Morphological differentiation in callus cultures of lavandin: a role of ethylene

M. Panizza, A. Mensuali-Sodi, F. Tognoni

Biologia plantarum 1997, 39:481-489 | DOI: 10.1023/A:1000993426917

The involvement of ethylene in shoot formation in vitro was studied in one year old lavandin (Lavandula officinalis Chaix x Lavandula latifoliaVillars) callus. A peak in ethylene evolution characterized thenon-regenerating leaf callus line, as compared to the shoot-forming calyxcallus line, on the growth medium provided with 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (1 mg dm-3) and kinetin (0.5 mg dm-3). After one year in culture, calyxcallus attained the capacity to grow on auxin-reduced media, showing decreased ethylene production and faster shoot bud emergence, when transferred onto the regeneration medium, supplemented with 10 mg dm^-3 benzyladenine....

Polyamine Uptake and Translocation in Plants

R.K. Kakkar, V.K. Rai, P.K. Nagar

Biologia plantarum 1997, 39:481-491 | DOI: 10.1023/A:1001763515490

Recently, evidence has increased for both long- and short-distance transport of polyamines (PAs) in living organisms, but the mechanisms involved and physiological significance of PAs translocation are still not well understood. This review deals with various aspects of polyamine uptake and transport in higher plant tissues.

P. Mathis (ed.): Photosynthesis: from Light to Biosphere

N. Wilhelmová

Biologia plantarum 1997, 39:490 | DOI: 10.1023/A:1000999303235

Effect of irradiance and spectral composition of radiation on in vitro shoot proliferation in Malus domestica Borkh

N. Noè, T. Eccher, L. Bonini

Biologia plantarum 1997, 39:491-497 | DOI: 10.1023/A:1000910310987

Four clones of Malus domestica Borkh. cv. Golden Delicious - namely Smoothee, Crielaard, Reinders and Golden B - were cultured in vitro from single-node microcuttings placed on solid medium under irradiance (PPFD) of 50 µmol m-2 s-1. After 9 months an average shoot proliferation of 5.3 was achieved; Crielaard showed the highest rate (7.1), followed by Golden B(5.4), Smoothee and Reinders (4.4). Proliferating shoots were then exposed to higher PPFD (80 µmol m-2 s-1) and different spectral composition of radiation using PMMA-B and PMMA-R/FR filters. High PPFD decreased the average proliferation rate to 4.5, in particular in Crielaard and...

Hansen, E., Harper, G. (ed.): Differentially Expressed Genes in Plants: A Bench Manual

J. Bříza

Biologia plantarum 1997, 39:492 | DOI: 10.1023/A:1001777825485

Biosynthesis of 5-aminolevulinic Acid via the Shemin Pathway in a Green Sugar Beet Callus

B. Bisbis, J.P. Billard, C. Huault, C. Kevers, F. Le Dily, T. Gaspar

Biologia plantarum 1997, 39:493-497 | DOI: 10.1023/A:1001784616399

5-Aminolevulinic acid synthase (ALAS) has been detected in a normal (auxin- and cytokinin-dependent) green sugar beet callus under light and under darkness. ALAS activity was lower when the callus was grown under light. The supply of precursors of the Shemin pathway (glycine and succinate) to dark-grown callus enhanced considerably the capacity of the 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) formation. Glutamate, γ-aminobutyrate or α-ketoglutarate also increased ALA accumulation. Such an accumulation was also obtained after inhibition of polyamine synthesis. The results show that glutamate or its derivatives might feed the Shemin pathway in conditions...

Josephy, P.D.: Molecular Toxicology

T. Gichner

Biologia plantarum 1997, 39:498 | DOI: 10.1023/A:1000951420074

Nicolini, C. (ed.): Genome Structure and Function. From Chromosomes Characterization to Genes Technology

T. Gichner

Biologia plantarum 1997, 39:498 | DOI: 10.1023/A:1001730009555

Francl, L.J., Neher, D.A.(ed.): Exercises in Plant Disease Epidemiology

L. Šindelář

Biologia plantarum 1997, 39:498 | DOI: 10.1023/A:1001782026394

Development of shoot primordia in tissue culture of Papaver somniferum L.

M. Ovečka, M. Bobák, J. Šamaj

Biologia plantarum 1997, 39:499-506 | DOI: 10.1023/A:1000962327826

The first step during shoot primordia development in Papaver somniferum L. was the differentiation of globular meristemoids, resulting from localized cell division in callus tissue. During meristemoid maturation differences observed were in mitotic activity, cytoplasmic density, starch distribution, and in cell size, cell shape, and nucleus size to cell size ratio between peripheral and central meristemoid cells. Cell specialization within the meristemoids is a prerequisite for shoot primordia development.

In vitro regeneration of onion through repetitive somatic embryogenesis

M.M. Saker

Biologia plantarum 1997, 39:499-506 | DOI: 10.1023/A:1001788700469

A reliable protocol for the regeneration of onion through repetitive somatic embryogenesis was established. Embryogenic callus was derived from mature seeds on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 2 mg dm-3 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D). Somatic embryos aroused on the surface of calli cultures and formed plantlets after the removal of 2,4-D or its substitution with 1 mg dm-3 kinetin (Kin). Reculturing the somatic embryos on 2,4-D containing medium led to secondary embryos formation. The embryogenic cultures which were preserved for five months on maintenance medium containing 2 mg dm-3 2,4-D + 0.5 mg dm-3 Kin have retained their...

Biochemical differences between normal callus and embryogenic suspensor mass of silver fir

J. Hřib, B. Vooková, A. Kormuťák

Biologia plantarum 1997, 39:507-513 | DOI: 10.1023/A:1000914411896

Normal callus and embryogenic suspensor mass (ESM) were induced from the same immature embryo of Abies alba Mill. These two tissues were found to differ in their isoenzyme patterns of peroxidase, glutamate dehydrogenaseand non-specific esterase and in their requirement for myo-inositol inculture medium.

Production of Transgenic Kidney Bean Shoots by Electroporation of Intact Cells

M. M. Saker, T. Kühne

Biologia plantarum 1997, 39:507-514 | DOI: 10.1023/A:1001740817308

We obtained transformed bean shoots by electroporation of intact bean cells with the plasmid pDPG165 containing bar gene conferring herbicide resistance to plants. Transformed shoots were selected from electroporated callus on herbicide containing media. Data of molecular analysis (PCR and Southern blotting) confirmed the insertion of bar gene in the genome of herbicide resistant shoots. Detailed procedures for obtaining regenerative bean callus, optimization of electroporation of intact cells and transgenic shoots are given.

Roy, J., Garnier, E. (ed.): A Whole Plant Perspective on Carbon-Nitrogen Interactions

V. Čatská

Biologia plantarum 1997, 39:514 | DOI: 10.1023/A:1000903504144

In vitro plant regeneration via callogenesis and organogenesis in Bambusa vulgaris

G.R. Rout, P. Das

Biologia plantarum 1997, 39:515-522 | DOI: 10.1023/A:1000966428734

Friable calli were induced from mature excised shoots of Bambusa vulgaris on Murashige and Skoog's (MS) medium supplemented with 2.2 µM6-benzylamino-purine (BAP), 9.04 µM 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid and 14.76 µM indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) with 3 % (m/v) saccharose. Adventitious shoots with root hairs were achieved from calli on MS medium supplemented with 13.33 µM BAP and 1.23 - 2.46 µM IBA within 4 weeks of subculture. The frequency of shoot bud regeneration was better in the light incubated cultures than in the dark incubated cultures. Isolated shoots were rooted on liquid half-strength MS basal medium supplemented...

In vitro multiplication of Beta vulgaris L. throughout excised shoot tips

M.R. Rady

Biologia plantarum 1997, 39:515-522 | DOI: 10.1023/A:1001792818216

The excised shoot tips of Beta vulgaris L. cvs. Ras poly, Gala and Lola were inoculated aseptically on Murashige and Skoog's (MS) medium with 0.25 mg dm-3 α-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) and 1.00 mg dm-3 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP). They produced multiple shoots at relatively high frequency. For shoot multiplication, a concentration of 1.00 mg dm-3 NAA and 0.25 mg dm-3 BA in the culture medium was found to be optimum for all the cultivars. MS medium supplemented with 3.0 mg dm-3 3-indolebutyric acid (IBA) and 0.02 mg dm-3 N-isopentenylaminopurine (2ip) was found most effective for rooting of micropropagated shoots. In vitro produced plantlets were...

Pre-replication recovery from methyl methanesulphonate induced chromosomal damage in Vicia faba seeds

G. Murín, K. Mičieta

Biologia plantarum 1997, 39:523-529 | DOI: 10.1023/A:1000918512805

Vicia faba seeds were treated with methyl methanesulphonate (MMS) and stored at 50 % water content for 0, 14 and 28 d. This water content prolongs the period between the mutagenic treatment and the onset of DNA synthesis. Storage of seeds after mutagen treatment at the selected water content led to a significant decrease in DNA damage, manifested as a reduction in the frequency of chromosomal aberrations.

Somatic embryogenesis in Abies alba × Abies alba and Abies alba × Abies nordmanniana hybrids

B. Vooková, A. Gajdošová, R. Matúšová

Biologia plantarum 1997, 39:523-530 | DOI: 10.1023/A:1001796902286

Maturation and germination of somatic embryos of hybrids A. alba × A. alba and A. alba × A. nordmanniana were followed by protein analysis of single embryogenic -suspensor masses (ESM) and analysis of storage protein accumulation during somatic embryo development. Very important step was one week pre-cultivation of ESM on medium with polyethylene glycol (PEG) and abscisic acid (ABA). Low osmotic potential of maturation medium and addition of ABA supported development of somatic embryo. Also partial drying of somatic embryo during following three weeks was needed for its normal development. In spite of morphologically fully developed, the somatic embryos...

Zonneveld, I.S.: Land Ecology

P. Pyšek

Biologia plantarum 1997, 39:530 | DOI: 10.1023/A:1000955520982

Construction of intergeneric somatic hybrids between Brassica oleracea and Armoracia rusticana

B. Navrátilová, J. Bůžek, J. Široký, P. Havránek

Biologia plantarum 1997, 39:531-541 | DOI: 10.1023/A:1000970529643

Somatic hybridization of Brassica oleracea (cauliflower, cabbage, kohlrabi) and Armoracia rusticana (horseradish) protoplasts was performed to test the possibility of the formation of intergeneric hybrids. Out of three B. oleracea crops tested only cauliflower (B. oleracea var. botrytis) yielded viable hybrids when fused with horseradish protoplasts. Regenerated plants were asymmetric hybrids as revealed by morphological, karyological, and DNA analysis. In these plants, extensive elimination of A. rusticana genome occurred during subsequent cultivation. Using a chloroplast DNA probe no A. rusticana-specific hybridization signals were detected thus...

Activity of β-glucuronidase in Root Tips of Different Types of Transgenic Sugar Beet Plants

S. Vitha, J.P. Phillips, J.S. Gartland, K.M.A. Gartland, K. Beneš, M.C. Elliott

Biologia plantarum 1997, 39:531-541 | DOI: 10.1023/A:1001749119125

Expression of the β-glucuronidase (GUS) reporter gene driven by the CaMV 35S, rolC, nos and mas promoters was assessed in the tips of 12 independent clones of transgenic sugar beet (Beta vulgaris) roots. Three questions were addressed: 1) expression pattern specific for a given promoter, 2) expression pattern variability, and 3) relationship between gene expression and cell differentiation. Characteristic patterns of tissue-specific expression were distinguished for each promoter. Striking differences, however, were found between some clones, bearing the same construct. Statistical analysis of the pattern variability proved that the variability...

Bhojwani, S.S., Razdan, M.K.: Plant Tissue Culture: Theory and Practice

J. Pospíšilová

Biologia plantarum 1997, 39:542 | DOI: 10.1023/A:1000907605053

Robert, P.C., Rust, R.H., Larson, W.E. (ed.): Site Specific Management for Agricultural Systems

J. Šroller

Biologia plantarum 1997, 39:542 | DOI: 10.1023/A:1001734110464

Identification of wild and cultivated Hordeum species using two-primer RAPD fragments

P.V. Reddy, K.M. Soliman

Biologia plantarum 1997, 39:543-552 | DOI: 10.1023/A:1000922613713

Random amplified polymorphic DNAs (RAPD) analysis has been adapted to assess the degree of RAPD polymorphism within the genus Hordeum to determine if this approach can distinguish wild and cultivated species. Nineteen wild and seven cultivated accessions were evaluated using 4 random 10-mer primers. The potential of the RAPD assay was further increased by combining two primers in a single polymerase chain reaction (PCR). RAPD fragments generated by two pairs of arbitrary 10-mer primers discriminated six wild species and one cultivated species by banding profiles. The size of the amplified DNA fragments ranged from 150 to 2300 base pairs. 33 %percent...

DNA Polymorphism among Rice Somaclones

H. Banerjee, V. Chimote, S.K. Raina

Biologia plantarum 1997, 39:543-553 | DOI: 10.1023/A:1001701203195

Molecular markers were used to detect the influence of high concentrations of 2,4 dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) in the callusing media on DNA variations in regenerated rice plants. Restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP), random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) based RFLP analysis were carried out on 12 somaclones of Oryza sativa L. cv. B-370. In vitro culture induced DNA variations were detected in the regenerated plants but the effect of high auxin concentration in the medium could not be revealed. In a second study, fingerprinting of 15 semi-dwarf, high yielding somaclones of B-370 was carried out...

The use of seed proteins revealed by SDS PAGE in taxonomy and phylogeny of some Lathyrus species

A.R. El-Shanshoury

Biologia plantarum 1997, 39:553-559 | DOI: 10.1023/A:1000974630552

Electrophoretic seed protein patterns of 18 samples belonging to 14 species and 4 sections of Lathyrus are treated by principle component analysis (PCA). The morphological ground and karyological structure data of these samples are also discussed in the light of sectional and groups delimitation. The species under study of section Cicercula are separated into 3 groups and L. hirsutus referred to the most primitive species within Lathyrus species. This agrees with their previous grouping delimination based on morphological characters and with chromosomal features such as karyotype structure. L. aphaca referred to the most advanced species in this genus,...

Blanco White, A. et al.: A Guide to Species Irises. Their Identification and Cultivation

M. Blažek

Biologia plantarum 1997, 39:554 | DOI: 10.1023/A:1001786127302

Metabolism of Adenine and Hypoxanthine in a Hormone Autonomous Genetic Tumour Line of Tobacco

S.K. Nandi, L.M.S. Palni

Biologia plantarum 1997, 39:555-563 | DOI: 10.1023/A:1001753220033

Genetic tumour tissues of Nicotiana glauca (Grah.) × N. langsdorffii (Weinm.), which grow on auxin and cytokinin-free medium, were incubated with [14C]-/[3H]-adenine or [3H]-hypoxanthine to investigate cytokinin biosynthesis. Adenine was supplied to tissues of two different ages (2- and 3.5-week-old) for 8, 24 or 30 h. The uptake was over 91.0 % (of "supplied radioactivity") by 2-week-old tissues as compared to around 50.0 % uptake by 3.5-week-old tissues. Incorporation into cytokinins could not be detected. While unmetabolized adenine accounted for only about 24.0 and 13.4 % of "extracted radioactivity" (following 8 and 30 h incubation, respectively)...

The effect of polyamines on the development of sugar beet protoplasts

A. Majewska-Sawka, A. Niklas, E. Jażdżewska

Biologia plantarum 1997, 39:561-567 | DOI: 10.1023/A:1000926714622

The influence of the exogenous polyamines: putrescine, spermidine and spermine, on the frequency of protoplast divisions for 2 genotypes of sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.) was analyzed. Protoplasts were cultured by the agarose disk method on Saunders and Doley medium supplemented with either hormones or polyamines, or hormones combined with polyamines. The latter supplement led to a statistically significant increase in plating efficiency. The improvement in division index was caused mainly by spermine.

Oropeza, C., Howard, F.W., Ashburner, G.R. (ed.): Lethal Yellowing: Research and Practical Aspects

L. Šindelář

Biologia plantarum 1997, 39:564 | DOI: 10.1023/A:1001738211373

NAD+ Kinase Activities in Euglena Gracilis and Phaseolus Vulgaris

M.-C. Morere-Le Paven, F. Montrichard, I. Lucet, R. Jalouzot, D. L. Laval-Martin

Biologia plantarum 1997, 39:565-574 | DOI: 10.1023/A:1001705304104

After an electrophoretic separation of proteins from Euglena gracilis and dry seeds of Phaseolus vulgaris in native conditions in polyacrylamide gels, gels were incubated in mixtures containing NAD+, Mg-ATP2-, glucose 6-phosphate, G6P dehydrogenase, and either phenazine ethosulfate and 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-tetrazolium bromide (PES/MTT) or phenazine methosulfate and nitro blue tetrazolium (PMS/NBT) as coupled redox system for NAD+ kinase activity detection. In the presence of PES/MTT, 4 bands were revealed for E. gracilis, among which two corresponded to NAD+ kinase activity, the other corresponding to a NAD+ reductase activity...

Subcellular localization and polymorphism of peroxidase in horse-radish tumour and teratoma tissue

T. Peškan, M.A. Pedreño, M. Krsnik-Rasol, R. Muñoz

Biologia plantarum 1997, 39:575-582 | DOI: 10.1023/A:1000978715531

The localization of peroxidase in cells of horse-radish (Armoracia lapathifolia Gilib.) tumour and teratoma tissues was studied. Both tissue lines were derived from the same primary crown-gall tumour induced on the leaf fragments by a wild type of Agrobacterium tumefaciens B6S3. Enzymatic activity was measured in cell walls, high-density heterogeneous membrane fraction, microsomal and soluble (no particulate) fractions. The subcellular localization of enzymatic activity was distinct for each transformed tissue. Both tumour and teratoma showed similar isoenzyme patterns, but one soluble acidic isoperoxidase could be considered as a marker of cell differentiat...

Red-light-induced Changes in the Distribution of Xanthoxin in Pea Seedlings

H. Kato-Noguchi

Biologia plantarum 1997, 39:575-580 | DOI: 10.1023/A:1001757320942

The distribution of xanthoxin (Xan), was determined in light-grown, 20-d-old pea (Pisum sativum L. cv. Progress No. 9) seedlings. The cis,trans-xanthoxin (c,t-Xan) and the trans,trans-xanthoxin (t,t-Xan) were more abundant in the young leaves and terminal bud; their concentrations in leaves were 2 - 3 times those in internodes of the same nodes. After the onset of red-light-irradiation, the concentration of both Xan isomers in 7-d-old dark-grown pea seedlings increased after a 12-h lag time. The increased level of Xan was greatest in the terminal bud and decreased to lower parts of the seedlings. The ratio of c,t-Xan to t,t-Xan concentration in the...

Effects of Simulated Acid Rain on Anatomy of Primary Leaves of Phaseolus Vulgaris

D. Stoyanova

Biologia plantarum 1997, 39:581-588 | DOI: 10.1023/A:1001709405012

Ten-days-old bean plants (Phaseolus vulgaris L., cv. Cheren Starozagorski) were treated with simulated acid rain (pH 2.4, 2.2, 2.0 and 1.8). Anatomical changes in the primary leaves were studied 3, 48 and 168 h after a single treatment. This treatment induced: 1) change in the shape of palisade cells, contraction of their contact surfaces and expansion of spongy cells (pH 1.8, 3 h after treatment); 2) reduction of symplast connections among palisade cells and of apoplast in the spongy mesophyll (pH 1.8, 48 h after treatment); 3) destruction of adaxial epidermis and portions of palisade mesophyll, plasmolysis of spongy cells (pH 1.8, 168 h after treatment);...

Nitrate reductase activity and uptake of nitrate and oxygen as affected by nitrate supply to detached maize organs

N. Shankar, H.S. Srivastava

Biologia plantarum 1997, 39:583-589 | DOI: 10.1023/A:1000982832369

Supply of 1, 2, 5, 10 or 20 mM nitrate to detached roots, scutella or shoots from 5- to 6-d-old Zea mays L. seedlings increased in vitro nitrate reductase (NR) activity in all the organs and NADPH specific NR (NADPH:NR) activity in roots and scutella but not in the shoots. Usually 2 to 5 mM nitrate supported maximum enzyme activity, the higher concentration did not increase it further. The protein content in the roots, scutella and shoots increased up to 5, 2 and 20 mM medium nitrate, respectively. Nitrate uptake also increased with increasing nitrate concentration in roots and shoots, but it increased only slightly in the scutella. In both roots and...

Effects of Simulated Acid Rain on Chloroplast Ultrastructure of Primary Leaves of Phaseolus Vulgaris

D. Stoyanova, V. Velikova

Biologia plantarum 1997, 39:589-595 | DOI: 10.1023/A:1001761421851

The ultrastructure of chloroplasts in the primary leaf of 10-d-old bean plants (Phaseolus vulgaris L., cv. Cheren Starozagorski) was studied 3, 5, 24, 48, 72 and 168 h after a single treatment with simulated acid rain (pH 2.4, 2.2, 2.0 and 1.8). Different changes in chloroplast structure till full destruction of organelles were traced. A determining factor for these changes was the histological localization of chloroplasts. In the chloroplasts of palisade parenchyma different degrees of expansion of thylakoids (3, 5, and 24 h after the single treatment), and conformational changes of the inner membrane system (48, 72 and 168 h) were observed. The chloroplasts...

Specific uptake of 6-deoxy-d-glucose and of 2-aminoisobutyric acid by sugar beet leaves and roots

A. Kotyk, J. Zahradníček

Biologia plantarum 1997, 39:591-597 | DOI: 10.1023/A:1000934916439

Sugar beet was grown in pots and the transport of 6-deoxy-d-glucose (6-dg) and of 2-aminoisobutyric acid (AIB) into leaf and root tissue segments was examined. The uptake of 6-dg into both tissues displayed two kinetic components, one apparently of diffusional nature, the other saturable (half-saturation constant 0.22 mM in leaves, 0.10 mM in roots; limiting rate 0.37 and 0.10 nmol mg-1 (fresh mass) h-1 for leaves and roots, respectively). It was suppressed by d-glucose and inhibited by diethyl-stilbestrol (DES), suloctidil (SUL) and 2,4-dinitrophenol (DNP), but little by D2O and not at all by sodium vanadate. It showed a temperature optimum at 30...

Wildi, O., Orlóci, L.: Numerical Exploration of Community Patterns. A Guide to the Use of MULVA-5

J. Gloser

Biologia plantarum 1997, 39:596 | DOI: 10.1023/A:1001742312281

MacKenzie, D.: Perennial Ground Covers

F Šrámek

Biologia plantarum 1997, 39:596 | DOI: 10.1023/A:1001790228211

Saccharide Content and Growth Parameters in Relation with Flooding Tolerance in Rice

R. K. Sarkar

Biologia plantarum 1997, 39:597-603 | DOI: 10.1023/A:1001713505921

Pre-submergence reserve saccharides was found adequate to substantiate the survival of tolerant cultivar under flooding. Survival percentage declined in both tolerant and susceptible cultivars with less saccharide content. However, it was more apparent in susceptible cultivar. Plant height, fresh and dry mass of shoots, leaf mass/area ratio and starch content per plant before flooding showed significant positive association with submergence tolerance. Hence, the improved seedling vigour could be used to increase submergence tolerance.

Relations between K+ uptake and photosynthetic uptake of inorganic carbon by aquatic plants

L. Adamec

Biologia plantarum 1997, 39:599-606 | DOI: 10.1023/A:1000986900509

The uptake of K⁺ by the leafy shoots of four submersed higher aquatic plants (Elodea canadensis, Ranunculus aquatilis, R. trichophyllus, and Callitriche hamulata) with different HCO₃ ^- affinity was measured in successive 2-h periods under the conditions of high or low photosynthetic rates (i.e. at pH 7.5 or 10). At pH 7.5 the uptake of K⁺ by species with the higher HCO₃ ^- affinity (E. canadensis, R. trichophyllus) was significantly faster than that by species with a lower HCO₃ ^- affinity (R. aquatilis, C. hamulata). In the former group of species, the K⁺...

Hatzios, K.K. (ed.): Regulation of Enzymatic Systems Detoxifying Xenobiotics in Plants

L. Skálová

Biologia plantarum 1997, 39:604 | DOI: 10.1023/A:1001794329119

Light-induced Changes in Expression of Pathogenesis-related Anionic Peroxidase in Cucumber Seedlings

V. Repka, I. Fischerova

Biologia plantarum 1997, 39:605-615 | DOI: 10.1023/A:1001765522759

The effect of irradiance on the expression of the Cucumis sativus pathogenesis-related (srPRX) anionic peroxidase was studied in germinating seeds at the period when seedlings start to be photosynthetically active. The diversity in the expression patterns of srPRX was observed in both dark- and light-grown seedlings using activity staining and immunoblotting: beside the three srPRX isoenzymes also other three, serologically unrelated, peroxidase isoforms were accumulated in dark-grown seedlings and one in light-grown seedlings. Furthermore, in light-grown seedlings, it was observed a marked difference in the expression of particular srPRX isoenzymes...

Ultrastructural changes in gametophytes of Acrostichum aureum L. cultured in different sodium chloride concentrations

X.-P. Li, B.-L. Ong

Biologia plantarum 1997, 39:607-614 | DOI: 10.1023/A:1000939017348

Gametophytes cultured in solutions containing 0.0 to 0.7 % NaCl exhibited no change in ultra structural organization of chloroplasts. In 1.0% NaCl-grown gametophytes, there were thinner granal stacks, relatively larger spaces between granal thylakoidal membranes and larger plastoglobuli in the chloroplasts. These changes were accompanied by a decrease in photosynthesis. Cup shape, horseshoe shape, ring shape, and amoeboid mitochondria were observed in gametophytes grown in 0.0 to 0.7% NaCl. Only round mitochondria were observed in the gametophytes grown in 1.0 % NaCl. Mitochondria seemed to be more resistant to salt stress compared to chloroplasts....

Analysis of the growth kinetic of fruits of Actinidia deliciosa

P.P. Gallego, A. Martinez, I. Zarra

Biologia plantarum 1997, 39:615-622 | DOI: 10.1023/A:1000991101418

Growth rate of fruit of Actinidia deliciosa (A. Chev.) Liang and Fergusoncv. Hayward, measured as increase in fresh mass, followed a simple sigmoidal trend showing two stages in all the seasons studied (1987 - 1989). However, growth profiles were statistically different from year to year in both shape and mean reached. The data suggest an important effect of climatic factors on growth, mainly rainfall, which may explain the differences in growth curves between seasons. Significant correlations between relative growth index and length and/or diameter were found which can be used for a non-destructive determination of Actinidia deliciosa fruit growth.

Othmer, H.G., Adler, F.R., Lewis, M.A., Dallon, J.C. (ed): Case Studies in Mathematical Modeling in Ecology, Physiology, and Cell Biology

J. Gloser

Biologia plantarum 1997, 39:616 | DOI: 10.1023/A:1001746413190

Isoenzyme Patterns of Solanum Nigrum and the Cybrid Plant containing S. Nigrum Genome and S. Tuberosum Plastome

A.M. Hassanein

Biologia plantarum 1997, 39:617-621 | DOI: 10.1023/A:1001717606830

Transfer of chloroplasts from Solanum tuberosum into S. nigrum cell resulted in an atrazine sensitive cybrid plant. The shoots of this cybrid were bleached under atrazine stress. The cybrid displayed identical isoenzyme patterns that have been found in S. nigrum, and thus nuclei of the cybrid plant cells did not integrate any chromosomes or chromosome fragments from S. tuberosum nuclei. Under atrazine stress, differences in the isoenzyme expression were found in both the cybrid and original plants. In the peroxidase patterns, POX-4 was detected while POX-1 disappeared. Esterase patterns were less influenced, EST-4 was expressed in both plants under...

Gholz, H.L., Nakane, K., Shimoda, H. (ed.): The Use of Remote Sensing in the Modeling of Forest Productivity

J. Gloser

Biologia plantarum 1997, 39:622 | DOI: 10.1023/A:1001798430028

Effects of water stress and rewatering on leaf water relations of lemon plants

M.C. Ruiz-Sánchez, R. Domingo, R. Savé, C. Biel, A. Torrecillas

Biologia plantarum 1997, 39:623-631 | DOI: 10.1023/A:1000943218256

Potted two-year-old lemon plants (Citrus limon (L.) Burm. fil.) cv. Fino, growing under field conditions were subjected to drought by withholding irrigation for 13 d. After that, plants were re-irrigated and the recovery was studied for 5 d. Control plants were daily irrigated maintaining the soil matric potential at about -30 kPa. Young leaves of control plants presented higher leaf conductance (g1) and lower midday leaf water potential (Ψmd) than mature ones. Young leaves also showed higher leaf water potential at the turgor loss point (Ψtlp) than mature leaves. In both leaf types g1 decreased with increased vapour pressure deficit of the...

Proline Accumulation in Leaves of NaCl-sensitive and NaCl-tolerant Tomatoes

G. Guerrier

Biologia plantarum 1997, 39:623-628 | DOI: 10.1023/A:1001769623668

Proline (Pro) accumulation in leaf discs of the NaCl-treated salt sensitive Lycopersicon esculentum was higher than in the salt tolerant L. pennellii. The magnitude of Pro accumulation differed when leaf discs of both species were floated in the light or under darkness, and in various incubation media: buffer solutions (pH from 3.9 to 7.8), abscisic acid, isobutyric acid, NH4Cl, malate, citrate, and mixtures of NaCl and KCl, NaCl and CaCl2, and NaCl and mannitol. Under darkness, Pro accumulation in L. esculentum was not regulated by salts. Conversely, the light-independent NaCl-induced Pro accumulation observed in L. pennellii became light-dependent...

The Role of Leaf Petiole in Photoperiodic Induction of Flowering

Z. Vondráková, J. Krekule

Biologia plantarum 1997, 39:629-632 | DOI: 10.1023/A:1001721724576

Explants of Chenopodium rubrum, a short-day plant, were decapitated and exposed to floral inductive treatment, and the extent of flowering of axillary buds was afterwards assessed. Isolated buds never responded to induction, whereas the presence of the petiole of the subtending leaf already assured a high degree of flowering. We may assume either that the petiole is the receptor organ of the photoperiodic signal or that its transporting role is indispensable.

Recovery of photosystem 2 and membrane lipid composition in triazine-treated soybean seedlings by vitamins

F. El-Shintinawy, M.N. El-Shourbagy

Biologia plantarum 1997, 39:633-636 | DOI: 10.1023/A:1000995202327

Triazine (0.6 mM) quenched the chlorophyll fluorescence emission at 686nm, selectively reduced the biosynthesis of linolenic acid (C18:3), lowered the ratio of unsaturated/saturated fatty acids in thylakoid membranes and percentage of total glycerides in the extracted oils, and extremely enhanced ethylene production by seedlings. These effects were partly reversed by the addition of 100 g m-3 of vitamins (thiamine > nicotinic acid >pyridoxine).

Hydraulic Conductance and Water Potential Differences Inside Leaves of Tropical Evergreen and Deciduous Species

M. A. Sobrado

Biologia plantarum 1997, 39:633-637 | DOI: 10.1023/A:1001725808647

Several pieces of research suggest that leaf liquid-path conductance (K1) may be smaller in evergreen species (EG) than in deciduous species (DC), coexisting in tropical dry forests. This was investigated in four DC and two EG in a tropical dry forest in Venezuela. The K1 (kg m-2 MPa-1 s-1) were consistently lower in EG (8.4 × 10-5) than in DC (12 to 20 × 10-5). Differences in water potential (ΔΨW) inside the leaves were calculated using K1 values in connection with maximum transpiration rates measured in the field. It was found that ΔΨW was about 1.9 MPa in EG, intermediate for one DC (Pithecellobium dulce, 1.7 MPa) and minimum...

A method of DNA isolation from epiphytic CAM ferns for use in random amplified polymorphic DNA analysis

S.H. Lim, L.K.C. Looi, B.L. Ong, Y.C. Wee

Biologia plantarum 1997, 39:637-639 | DOI: 10.1023/A:1000947319165

A method for DNA extraction from Pyrrosia piloselloides (L.) Price and Pyrrosia longifolia (Burm.) Morton utilising hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide is described. The genomic DNA isolated was found to be relatively pure and shown to be suitable for RAPD analysis.

Pessarakli, M. (ed.): Handbook of Photosynthesis

J. Gloser

Biologia plantarum 1997, 39:638 | DOI: 10.1023/A:1001750514098

Eschrich, VV.: Funktionelle Pflanzenanatomie

I. Tichá

Biologia plantarum 1997, 39:639 | DOI: 10.1023/A:1001702630937

Neuffer, M.G., Coe, E.H., Wessler, S.R.: Mutants of Maize

D. Holá

Biologia plantarum 1997, 39:640 | DOI: 10.1023/A:1001754615007