Our department is studying physiological regulations of metabolisms and their disturbances in obesity and associated diseases (i.e. Metabolic syndrome). In order to help treat these disorders we explore the influence of drugs, diet and natural substances, namely n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids of marine origin (omega-3). Our results show the importance of the metabolism of adipose tissue for accumulation of body fat and reveal new possibilities in the prevention and treatment of metabolic disorders linked to obesity by modulating adipose tissue metabolism. We investigate mechanisms that regulate metabolism in health and disease by combining experiments on mice and cell models with clinical studies, and we try to apply new knowledge in clinical medicine. While working with the manufacturers of the tested substances in the Czech Republic and Norway, we investigate the possible use of omega-3 to increase the effect of drugs and other substances in the treatment of selected diseases. Research projects of the department reflect the current grant support and the existence of Research units established during 2015. The "Energy metabolism unit" (PI: J. Kopecký) examines the importance of a "futile" cycle involving the triglyceride hydrolysis and re-esterification of fatty acids in adipocytes of white adipose tissue for resistance to obesity and associated metabolic disorders, namely in the context of calorie restriction, omega-3 administration and cold exposure. The influence of the above manipulations on the formation of lipid mediators, mitochondrial metabolism and proliferation of cells in the adipose tissue is also being characterized. The "Metabolomics unit" (PI: O. Kuda) focuses on the analysis of lipid mediators (eicosanoids) in adipose tissue using the UPLC-MS / MS method, in particular to identify the source of production of various mediators and their effect on metabolism and inflammatory properties of adipose tissue cells (i.e. adipocytes vs. macrophages). New metabolomic methods are also being developed. The "Glucose homeostasis unit" (PI: M. Rossmeisl), by using the method of hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamps, analyzes the insulin-sensitizing effects of omega-3 depending on the lipid form (i.e. triacylglycerols vs. phospholipids) of their administration, as well as the involvement of the endocannabinoid system in these effects. We examine the changes in the intestine and their involvement in differential effects of various lipid forms of omega-3 on the whole-body metabolism. Translational potential regarding the beneficial effects of omega-3 on metabolism will also be tested using the transgenic mice expressing the human version of the transcription factor PPARalpha. All the above mentioned Research units are closely collaborating and are engaged in translational research conducted in collaboration with clinical as well as industrial partners.

The Department is subdivided into three Research units with complementary focus, which closely collaborate and are engaged in translational research conducted together with clinical as well as industrial partners.