Book review

V. Našinec

Biologia plantarum 1981, 23:97 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02878411

Book review

P. Makovec

Biologia plantarum 1981, 23:109 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02878414

Book review

J. Váňa

Biologia plantarum 1981, 23:115 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02878416

Book review

B. Slavík

Biologia plantarum 1981, 23:140 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02878421

The effect of metals on isolated pea pyruvate decarboxylase

Sylva Leblová, J. Valík

Biologia plantarum 1981, 23:81 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02878407

Pyruvate decarboxylase (PDC) was prepared from four-day-old pea seedlings by a procedure which involves extraction of plant material with a phosphate buffer, fractionation of the extract with ammonium sulphate, desalting by dialysis or gel filtration on Sephadex G-25 column, chromatography on DEAE cellulose and filtration on Sepharose 4B. The PDC preparation activity 10 000 U g^-1 protein was about 600 fold higher than that of the sodium phosphate buffer extract. According to the enzyme behaviour during the gel filtration on different carriers the molecular mass of pea PDS was estimated at about 10⁶. Magnesium ions and thiamine...

Free proline accumulation and drought resistance inCicer arietinum L.

G. Singh, V. K. Rai

Biologia plantarum 1981, 23:86-90 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02878408

Two cultivara ofCicer arietinum L. with different sensitivity to drought in the early vegetative stage were compared for their capacity to accumulate proline when subjected to water stress. Both shoots and roots of the two selected cultivara accumulated proline under water stress and this effect increased with increase of water stress level. A high positive correlation between free proline and water saturation deficit (WSD) was recorded while these two factors were negatively correlated to the dry weight of the shoot. Also effects of duration of stress on proline accumulation patterns in relation to drought resistance have been shown.

Book review

V. Škrdleta

Biologia plantarum 1981, 23:90 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02878409

Ontogeny and histochemistry of axillary bud inMurraya koenigii L. spreng

T. K. Prasad, Y. S. Dave, P. M. Mehta

Biologia plantarum 1981, 23:91-97 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02878410

Histochemical localization of total proteins, histories, nucleic acids, ascorbic acid and polysaccharides in the developing axillary bud ofMurraya koenigii and its vascular relationship with the main axis are investigated. All the above variable metabolites are richly distributed throughout the bud development. The shell zone is indicative of poor distribution of these metabolites. Histochemical tests prove that the axillary bud is metabolically very active. The initiation of the axillary bud is in the axil of the 2nd leaf where two cells of 2nd tunica layer become prominent and undergo periclinal divisions to give rise to the bud. The bud maintains...

Growth characteristics and proline content in relation to water status in twoZea mays L. Cultivars during rehydration

P. S. Thakur, V. K. Rai

Biologia plantarum 1981, 23:98-103 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02878412

Growth behaviour, proline changes and water saturation deficit (WSD) changes were studied in two maize cultivars, Agati-76, a drought resistant oultivar, and cv. Vijay, a susceptible one after stress conditions were removed. Plants of both the cultivars showed a tendency to recover during rehydration. Phenotypically the plants appeared just normal on 7th day of rehydration, although recovery was never complete. Significant positive correlation existed between free proline content and concomitant change in water saturation deficit. Significantly higher proline content in cv. Agati-76 was reoorded in cv. Vijay, immediately after the stress was released,...

A model of frequency and distribution of mutations among genetically effective initials in the plant shoot apex

Jiřina Relichová

Biologia plantarum 1981, 23:104-109 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02878413

In an embryo shoot apex more different mutations may be induced after the mutagenic treatment of seeds. These mutations may be distributed among the apical initial cells in different ways. According to the proposed mathematical model it is possible to estimate the proportion of initial cells with 0, 1, 2, …,x mutations in the apioes with a given number of initials,k, which is characteristic for each plant object, and under a certain number of induced mutations per apex,n, determined by the conditions of the mutagenio treatment. Owing to the disadvantage of multimutations in plant breeding it is possible according to the...

The role of auxin stored in scots pine trunk during spring activation of cambial activity

Stefania Egierszdorff

Biologia plantarum 1981, 23:110-115 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02878415

In a 9-year-old pine girdled during the winter cambial activity was observed below the girdle in the next spring. This indicates that cambial activity was initiated without auxin produced in the spring by buds. The auxin produced in apical shoots successively flows down the stem, where as a result of periodic restriction in transport it remains over the winter till the next year. This auxin of apical origin but locally stored over the winter in the stem is responsible for the activation of cambium before the new flow of auxin produced in the apical meristems arrives. Calculations based on seasonal changes in auxin levels can explain both, earlier spring...

The effect of phenylacetic acid on ethylene formation in wheat seedlings

Ivana Macháčková, L. Chvojka, V. Našinec, Z. Zmrhal

Biologia plantarum 1981, 23:116-119 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02878417

Phenylacetic acid (PAA) was found to induce ethylene formation in wheat coleoptile segments. In its most effective concentration (0.5 mM) PAA was by approximately 60 % less active than 0.1 mM indole-3-acetic acid (IAA). PAA-induced ethylene formation was stimulated with 0.1 mM L-methionine by 24 % and totally inhibited by 2.5 and 5 μ gml^-1 aminoethoxyvinylglycin (AVG) and 10 μg ml^-1 cycloheximide. Cyoloheximide in lower concentration (5 μg ml^-1) and actinomycin D (10 μg ml^-1) inhibited PAA-induced ethylene formation by 50 % and 40 %, respectively.
After the simultaneous addition of...

Accumulation of phenolics and growth rate of barley seedlings (Hordeum vulgare L.)

A. Podstolski, Joanna Sznajder, Grazyna Wichowska

Biologia plantarum 1981, 23:120-127 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02878418

Accumulation of phenolics in barley seedlings was examined in relation to elongation; the seedlings were cultivated at 5 °C or 26 °C in light or in darkness. It was found that a higher accumulation of phenolics (mainly saponarin) was accompanied by slower elongation. This relation was repeatedly observed regardless of whether growth retardation or stimulation was obtained by light and temperature conditions of growth or treatment with CCO orp-fluorophenylalanine (p-FPA), respectively. It is proposed that PAL and peroxidase activities are responsible for maintaining the level of phenolics in seedlings. These enzyme activities are differently...

Biosynthesis of nucleic acids in pea (Pisum sativum L.) buds released of dominance

M. Jablanović, Jelena Petrović

Biologia plantarum 1981, 23:128-132 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02878419

Biosynthesis of nucleic acids in the pea buds released from apical dominance by decapitation has been studied.
The rate of biosynthesis of all nucleic acid classes separated by means of methylated albuminkieselgur (MAK) column chromatography was found to be increased in released pea buds as judged by the extent of orotic-6-¹⁴C acid incorporation. This increase has been observed in all experimental points examined (15, 24, 36 and 48 h after decapitation), being the most pronounced 15 h after decapitation. After that a certain decrease of the specific radioactivities of nucleic acids has been registered, but even 48 h after decapitation...

Proteolytic activities in seeds ofVigna unguiculata (L.) Walp

Iracema L. Ainouz, Norma B. Benevides, Ana L. P. Feeitas

Biologia plantarum 1981, 23:133-140 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02878420

Proteolytic activities were studied in cotyledons of germinated and mature dry seed and axis of mature dry seed ofVigna unguiculata (L.) Walp. cv. Seridó using the following substrates: hemoglobin (pH 3.5), casein (pH 6.0), LPA (pH 7.0), and BAPA (pH 7.6). During the germination period (six days) examined, the total activities of LPA-ase and BAPA-ase decreased progressively in cotyledons corresponding to protein depletion. Consequently, the specific activities of the above proteases remain practically constant. In the case of caseinase and hemoglobinase, total activities increased in the cotyledons up to the third day of germination. Thereafter...

Activities of enzymes of polyphenol metabolism inPhaseolus aureus seedlings germinated in the presence of 2-Chloroethylphosphonic acid

Y. K. Arora, K. L. Bajaj

Biologia plantarum 1981, 23:141-144 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02878422

The plant growth regulator 2-ohloroethylphosphonic acid inhibited the elongation of growth inPhaseolus aureus seedlings. In comparison to the control, the polyphenol oxidase and peroxidase activity of treated seedlings was low up to 24 and 48 h of germination, respectively and that of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase and tyrosine ammonia-lyase was slightly less at 120 h and that of α- and β-glucosidases were less at 48 and 72 h, respectively. At other stages of germination, it greatly stimulated the activities of these enzymes.