Orbital momentum, anomalous Hall effect and topological phase transformation

Abstract: A two-dimensional network model representing an array of coupled orbitals of non-zero orbital momenta has been used to illustrate the origin of the anomalous Hall effect. For a coupling stronger than a critical value the topological phase transformation leading to the existence of chiral edge states has been observed. The corresponding anomalous Hall conductivity becomes quantized, as experimentally observed in magnetic topological insulators.