Studies on the abscission of flowers and fruits of cotton (Gossypium barbadense L.)

S. Chatterjee

Biologia plantarum 1977, 19:81-87 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02926740

Effects of exogenous application of auxin, GA3, abscisic acid, ethrel, methionine and α-alanine to the cut ends of the pedicels of flower buds, flowers and fruits on their abscission behaviour were studied. Fruit pedicels required more time for abscission compared with flower and flower bud pedicels. NAA inhibited abscission of all types of pedicels and the inhibition was maximum in matured fruit pedicels and minimum in flower bud pedicels. Flower pedicels were more sensitive towards the abscission promotive effects of GA3, abscisic acid and ±-alanine and the flower bud pedicels towards ethrel and methionine. The duration of Stage-I of...

Book review

Jana Pospíšilová

Biologia plantarum 1977, 19:87 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02926741

Comparative study of plant alcohol dehydrogenases

Sylva Leblová, Eva Perglerová, Jiřina Hlochová

Biologia plantarum 1977, 19:88-95 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02926742

Alcohol dehydrogenase was isolated both from monocotyledons and dicotyledons, some of them with proteins (bean, pea), others with lipids (rape, sunflower) and still others with sugars (rice) as reserve substances. Molecular weights of the isolated dehydrogenases ranged from 53 000 to 80 000. Plant alcohol dehydrogenases (ADH) catalyze the oxidation of ethanol as well as the reduction of acetaldehyde. pH optimum for the oxidation is in the alkaline region, for the reduction it is near neutrality. The Michaelis constants for ethanol oxidation are, with the exception of rice, higher than those for reduction of acetaldehyde. The specificity of plant ADH...

Effect of short-term geo-stimulation on the distribution of³²P in decapitated pea seedlings

S. M. Husain

Biologia plantarum 1977, 19:96-100 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02926743

Three-leaf pea (Pisum sativum L. cv. 'Alaska') seedlings were oriented horizontally and³²P was applied to leaf-2 for 6 h period, at the end of which the distribution of isotopes in the seedlings was determined. It was found that (i) isotope accumulation in the apices of the vertical and horizontal seedlings remained almost the same; (ii) on decapitation almost all the isotopes in the apex diverted to the roots in the vertical seedlings; (iii) among the horizontal seedlings³²P was retained in the hanging treated leaf and the rest moved to the roots via shoots; (iv) the dry weight of the hanging treated leaf was slightly...

The combined effect of soil salinity and CCC on dry matter accumulation and yield of wheat plants

A. I. Gabr, M. M. Sharaky, S. A. El-Ashkar

Biologia plantarum 1977, 19:101-106 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02926744

The rise in soil salinity level tended to decrease shoot dry weight, and, grain yield per plant and, to some extent, weight of I grain. This effect was usually more pronounced in the presence of CCC. On the other hand, the shoot dry weight was increased by CCC in salinity absence but the reverse at 0.8 % salinization degree. The grain yield per plant was raised by CCC in the presence or absence of salinity, particularly in the latter case. The dry matter accumulation in the shoot system (at earing stage) rather than grain yield tended to be much more affected, whether regarding the negative response to salinity or the positive one to CCC.

Book review

Vlasta Čatská

Biologia plantarum 1977, 19:106 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02926745

Ultrastructure of differentiating epidermal cells of maize root under water deficit conditions

Milada Čiamporová

Biologia plantarum 1977, 19:107-112 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02926746

The ultrastructure of differentiating epidermal cells of maize root (within the distance of 1 and 2 mm from the root body apex) were studied under conditions of non-lethal and lethal osmotic stresses of nutrient medium containing polyethylene glycol 4000, as well as regeneration of their ultrastructure following rehydration. The structural response to water deficit of the cells investigated was dependent on both the stress duration and the stage of their ontogenic development. Following non-lethal stress, in younger cells investigated (1 mm), condensation of nuclear chromatin, decrease of polyribosomes and increased density of free ribosomes in cytoplasm,...

Book review

Jiřina Slavíková

Biologia plantarum 1977, 19:112 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02926747

The effect of some ammonium salts on nitrate reductase level, onin vivo nitrate reduction and on nitrate content in excisedpisum sativum roots

J. Sahulka

Biologia plantarum 1977, 19:113-128 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02926748

The effect of some ammonium salts on nitrate reductase (NR) level, onin vivo nitrate reduction and on nitrate content was followed in the presence of nitrate in the medium, under changing experimental conditions, in excisedPisum sativum roots, and their effect was compared with that of KNO₃, Ca(NO₃)₂ and NaNO₃ at 15 mM NO₃^- concentration, i.e. at a concentration which considerably exceeded the level of saturation with nitrate with respect to nitrate reductase. The effect of ammonium salts on NR level is indirect and changes from a positive one to a strongly negative one...

Book review

Jana Pospíšilova

Biologia plantarum 1977, 19:128 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02926749

The volumes of anatomical components in leaves oftypha angustifolia L. andtypha latifolia L.

J. Pazourek

Biologia plantarum 1977, 19:129-135 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02926750

The volumes of tissues in leaves of two species ofTypha with different habitus were measured. It was found that air cavities occupy more than 50%, parenchyma about 20% and photosynthetic tissue about 10% of the total volume of the leaf. If the cavities are omitted, parenehyma amounts to approximately 50% and photosynthetic tissue to little more than 20% of the total volume of tissues. The relative volumes of tissues vary continuously from the base to the tip of the leaf. The differences between the two species studied were not large. Besides the relative volumes, the real ones of leaves and tissues were calculated.

Book review

Jarmila Solárová

Biologia plantarum 1977, 19:135 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02926751

Fluctuations of Uridine Incorporation in the Shoot Apex ofChenopodium rubrum L. during Photoperiodic Induction

Frideta Seidlová

Biologia plantarum 1977, 19:136-141 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02926752

Uridine incorporation into the shoot apex of the short-day plantChenopodium rubrum was investigated during a 16 h period of darkness and the following transfer to light. Uridine incorporation during this single inductive cycle was compared to incorporation under non-inductive conditions of continuous light. After transfer of the plants from light to darkness RNA synthesis was reduced to about half after the first two hours. This occurred not only when the plants were precultivated in continuous light but also after an interruption of the dark period by light for 31/2 h. The low level of uridine incorporation was maintained for the whole duration...

Book review

T. Gichner

Biologia plantarum 1977, 19:141 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02926753

Effects of exogenous cytokinins on flowering of the short-day plantChenopodium rubrum L.

J. Krekule, Frideta Seidlová

Biologia plantarum 1977, 19:142-149 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02926754

Kinetin at a concentration from 3.10^-6 M to 1.10^-3 M was applied to the plumule ofChenopodium rubrum plants during photoperiodic induction. Different levels of induction were compared (one and three short days). The higher concentrations of kinetin applied to induced plants inhibited flower formation. The rate of leaf initiation was increased under these treatments. Lower concentrations of kinetin (from 3.10^-6 M to 1.10^-5 M) usually promoted lateral bud formation and flowering. The step-wise application of kinetin revealed that the inhibitory effect on flowering had been restricted to the inductive...

Book review

P. Bartoš

Biologia plantarum 1977, 19:149 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02926755

Book review

J. Velemínský

Biologia plantarum 1977, 19:152 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02926757

Book reviews

Věra Balatková, J. Tupý, A. Kotyk, J. Brčák, Z. Šesták, Ingrid Tichá

Biologia plantarum 1977, 19:158-160 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02926760

A macerating ammonium oxalate fixative and schedule for some root meristems

C. B. S. R. Sharma, B. B. Panda, R. K. Sahu

Biologia plantarum 1977, 19:150-152 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02926756

0.25 % ammonium oxalate in a mixture of ethyl alcohol, chloroform, formaldehyde, acetic acid and hydrochloric acid works as a very fast and efficient macerating fixative for the root meristems ofAllium cepa, Allium sativum, Ornithogalum thyrsoides, Pisum sativum andVicia faba. Slicing the tip region of excised meristems hastens spindle poison pretreatment, fixation and staining. Owing to the dissolution of the middle lamella and eliminating a physical barrier to permeability an extremely rapid fixation and staining schedule involving several stains has thus been developed.

The very low mutagenic activity of sodium azide inArabidopsis thaliana

T. Gichner, J. Velemínský

Biologia plantarum 1977, 19:153-155 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02926758

Sodium azide, reported to be a strong mutagen in barley, revealed a very weak mutagenic activity inArabidopsis.

Growth and nitrogen fixation of unicellular blue-green algaaphanothece castagnei

P. K. Singh

Biologia plantarum 1977, 19:156-157 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02926759

The alga occurring in rice fields grew in nitrogen-free medium and fixed Ca. 1.5 rng nitrogen per 50 ml of culture in 30 to 35 d of incubation period.