Molnár, I., Vrána, J., Farkas, A., Kubaláková, M., Cseh, A., Molnár-Láng, M., Doležel, J.
ANNALS OF BOTANY
116:
189-200,
2015
Klíčová slova:
Aegilops markgrafii, Ae. triuncialis, Ae. cylindrica, goatgrass, Poaceae, flow cytometric chromosome sorting, conserved orthologous set markers, COS, physical mapping, fluorescence in situ hybridization, FISH, genomic in situ hybridization, GISH, wheat, Triticum aestivum
Abstrakt:
Background and Aims Aegilops markgrafii (CC) and its natural hybrids Ae. triuncialis (UtUtCtCt) and Ae. cylindrica
(DcDcCcCc) represent a rich reservoir of useful genes for improvement of bread wheat (Triticum aestivum),
but the limited information available on their genome structure and the shortage of molecular (cyto-) genetic tools
hamper the utilization of the extant genetic diversity. This study provides the complete karyotypes in the three species
obtained after fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) with repetitive DNA probes, and evaluates the potential
of flow cytometric chromosome sorting.
Methods The flow karyotypes obtained after the analysis of 4’,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI)-stained chromosomes
were characterized and the chromosome content of the peaks on the flow karyotypes was determined by
FISH. Twenty-nine conserved orthologous set (COS) markers covering all seven wheat homoeologous chromosome
groups were used for PCR with DNA amplified from flow-sorted chromosomes and genomic DNA.
Key Results FISH with repetitive DNA probes revealed that chromosomes 4C, 5C, 7Ct, T6Ut S.6UtL-5CtL, 1Cc
and 5Dc could be sorted with purities ranging from 66 to 91 %, while the remaining chromosomes could be sorted
in groups of 2–5. This identified a partial wheat–C-genome homology for group 4 and 5 chromosomes. In addition,
1C chromosomes were homologous with group 1 of wheat; a small segment from group 2 indicated 1C–2C rearrangement.
An extensively rearranged structure of chromosome 7C relative to wheat was also detected.
Conclusions The possibility of purifying Aegilops chromosomes provides an attractive opportunity to investigate
the structure and evolution of the Aegilops C genome and to develop molecular tools to facilitate the identification
of alien chromatin and support alien introgression breeding in bread wheat.
Fulltext: kontaktujte autory z ÚEB
Autoři z ÚEB: Jaroslav Doležel,
Marie Kubaláková,
Jan Vrána
Čeština
English