Biologia plantarum 2018, 62:369-378 | DOI: 10.1007/s10535-018-0775-6

Characterization of novel D-hordeins from Psathyrostachys juncea

X. K. Hu1,2, S. F. Dai1, T. Ouellet2, M. Balcerzak2, H. Rocheleau2, S. Khanizadeh2, Z. J. Pu3, Z. H. Yan1,*
1 Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, PR China
2 Ottawa Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Ottawa, Canada
3 Crop Research Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Science, Chengdu, PR China

Three genes encoding novel D-hordeins, Ns 1.3, Ns 2.6, and Ns 2.9 were isolated from Psathyrostachys juncea. The Ns 1.3 differed from Ns 2.6 and Ns 2.9 by having a shorter open reading frame (< 1.5 kb versus > 2.5 kb), and was probably not expressed as a normal protein, while the activities for Ns 2.6 and Ns 2.9 were verified by bacterial expression. Though highly similar primary structure to wheat high molecular mass glutenin subunits (HMM-GSs) and barley D-hordeins, Ns 2.6 and Ns 2.9 had more cysteine residues (nine in total) and a larger molecular mass than HMMGSs, and a longer N-terminal length than D-hordeins. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the Ps. juncea D-hordeins were divided into Ns 1.3 type and Ns 2.6/Ns 2.9 type. Divergence times indicated that Ns 1.3 diverged the earliest from the orthologous Triticeae locus, while Ns 2.6 and Ns 2.9 and the D-hordeins from two Hordeum species diverged nearly at the same time from those loci, and the divergence between the D-hordeins of H. chilense and Ns 2.6/Ns 2.9 was more recent than between the two Hordeum species. The novel Ps. juncea D-hordeins have the potential to be very important for improving the end-use quality of wheat flours because of the presence of extra cysteine residues and longer repetitive domain, in addition they can contribute to the understanding of the evolution of Triticeae prolamins.

Keywords: bacterial expression; Hordeum chilense; H. vulgare; HMM-prolamins; phylogenetic analysis; Triticum aestivum
Subjects: D-hordeins; prolamins; phylogenetic analysis; amino acid sequences; barley
Species: Psathyrostachys juncea; Hordeum vulgare; Hordeum chilense

Received: March 15, 2017; Revised: August 19, 2017; Accepted: August 24, 2017; Published: June 1, 2018Show citation

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Hu, X.K., Dai, S.F., Ouellet, T., Balcerzak, M., Rocheleau, H., Khanizadeh, S., Pu, Z.J., & Yan, Z.H. (2018). Characterization of novel D-hordeins from Psathyrostachys juncea. Biologia plantarum, 62(2), 369-378. doi: 10.1007/s10535-018-0775-6.
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