K nejprostudovanějším mikroorganismům v půdě patří houby, které se mohou vyskytovat ve formě vláknité (hyfy) nebo jako kvasinky, pro které je typický výskyt v podobě jednotlivých buněk. Ačkoli půda není pro kvasinky typickým stanovištěm, detailnější výzkum ukazuje, že mají řadu specifických adaptací, které jim umožňují přežívat v půdním prostředí, kde přispívají k mnoha klíčovým procesům a tvoří tak nedílnou součást půdních společenstev. Současný výzkum také naznačuje, že by půdní kvasinky mohly najít uplatnění v zemědělství a posloužit jako zelená alternativa k syntetickým hnojivům a pesticidům.
Použitá a citovaná literatura:
AGEITOS, Jose Manuel, et al. Oily yeasts as oleaginous cell factories. Applied microbiology and biotechnology, 2011, 90.4: 1219-1227.
BOTHA, Alfred. The importance and ecology of yeasts in soil. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 2011, 43.1: 1-8.
BUZZINI, Pietro; LACHANCE, Marc-André; YURKOV, Andrey (ed.). Yeasts in natural ecosystems: diversity. Springer International Publishing, 2017.
BOER, Wietse de, et al. Living in a fungal world: impact of fungi on soil bacterial niche development. FEMS microbiology reviews, 2005, 29.4: 795-811.
HOLDSWORTH, Jane E.; VEENHUIS, Marten; RATLEDGE, Colin. Enzyme activities in oleaginous yeasts accumulating and utilizing exogenous or endogenous lipids. Microbiology, 1988, 134.11: 2907-2915.
KURTZMAN, Cletus; FELL, Jack W.; BOEKHOUT, Teun (ed.). The yeasts: a taxonomic study. Elsevier, 2011.
LIU, Jia, et al. Utilization of antagonistic yeasts to manage postharvest fungal diseases of fruit. International journal of food microbiology, 2013, 167.2: 153-160.
MAŠÍNOVÁ, Tereza, et al. Drivers of yeast community composition in the litter and soil of a temperate forest. FEMS microbiology ecology, 2017, 93.2.
MAŠÍNOVÁ, Tereza; YURKOV, Andrey; BALDRIAN, Petr. Forest soil yeasts: Decomposition potential and the utilization of carbon sources. Fungal Ecology, 2018, 34: 10-19.
YURKOV, Andrey M. Yeasts of the soil–obscure but precious. Yeast, 2018, 35.5: 369-378.
YURKOV, Andrey M.; KEMLER, Martin; BEGEROW, Dominik. Species accumulation curves and incidence-based species richness estimators to appraise the diversity of cultivable yeasts from beech forest soils. PLoS One, 2011, 6.8: e23671.
YURKOV, A. M.; KEMLER, M.; BEGEROW, D. Assessment of yeast diversity in soils under different management regimes. Fungal ecology, 2012, 5.1: 24-35.
Fungi are the most studied soil organisms. They may occur in two growth forms – as filamentous organisms and as yeasts. Even though soil is not a typical yeast habitat, according to detailed research they have many specific adaptations that allow them to survive in the soil environment and contribute to many key ecosystem processes and thus, make up a significant part of soil communities. Current research also suggests that soil yeasts could find their use in agriculture and serve as a green alternative to synthetic fertilizers and pesticides.