Growth and proliferation in vitro of Vaccinium corymbosum under different irradiance and radiation spectral composition

N. Noè, T. Eccher, E. Del Signore, A. Montoldi

Biologia plantarum 1998, 41:161-167 | DOI: 10.1023/A:1001878901718

Plantlets of highbush blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum) cvs. Atlantic, Berkeley and Elizabeth, were exposed in vitro to radiation of different spectral compositions obtained by filtering the cool-white light with either 2 types of polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) layers or glass and different photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD, ranging from 10 to 180 µmol m^-2 s^-1). Red colour of leaves was the first response to the light treatments: after 14 d under unfiltered light, the shoots exposed to higher PPFD showed dramatic reddening of leaves and sprouts, especially in cv. Atlantic; cutting wavelengths shorter than 520 nm (no-B-PMMA...

Glick, D.M.: Glossary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology

L. Skálová

Biologia plantarum 1998, 41:168 | DOI: 10.1023/A:1001868108987

Morphology and ultrastructure of isolated gemmae of Drosera pygmaea and their in vitro germination

M. Bobák, J. Šamaj, A. Blehová, M. Ovečka, S. Novomeská, J. Krištín

Biologia plantarum 1998, 41:169-176 | DOI: 10.1023/A:1001803108562

Gemma morphology, histology and ultrastructure before and after germination in vitro were studied in Drosera pygmaea. The histology of the gemma is similar to that of a seed, being characterized by an embryo-like structure and storage tissue, although no seed coat is formed. One embryo-like structure within the gemma, which gives origin to a new plant, expresses polar organisation with distinct meristematic regions. Storage tissue surrounding the embryo-like structure resembles endosperm and it is built of parenchyma cells possessing plastids with starch grains and dense material within vacuoles. The regeneration from the gemma may provide useful system...

Optimization of PRINS and C-PRINS for detection of telomeric sequences in Vicia faba

M. Kubaláková, J. Doležel

Biologia plantarum 1998, 41:177-184 | DOI: 10.1023/A:1001893925400

Primed in situ labelling (PRINS) of nucleic acids was developed as an alternative to traditionally used fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). Compared to FISH, PRINS is faster and does not require preparation of labelled probes. Nevertheless, the number of applications for physical mapping of DNA sequences on plant chromosomes remains low. This is due to the fact that there are a number of factors which influence the specificity and sensitivity of the reaction. The purpose of this work was to analyse the effect of some of them, including the age of slides, type of Taq DNA polymerase, number and concentration of primers, the presence and concentration...

Heat shock responses of bean plants: involvement of free radicals, antioxidants and free radical/active oxygen scavenging systems

A. Edreva, I. Yordanov, R. Kardjieva, E. Gesheva

Biologia plantarum 1998, 41:185-191 | DOI: 10.1023/A:1001846009471

In non-acclimated bean plants heat shock induced oxidative damage (increase of free radical concentration and drop of bound thiols, indicating aggregation of proteins) which was regulated by the enhanced activities of peroxidase and superoxide dismutase, as well as by the accumulation of polyphenols and especially of polyamines. In the plants acclimated to high temperature no oxidative damage occurred following heat shock.

Isenberg, G. (ed.): Modern Optics, Electronics, and High Precision Techniques in Cell Biology

J. Nauš

Biologia plantarum 1998, 41:192 | DOI: 10.1023/A:1001820225826

Plant mitochondrial electrical potential monitored by fluorescence quenching of rhodamine 123

E. Braidot, E. Petrussa, F. Macrì, A. Vianello

Biologia plantarum 1998, 41:193-201 | DOI: 10.1023/A:1001898027218

The suitability of the fluorescent dye rhodamine 123 for qualitative and quantitative determinations of the electrical potential difference (ΔΨ) in isolated pea (Pisum sativum L.) stem mitochondria was evaluated. A fluorescence quenching of rhodamine 123, as a consequence of dye uptake, occurred following mitochondria energization by both external and internal substrates. This quenching was associated to the generation of ΔΨ, because it was completely released by uncouplers and respiratory inhibitors. The conversion of the proton gradient (ΔpH) into ΔΨ, induced by nigericin or a permeant weak acid (phosphate), increased...

Mohren, G.M.J., Kramer, K., Sabaté, S. (ed.): Impacts of Global Change on Tree Physiology and Forest Ecosystems

J. Pospíšilová

Biologia plantarum 1998, 41:202 | DOI: 10.1023/A:1001872226734

Postanthesis allocation of photosynthates and grain growth in wheat cultivars as affected by source/sink change

Y. Yin, Z. Wang, M. He, J. Fu, S. Lu

Biologia plantarum 1998, 41:203-209 | DOI: 10.1023/A:1001854311288

Two wheat cultivars, Hesheng 2 with large grain yield potential, and Shannong 505 with small grain yield potential, were used for investigating the responses of postanthesis photosynthesis, dry matter accumulation and allocation, and grain growth to source/sink changes. At the initial grain filling stage, Hesheng 2 was sensitive to source reduction leading to an increase of net photosynthetic rate (P_N) by 10 %; however, little effect of sink reduction was observed. In Shannong 505, P_N was obviously decreased by sink reduction, and changed a little after source reduction. At the rapid grain filling stage, Hesheng 2 was sensitive...

Raffauf, R.F.: Plant alkaloids: A Guide to Their Discovery and Distribution

B. Szotáková

Biologia plantarum 1998, 41:210 | DOI: 10.1023/A:1001876310805

Role of aminolevulinic acid in improving biomass production in Vigna catjung, V. mungo, and V. radiata

C. Bindu Roy, M. Vivekanandan

Biologia plantarum 1998, 41:211-215 | DOI: 10.1023/A:1001806429035

A precursor in tetrapyrrole biosynthesis, 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA), was applied via presowing soaking in Vigna catjung, V. mungo, and V. radiata. ALA increased plant growth and influenced dry matter accumulation in leaves, stems, and pods through increased chlorophyll content and photosynthetic CO₂ absorption. At harvest, ALA treated plants had increased number of pods per plant, seeds per pod, 100 seed dry matter, biological yield, and the harvest index. Therefore, pretreatment of seeds with optimal concentration of ALA is recommended for improving the growth and productivity of tropical legumes.

Smith, B.J. (ed.): Protein Sequencing Protocols

T. Moravec

Biologia plantarum 1998, 41:216 | DOI: 10.1023/A:1001828411713

Growth, nitrate uptake and respiration rate in bean roots under phosphate deficiency

A. Gniazdowska, M. Mikulska, A.M. Rychter

Biologia plantarum 1998, 41:217-226 | DOI: 10.1023/A:1001862513105

The decrease in inorganic phosphate concentration in bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L. cv. Złota Saxa) roots induced decrease in respiration rate. The decrease observed in ATP pool in phosphate deficient (-P) roots was greater than it would result from the decline in respiration and possible involvement of alternative pathway, suggesting an increased energy utilization for growth and ion uptake. Indeed, relative growth rate was higher in -P plants until 12 d of culture and later dropped to the rate similar to the control. Net nitrate uptake rate was higher in -P plants than in +P plants at the beginning of phosphate starvation, then during the prolonged...

Osmotic adjustment in triticales grown in presence of NaCl

A. Morant-Avice, E. Pradier, R. Houchi

Biologia plantarum 1998, 41:227-234 | DOI: 10.1023/A:1001814614014

Growth and Na⁺, K⁺, Cl^-, proteins, sugars and proline concentrations were measured in three triticale genotypes M2A, DF99 and Asseret grown on nutrient solution with or without 75 mM NaCl. In saline conditions, leaf area of the three triticales was reduced by 50 % and dry to fresh mass ratio increased. Total protein concentration was diminished by 10 %. K⁺ concentration decreased whereas Na⁺ and Cl^- accumulated in roots and shoots of salt-stressed plants. This ion accumulation was greater in roots of Asseret than in roots of the other triticales. Soluble sugar concentration increased...

Effect of heavy metals on nitrate and protein metabolism in sugar beet

S. Kevrešan, N. Petrović, M. Popović, J. Kandrač

Biologia plantarum 1998, 41:235-240 | DOI: 10.1023/A:1001818714922

Nitrate content, activities of nitrate reductase and glutamine synthetase, soluble protein content, and proportion of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (RuBPCO) protein in total proteins were measured in leaves of Beta vulgaris L. plants affected by nickel, cadmium, and molybdenum in concentrations of 10^-4, 10^-2, and 1 mM. The most harmful effect on the above mentioned parameters had Cd, less harmful Ni, whereas Mo stimulated the investigated parameters. The proportion of RuBPCO protein showed a high tolerance to heavy metals.

Screening of the occurrence of copper amine oxidases in Fabaceae plants

L. Luhová, M. Šebela, I. Frébort, L. Zajoncová, H.G. Faulhammer, P. Peč

Biologia plantarum 1998, 41:241-254 | DOI: 10.1023/A:1001822831761

Aim of this work was to find the best source for obtaining high amount of copper amine oxidase (EC 1.4.3.6) that can be further used for analytical or industrial applications. The study focused on plant enzymes, because they occur in much higher content in the starting material than the enzymes from other sources, have higher specific activity and are also more thermostable. Presence of the amine oxidase was tested in extracts from 4 to 7-d-old seedlings of thirty-four various Fabaceae plants. Amine oxidases from nine selected plants were purified by general method involving ammonium sulfate fractionation, controlled heat denaturation, and three chromatographic...

The effect of selected plant hormones on in vitro proliferation of hyphae of Glomus fistulosum

M. Gryndler, H. Hršelová, I. Chvátalová, J. Jansa

Biologia plantarum 1998, 41:255-263 | DOI: 10.1023/A:1001874832669

Effects of N⁶-benzyladenine, kinetin, zeatin, N⁶-benzyladenosine, kinetin riboside, zeatin riboside, jasmonic acid, indole-3-acetic acid, indole-3-butyric acid, indole-3-propionic acid, abscisic acid and gibberellic acid on proliferation of hyphae of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungus Glomus fistulosum were studied under axenic conditions in vitro. The growth of intraradical hyphae of G. fistulosum was fully suppressed by 30 µM indole-3-acetic acid, but a perceptible decrease in the proliferation of the hyphae was observed already at 3 µM. Because such concentration is near the concentrations common in root tissues...

Spector, D.L., Goldman, R., Leindwand, L. (ed.): Cells: A Laboratory Manual. Volume 3: Subcellular Localization of Genes and Their Products

I. Babůrek

Biologia plantarum 1998, 41:264 | DOI: 10.1023/A:1001832512622

Application of seed esterase isoenzymes in testing hybridity of tomato

M. Markova, M. Vodenicharova, Ts. Stoilova, N. Cholakova

Biologia plantarum 1998, 41:265-269 | DOI: 10.1023/A:1001887218557

Expression of esterase isoenzymes in 1272 seeds was used to estimate hybridity of Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. Individual seeds (440) of the parental cultivars taken from different experimental stations in Bulgaria were also analysed. The banding patterns were obtained by means of vertical block electrophoresis in polyacrylamide gels. It was established that quantitative variation of locus Est-1 can be applied to prove hybridity of F₁ tomato seeds. This marker is related to the genetic nature of tomatoes and is not the result of the environmental influence. The reason for this conclusion is the fact that the isoenzymes of the Est-1 locus...

Thomas, H., Farrar, J.F. (ed.): Putting Plant Physiology on the Map: Genetic Analysis of Developmental and Adaptive Traits

J. Pospíšilová

Biologia plantarum 1998, 41:270 | DOI: 10.1023/A:1001836613530

Accumulation of proline and glycine betaine in Ipomoea pes-caprae induced by NaCl

A. Venkatesan, K.P. Chellappan

Biologia plantarum 1998, 41:271-276 | DOI: 10.1023/A:1001839302627

The present study pertains to the effect of different concentration of NaCl on the contents of proteins, free amino acids, proline and glycine betaine in leaves, stems and roots of Ipomoea pes-caprae. The protein content of the tissues increased in response to salinity upto 200 mM NaCl; the free amino acids content showed a reversal trend. The proline and glycine betaine contents increased with increasing salinity upto 500 mM NaCl. The accumulation of proline and glycine betaine might play a role in the alleviation of salt stress.

Chlorophyll accumulation in black pine seedlings treated with 5-aminolevulinic acid

G. Dražić, N. Mihailović

Biologia plantarum 1998, 41:277-280 | DOI: 10.1023/A:1001891319465

5-Aminolevulinic acid (10^-5 M), a key precursor in chlorophyll biosynthetic pathway, stimulated chlorophyll accumulation in the dark grown black pine (Pinus nigra Arn.) seedlings and did not affect chlorophyll accumulation in the light.

Morphological and molecular variations in the epiphytic CAM fern Pyrrosia piloselloides

B.-L. Ong, S.-H. Lim, L.-C. Looi

Biologia plantarum 1998, 41:281-285 | DOI: 10.1023/A:1001843403536

Variation in shape and size of mature sterile fronds of the epiphytic fern, Pyrrosia piloselloides (L.) Price, was observed. These morphological differences were also linked to genotypic variations of the different fern populations studied. Genetic polymorphism in different populations of P. piloselloides was investigated using random amplified polymorphic DNA markers.

Wien, H.C. (ed.): Physiology of Vegetable Crops.

J. Krekule

Biologia plantarum 1998, 41:286 | DOI: 10.1023/A:1001840730369

Fluoride-induced alteration of carbon and nitrogen metabolism in developing wheat grains

B. Asthir, A.S. Basra, S.K. Batta

Biologia plantarum 1998, 41:287-292 | DOI: 10.1023/A:1001895420374

Effect of fluoride (10 and 50 mM) on the activities of sucrose metabolizing enzymes, alkaline inorganic pyrophosphatase, and transaminases in relation to the accumulation of free sugars, starch, and soluble protein was studied in detached ears of wheat cultured in a liquid medium. Culturing for 5 d in the presence of fluoride reduced the amount of grain starch whereas contents of total free sugars, particularly sucrose, and soluble protein increased. Fluoride inhibited the activities of soluble acid and neutral invertases, as well as sucrose synthase acting in the cleavage direction. Uptake of uniformly labelled ¹⁴C-sucrose or fructose was...

A combined PRINS-FISH technique for simultaneous localisation of DNA sequences on plant chromosomes

M. Kubaláková, M. Nouzová, M. Doleželová, J. Macas, J. Doležel

Biologia plantarum 1998, 41:293-296 | DOI: 10.1023/A:1001847505353

A novel approach for simultaneous localization of two DNA sequences on plant chromosomes is described. The approach is based on a combined use of primed in situ DNA labelling (PRINS) with fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH). Traditionally, this has been done using FISH with two probes labelled by two different marker molecules. Compared to this method, the combined PRINS-FISH procedure is faster. Furthermore, because one of the DNA sequences is localized by PRINS with specific primers, only one labelled probe is needed.

Effects of salinity, external K⁺/Na⁺ ratio and soil moisture on growth and ion content of Sesbania rostrata

K. Mahmood

Biologia plantarum 1998, 41:297-302 | DOI: 10.1023/A:1001803706261

Growth of Sesbania rostrata was decreased gradually with increase in root medium salinity (mixed salts or NaCl alone). Soil moisture or anoxia did not affect plant growth significantly. Higher K⁺/Na⁺ ratios in plant tissues compared to those in the root medium were found under different salinities. This indicated a high K⁺-Na⁺ selectivity, a characteristic generally considered unique to halophytes. S. rostrata is moderately salt tolerant and may be utilized as forage crop and green manure on saline land.

Effect of flavonoids on in-vitro proliferation of hyphae of Glomus fistulosum

M. Gryndler, H. Hršelová

Biologia plantarum 1998, 41:303-306 | DOI: 10.1023/A:1001807823100

Biochanin A, luteolin, naringenin and quercetin significantly decreased the percentage of root segments bearing the intraradical proliferating hyphae of Glomus fistulosum at the concentrations up to 10 µmol dm^-3. The growth of hyphae was inhibited by biochanin A and luteolin whereas no significant effects of quercetin and naringenin were observed.

Effect of salicylic acid on nodulation, nitrogenous compounds and related enzymes of Vigna mungo

M.P. Ramanujam, V. Abdul Jaleel, G. Kumaravelu

Biologia plantarum 1998, 41:307-311 | DOI: 10.1023/A:1001859824008

Plants of Vigna mungo raised from seeds presoaked in salicylic acid (0.0, 0.01, 0.1 and 1.0 mM) and nodulated with the cowpea strain of Rhizobium leguminosarum were analysed 15 and 30 d after sowing. The foliar nitrate and nitrite contents were varying but soluble protein and total nitrogen contents were lower in treated than control plants. Nitrate reductase activity was increased at the two lower concentrations of 0.01 and 0.1 mM but was inhibited at the highest concentration used (1.0 mM). The number of nodules, their leghemoglobin and protein contents and nitrogenase activity of roots were reduced.

A simple and efficient method of DNA isolation from orchid species and hybrids

S.H. Lim, C.F. Liew, C.N. Lim, Y.H. Lee, C.J. Goh

Biologia plantarum 1998, 41:313-316 | DOI: 10.1023/A:1001863924917

A simple and reliable method for extracting DNA has been developed for orchid species and hybrids. The high quality of DNA obtained is suitable for amplification via the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for producing random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers.

Reuter, D.J., Robinson, B.J. (ed.): Plant Analysis: An Interpretation Manual.

P. Mader, P. Tlustoš

Biologia plantarum 1998, 41:317-318 | DOI: 10.1023/A:1001892714439

Maxted N., Ford-Lloyd B.V., Hawkes J.G. (ed.): Plant Genetic Conservation. The in Situ Approach.

P. Pyšek

Biologia plantarum 1998, 41:318-319 | DOI: 10.1023/A:1001844815348

Page, C.N.: The Ferns of Britain and Ireland, 2nd Edition.

P. Havlíček

Biologia plantarum 1998, 41:319-320 | DOI: 10.1023/A:1001849016256