Raman spectroscopy is the undisputed method of choice for a simple, fast and non-destructive characterization of graphene. Its capabilities go far beyond the commonly used assessment of quality a layer number. The lecture will review some of the recent advances as well as pitfalls in determining various states and properties of graphene systems, like disentangling strain level and charge carrier concentration, determining bending rigidity or investigating interaction between individual layers in bilayer graphene.