Od rovnostářství k zásluhovosti? Česká republika mezi dvěma ideologiemi distributivní spravedlnosti

The principle objective of the paper is to uncover the interplay between 
egalitarian and inegalitarian norms and beliefs about distributive justice during the 
postcommunist transformation in the Czech Republic. Two theoretical perspectives, 
namely the „split-consciousness“ theory (Kluegel and Smith) and the theory of 
dominant and challenging norms of distributive justice (Della Fave), are applied in 
comparative analysis of egalitarian and inegalitarian inclinations in the Czech 
Republic and the Netherlands. Results from multisample recursive and nonrecursive 
structural equation models suggest two major conclusions. First, in accordance with 
the thesis on „winners“ and „losers“ in the postcommunist transformation (Matìjù 
and Øeháková), in the Czech Republic as compared with the Netherlands, the 
struggle between egalitarian and inegalitarian ideologies is strongly related to one’s 
position in the social stratification system. Secondly, the capacity of inegalitarian 
ideology to resist egalitarian norms is much stronger in the Netherlands than in the 
Czech Republic, where, on the contrary, the capacity of an egalitarian interpretation 
of distributive justice to challenge meritocratic norms is much stronger.