Metabolic responses of etiolated rice (Oryza sativa L.) seedlings to streptomycin

S. Mukherji, A. Bag

Biologia plantarum 1977, 19:161-165 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02923102

This paper reports experiments performed to investigate the influence of various concentrations of streptomycin sulphate on a few parameters of importance in the metabolism of rice (Oryza sativa L.) seedlings. It was shown that respiration rate was accelerated by streptomycin. The specific activities of catalase and peroxidase decreased whereas IAA oxidase increased with increasing streptomycin concentrations. Increased activities of all these enzymes were apparent on a dry weight basis suggesting increased succulence caused by streptomycin treatment. There was a considerable rise in the water soluble protein content following streptomycin application....

Book review

Ingrid Tichá

Biologia plantarum 1977, 19:165 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02923103

The effect of 2,4-dinitrophenol on the absorption and translocation of calcium by pumpkin plants

Olga Votrubová-Vaňousová

Biologia plantarum 1977, 19:166-172 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02923104

The study deals with the absorption and translocation of Ca²⁺ by án intact plant of pumpkinCucurbita pepo L. and with the effect of various concentrations of 2,4-dinitrophenol (DNP) on these processes. The absorption of Ca²⁺ was reduced by the application of this inhibitor, but not completely stopped. The translocation of Ca²⁺ into shoots was affected more expressively: it was almost completely inhibited by higher DNP concentrations. The uptake of Rb⁺ is aubstantially more influeneed than that of Ca²⁺: higher inhibitor concentrations caused its complete cessation.

Book review

Ingrid Tichá

Biologia plantarum 1977, 19:172 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02923105

Combination of the mutation process with the sensitization and repair processes leading to increased frequencies of mutations in algal populations

J. Nečas

Biologia plantarum 1977, 19:173-182 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02923106

The possibility of using a combination of the mutation process with the induction of the repair processes has been studied to increase the mutation frequencies in algal populations after UV-treatment. From this study it follows that the repair process induced by visible light is much more effective than the dark repair processes in the chlorococcal algae used. In these algae, visible light perhaps does not induce only those repair processes which affect their DNA, but probably also some recovery ones which affect their damaged structures and physiological functions. A suitable combination of the sensitization of algal cells by a DNA-base analogue before...

Book review

Ingrid Tichá

Biologia plantarum 1977, 19:182 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02923107

Proteinase inhibitors in meal ofAnacardium occidentale seeds

J. Xavieb Filho, Iracbma L. Ainouz

Biologia plantarum 1977, 19:183-189 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02923108

Trypsin and chymotrypsin inhibiting activities were detected in a "crude inhibitor" fraction of a lipid free cashew nut (Anacardium occidentale L.) meal. Both activities were shown to be heat resistant and not affected by pepsin at pH 3.0. Molecular weight distribution of tho trypsin inhibiting activity is similar to the known range of molecular weights for trypsin inhibitors of plant origin.
A "crude extract" of the cashew nut meal was shown to contain strong L-leucine-p-nitro-anilide and moderately strong α-N-benzoyl-DL-arginine-p-nitroanilide hydrolyzing activities. This last activity was strongly inhibited by the "crude inhibitor"...

Book review

Ingrid Tichá

Biologia plantarum 1977, 19:189 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02923109

The regulation of lactate dehydrogenase activity in soy-bean seedlings

Jana Barthová, Naděźda Wilhelmová, Sylva Leblová

Biologia plantarum 1977, 19:190-195 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02923110

An electrophoretically homogeneous lactate dehydrogenase was isolated from soybean seedlings, the specific activity of which was approximately 1800 times higher than the crude extract. From the dependence of the rate of reaction catalyzed by lactate dehydrogenase on substrate concentration, Michaelis constants and Hill coefficients were determined for four natural substrates,i.e. lactate, pyruvate, NAD and NADH. The enzyme from soy-bean plants is non-competitively inhibited by oxalate and mesoxalate,i.e. by the compounds analogous to the substrate. At pyruvate concentrations above 0.8 mM, the rate of reaction catalyzed by lactate dehydrogenase...

Book review

T. Gichner

Biologia plantarum 1977, 19:195 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02923111

Experience with the diagnostics and purification of plum pox virus

Liana Albrechtová, J. Chod, J. Polák

Biologia plantarum 1977, 19:196-204 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02923112

Some diagnostic methods devised for the demonstration of the presence of plum pox virus in plum (Prunus domestica L.) and apricot (Armeniaca vulgarisLam.) leaves were examined. The method of radial diffusion in agar can be recommended as the simplest and the least time consuming method which can be used during the entire vegetation period. In order to obtain antisera, some preparation methods of PPV antigen were verified. The best preparation method was a modification of Van Oosten's method in which HEPES buffer pH 6.7 was used for the homogenization-of leaves from infectedNicotiana clevelandiiGray plants and for the solution of...

Changes in the content of endogenous auxins in apical buds ofchenopodium rubrum L. Induced with respect to the endogenous rhythm in capacity to flower

Lola Teltscherová, Libtxše Pavlová, Dagmar Pleskotová

Biologia plantarum 1977, 19:205-211 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02923113

The content of endogenous auxins was examined in apical buds ofChenopodium rubrum plants induced by a photoperiodic cycle of 16h darkness and 8h light followed by a dark period of various duration so as to correspond with either maximal or minimal flowering response in the endogenous rhythm in capacity to flower initiated by the photoperiodic treatment. Apical buds of potentially generative plants contained less auxins than apical buds of plants which remained in the vegetative state. Apical buds from plants treated with kinetin (1. 10^-3 M) and therefore remaining in the vegetative state showed an auxin level comparable to that of...

Inhibition by phenolic compounds of cytokinin-stimulated betacyanin synthesis inAmaranthus caudatus

J. S. Challice

Biologia plantarum 1977, 19:212-218 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02923114

A number of phenolic compounds have been tested for ability to inhibit the cytokinin-induced synthesis of betacyanin inAmaranthus caudatus cotyledons. Under the conditions employed, the compounds responded thus: (1) no inhibition with up to 1 mg ml^-1 (quercetin 3-rhamnosylglucoside and chlorogenic acid), (2) partial or no inhibition up to 0.1 mg ml^-1 with greater inhibition at 1 mg ml^-1 (phloridzin, arbutin, caffeic acid, p-hydroxybenzoic acid and 3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine) and (3) partial or no inhibition up to 0.1 mg ml^-1 with complete, inhibition at 1 mg ml^-1 (o-coumaric,m-coumaric,p-coumaric,...

Acceleration of breaking dormancy in Jerusalem artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus L.) by the Combined Action of Anoxy and Low températures applied with respeet to the dinrnal rhythm

B. -M. Bongen-Ottoko, J. C. Courduroux

Biologia plantarum 1977, 19:219-225 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02923115

Jerusalem artiohoke (Helianthus tuberosus L. cv. D-19) dormancy is normally broken by a 16-week treatment with 4 °C. A thermoperiod of 2 °C-12 h, 8 °C-12 h allows one to reduce this time to 12 weeks. Anoxy applied at 24 °C is effective after 4 weeks. By coupling anoxy and low températures varying daily between 2 °C - 12 h and 8 °C - 12 h, the breaking of dormancy is obtained after a one-week treatment.

Evidence for ribosomal RNA synthesis in pollen tubes in culture

J. Tupý, Eva Hrabětová, Věra Balatková

Biologia plantarum 1977, 19:226-230 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02923116

The evidence is presented that pollen tubes ofNicotiana tabacum L. cultivated in shaken suspension do synthesize 5S, 18S and 28S RNA. Following incubation of pollen tubes in the presence of radioactive uracil or uridine, RNA was isolated from total pollen tube material after the removal of 4S RNA, from polysomes and from 80S ribosomal particles, and fractionated by density gradient centrifugation and MAK column chromatography. The results obtained further suggest a higher rate of 5S RNA synthesis with respect to 18S+28S RNA.

Book reviews

J. Komárek, Danuše Hodáňová

Biologia plantarum 1977, 19:238-240 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02923119

Effect of temperature on the activity of growth inhibitor-A isolated fromSuaeda leaves

T. Khizar, M. I. Khan

Biologia plantarum 1977, 19:231-233 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02923117

The inhibitor-A, isolated from the leaves of a saline soil tolerant plantSuaeda fructicosaFoRsk., is phenolic in nature, inhibits the IAA-induced growth, and is resistant towards higher temperature.

Identification of tomato bushy stunt virus in cherry and plum trees showing fruit pitting symptoms

J. B. Novák, Julie Lanzová

Biologia plantarum 1977, 19:234-237 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02923118

The fruit pitting symptoms on cherries, plums and prunes were investigated from the standpoint of their etiology. Tomato bushy stunt virus (TBSV) was isolated from pitted fruits of these plants and from their leaves and identified by means of biological and serological methods. Both isolates reacted with antisera againstPetunia and artichoke strain of this virus. In addition, the etiology of pseudopox disease of plum and that of cherry detrimental canker is discussed.