Book reviews

T. Gichner, J. Škopek

Biologia plantarum 1982, 24:182 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02883659

Book reviews

T. Gichner, R. J. Šrám, Dagmar Dykyjová

Biologia plantarum 1982, 24:238-240 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02883673

The influence of phosphate concentration on the kinetics of uptake by maize roots

I. Michalík

Biologia plantarum 1982, 24:161-169 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02883655

In an experiment with native maize roots depending on different phosphorus concentration in the external solution (0.001 … 50 mM P), the multiphasic character of the kinetics of phosphate uptake has been stated. The single phases are characterized by the different values of K_m and V_max. In the wide range of concentrations the isotherm of the phosphate uptake has five evident phases. The character of kinetics for the uptake of phosphate is analogical to the kinetics of the enzymatic reactions described by the Michaelis-Menten equation. On the other hand the linear dependence for the inactivated root was determined,i.e....

Effect of GA₃ and AMPs on the activities and electrophoretic patterns of acid and alkaline phosphatases in relation to flowering ofImpatiens balsamina L.

R. Sharma, S. Kumar, K. K. Nanda

Biologia plantarum 1982, 24:170 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02883657

GA₃, cyclic AMP as well as 3'-AMP and 5'-AMP induced the formation of floral buds inImpatiens balsamina under strictly non-inductive photoperiods. While photoperiods and treatments with GA₃ or AMPs did not much affect acid phosphatase activity, AMPs increased the activity of alkaline phosphatase both in the stem and the leaves under both photoperiods. The phosphatase activity of the water- and GA₃-treated plants under inductive photoperiods was higher than that of the plants of the respective treatments under non-inductive photoperiods. GA₃ as well as all the three AMPs induced both in the stem and...

Stimulation of Root Formation onImpatiens balsamina L. cuttings by coumarin and the associated biochemical changes

Rupa S. Dhawan, K. K. Nanda

Biologia plantarum 1982, 24:177-182 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02883658

Coumarin-caused stimulation of rooting of cuttings ofImpatiens balsamina L. is associated with an increase in the endogenous contents of carbohydrates, total phenols and proteins. Peroxidase, IAA oxidase and polyphenol oxidase activities also increased in coumarin treated cuttings at the time of cell division preceding primordia formation (6-12 h after treatment). Coumarin effect on rooting as well as on related biochemical changes resembles the effect of auxins in some ways.

Regulation of nitrate reductase by chloramphenicol in the leaves of Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper (Black-gram)

R. C. Srivastava, Bandana Bose, R. D. Tripathi, D. Mukerji, S. N. Mathur

Biologia plantarum 1982, 24:183-187 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02883660

Chloramphenicol has been found to inhibit nitrate reductase activity in black-gram leaves. It inhibitsin vivo nitrate reductase activity up to 50-67%, and the catalytic property of the enzyme up to a maximum of 70-98%. Modulators, such as KNO₃, NADH and HCO₃ could not protect enzyme inhibition by chloramphenicol. It is suggested that the chloramphenicol inhibition is mainly through its effect on the catalytic process of the enzyme.

Peroxidase activity and isoenzyme patterns in wheat during ontogenesis

Hana Bartošová, Ivana Macháčková, Z. Zmrhal

Biologia plantarum 1982, 24:188-194 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02883661

Protein content, total and specific peroxidase activity and isoperoxidase patterns were determined in crude protein preparations from individual parts of field-grown wheat (Triticum aestivum L., cv. Jubilar). Protein content in roots, leaves, and stalks increased at the beginning of ontogenesis and then decreased from 6th, 9th, and 10th development phase (according to Feekes), respectively. Steady increase of the protein content in the ears was observed.
Highest peroxidase activity was found in the roots; it diminished from the onset of ontogenesis till maturity of the plants. In the leaves and stalks a slight decrease of peroxidase activity...

Cone induction with gibberellin for taxonomic studies inCupressaceae andTaxodiaceae

K. A. Longman, Janet Dick, C. N. Page

Biologia plantarum 1982, 24:195-201 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02883663

Individual specimen trees (or replicated clonal material) of 33 species and hybrids in theCupressaceae andTaxodiaceae were injected with gibberellic acid (GA₃) solutions, to test the general applicability of cone induction techniques developed forThuja plicata. Reproductive material for taxonomic study was subsequently available in 82% of treated taxa, compared with 39% of untreated. The latter generally produced small numbers of male or female cones, but both were formed in abundance in half the hormone-treated taxa. Eleven species and hybrids are reported for the first time as responding to GA₃.

Characterization of DNA of the alga Chlamydomonas geitleri Ettl

K. Tetík, S. Zadrazil

Biologia plantarum 1982, 24:202-210 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02883665

Preparations of total DNA isolated from algal cells ofChlamydomonas geitleri were characterized by routine methods (UV-spectra, thermal denaturation, sedimentation analysis, centrifugation in CsCl density gradients). In this way, the fundamental physicochemical characteristics, undetermined for this alga up to now, have been attained.
The comparison of the characteristics of the preparations of DNA showed that during isolation it was more convenient to prefer procedures that use the lysis of cells. A mechanical disintegration may sometimes lead to the degradation of the macromolecules of DNA.
The ascertained characteristics of DNA in the...

Esterase variation and its association with morphological variation of seedling shoot and root systems in spring barley mutants

A. Kalinowski, A. G. Górny, Z. Kaczmaeek

Biologia plantarum 1982, 24:211 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02883666

Esterase variation in shoot and root systems of ten-days seedlings of spring barley mutant lines was investigated. By an electrofocusing method it was found that some regions of the esterase activity were specific for the first leaf and for the root system of seedlings. Results showed the absence of close relationships between the morphological and esterase variation. Low negative correlations were only obtained for the root system parameters.

Electrolyte leakage in relation to viral and abiotic stresses inducing necrosis in cowpea leaves

S. Pennazio, C. Sapetti

Biologia plantarum 1982, 24:218-225 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02883667

Different types of stress, such as hypersensitive reaction to viruses or necrotic response induced by chemical and mechanical injuries, caused similar patterns in early electrolyte leakage from discs of cowpea leaves. The electrolyte leakage, suggestive of permeability alterations, always occurred in advance of cell death. Altered permeability can therefore be considered as an aspecific response to stress and a marker of necrogenesis. No correlation was found between permeability alterations and the mechanism for virus localization, the main characteristic of the hypersensitive reaction, because tobacco rattle virus induced similar alterations in either...

Time course of foliar absorption of water inPanicum andPaspalum

A. G. Suárez, J. Gloser

Biologia plantarum 1982, 24:226-230 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02883669

The leaves of two tropical grasses (Panicum maximum Jacq. andPaspalum notatum Flügge) recovered from water deficit within 1 to 3 h after surface wetting. No substantial differences were found in absorption activity of abaxial and adaxial leaf epidermes between apical and basal parts of a leaf blade, or between leaves of different age.

Developments in Biophysical Research

Hana Dlouhá K. Janáček

Biologia plantarum 1982, 24:169 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02883656

Biology of Inorganic Nitrogen and Sulfur

Marie Králová

Biologia plantarum 1982, 24:194 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02883662

Control of Shoot Growth in Trees. Proceedings of the joint workshop of International Union of Forest Research Organizations (IUFRO) working parties on Xylem Physiology and Shoot Growth Physiology, held in Fredericton, July 20--24, 1980.

J. Krekule

Biologia plantarum 1982, 24:201 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02883664

Thonner's Analytical Key to the Families of Flowering Plants

M. Rejmánek

Biologia plantarum 1982, 24:225 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02883668

Pharmazeutische Biologie

F. Starý

Biologia plantarum 1982, 24:230 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02883670

Changes in the content of endogenous IAA and cytokinins in cotyledons of etiolated pea seedlings during their ontogenesis

J. Šebánek, M. Kutáček, Hoang Minh Tan, H. U. Ahmad

Biologia plantarum 1982, 24:231-234 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02883671

The inhibitive growth-correlative effect of cotyledons of pea seedlings decreases during their ontogenesis till the age of 14 days. This decrease is associated with an increase in the level of endogenous cytokinins on the one hand and a decrease of endogenous IAA on the other. This is in harmony with the fact that the correlative-inhibiting effect of pea cotyledon upon the growth of its axillary bud can be weakened by exogenous cytokinin and amplified by exogenous IAA.

Multiple shoot formation from almond embryos

S. Hisajima

Biologia plantarum 1982, 24:235-238 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02883672

Stimulation of multiple shoot formation from almond embryos using 6-benzylaminopurine was studied. Maximum shoot numbers and shoot growth were obtained with 2.5 μM in the growth medium. Continuous multiple shoot formation from cut shoots was also achieved.