to preparation of highly tunable microwave dielectrics

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21 Oct 2013

Scientists from Institute of Physics CAS contributed to development of a new approach to preparation of highly tunable microwave dielectrics exploring Srn+1TinO3n+1 with layered perovskite crystal structure. This material has in the form of 50 nm thin films and under mechanical strain excellent dielectric properties, which are promising for applications in microwave electronics, e.g. in cellular phones. The paper, describing unique properties and preparation of biaxially strained thin films of Srn+1TinO3n+1, was published in Nature journal on 16th October 2013. 

“World Development Report 2014” panel discussion at CERGE-EI

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10 Oct 2013

The World Development Report 2014, titled Risk and Opportunity: Managing Risk for Development, examines how improving risk management can lead to large gains in development and poverty reduction. As part of launching the report, the World Bank is taking a “road show” to select locations in Europe and Asia to disseminate the key findings and continue the discussion. This will include a special presentation in Prague hosted by CERGE-EI on October 21st at 4.30 PM.

Prof. František Šmahel will receive the National Award of the Government of the CR Česká hlava (Czech Intelligence)

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4 Oct 2013

The National Award of the Government of the CR Česká hlava (Czech Intelligence) was won this year by Prof. František Šmahel from the Centre of Medieval Studies – a joint workplace of the Academy of Sciences of the CR and Charles University at the Institute of Philosophy of the CAS. The preeminent Czech medievalist has acquired this prestigious prize for his lifelong work and also for his civic and scientific positions. The Council for Research, Development and Innovation proposed Prof. František Šmahel for the National Award of the Government of the CR Česká hlava. Through its selection, it wanted to award the researcher’s outstanding results in the Czech Republic and abroad. The handover of the award Česká hlava will take place at a ceremonial gala evening on 17 November 2013.

A Czech mathematician has acquired a prestigious European grant

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1 Oct 2013

For results achieved in the area of computational complexity, prof. RNDr. Pavel Pudlák, DrSc. from the Institute of Mathematics of the CAS has been awarded by the European Research Council (ERC). As the only Czech representative this year, he has won financial support within the prestigious competition “ERC Advanced Grants”, announced for experiences research employees. He succeeded with the project “Feasibility, logic and randomness in computational complexity” and is the fifth laureate of the advanced grant in the Czech Republic after Eduard Feireisl (2012), Josef Michl (2008), Detlef Schröder (2008) and Tomáš Jungwirth (2011).

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