Biologia plantarum 56:521-527, 2012 | DOI: 10.1007/s10535-012-0045-y

The development of stomata and other epidermal cells on the rice leaves

L. Luo1, W. -Q. Zhou1, P. Liu1, C. -X. Li1, S. -W. Hou1,2,*
1 School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, P.R. China
2 National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai, P.R. China

In the leaves of rice (Oryza sativa), stomatal initials arose from two asymmetric cell divisions and a symmetric division. Guard mother cells (GMCs) and long cells in stomatal files (LCSs) were formed through the first asymmetric division of the precursor cell of GMCs. Subsidiary cells (SCs) were produced by the second asymmetric division of subsidiary mother cells or LCSs. Following SC formation, GMCs divided once symmetrically to generate guard cells and then differentiated terminally to form mature stomata. The developmental patterns of long cells, prickle hairs and short cells (phellem cells and silica cells) were also examined. Interestingly, we found that the different developmental stages of stomata and epidermal cells occurred in the similar location of immature leaves of the same phyllotaxis. In addition, two spacing patterns ("one stoma, one long cell" and "one short cell row") probably exist in rice leaves.

Keywords: long cells; Oryza sativa; prickle hairs; short cells; stomatal density
Subjects: long cells; prickle hairs; short cells; stomata ontogeny; guard cells; stomata density
Species: Oryza sativa

Received: June 3, 2010; Accepted: June 10, 2011; Published: September 1, 2012Show citation

ACS AIP APA ASA Harvard Chicago IEEE ISO690 MLA NLM Turabian Vancouver
Luo, L., Zhou, W.-Q., Liu, P., Li, C.-X., & Hou, S.-W. (2012). The development of stomata and other epidermal cells on the rice leaves. Biologia plantarum, 56(3), 521-527. doi: 10.1007/s10535-012-0045-y.
Download citation
  • BibTeX (.bib)
  • Bookends (.ris)
  • EasyBib (.ris)
  • EndNote (.enw)
  • EndNote 8 (.xml)
  • ISI WoS (.isi)
  • Medlars (.medlars)
  • Mendeley (.ris)
  • MODS (.xml)
  • Papers (.ris)
  • RefWorks (.txt)
  • RefManager (.ris)
  • RIS (.ris)
  • MS Word (.xml)
  • Zotero (.ris)

    • Open full article

    References

    1. Berger, D., Altmann, T.: A subtilisin-like serine protease involved in the regulation of stomatal density and distribution in Arabidopsis thaliana. - Genes Dev. 14: 1119-1131, 2000.
    2. Bergmann, D.C., Sack, F.D.: Stomatal development. - Annu. Rev. Plant Biol. 58: 81-163, 2007. Go to original source...
    3. Cartwright, H.N., Humphries, J.A., Smith, L.G.: PAN1: a receptor-like protein that promotes polarization of an asymmetric cell division in maize. - Science 323: 649-651, 2009. Go to original source...
    4. Cerioli, S., Marocco, A., Maddaloni, M., Motto, M., Salamini, F.: Early event in maize leaf epidermis formation as revealed by cell lineage studies. - Development 120: 2113-2120, 1994.
    5. Di Laurenzio, L., Wysocka-Diller, J., Malamy, J. E., Pysh, L., Helariutta, Y., Freshour, G., Hahn, M. G., Feldmann, K. A. and Benfey, P. N.: The SCARECROW gene regulates an asymmetric cell division that is essential for generating the radial organization of the Arabidopsis root. - Cell 86: 423-433, 1996. Go to original source...
    6. Djakovic, S., Dyachok, J., Burke, M., Frank, M.J., Laurie, G.S.: BRICK1/HSPC300 functions with SCAR and the ARP2/3 complex to regulate epidermal cell shape in Arabidopsis. - Development 133: 1091-1100, 2006. Go to original source...
    7. Dong, J., MacAlister, C.A., Bergmann, D.C.: BASL controls asymmetric cell division in Arabidopsis. - Cell 137: 1320-1330, 2009. Go to original source...
    8. Frank, M.J., Smith, L.G.: A small, novel protein highly conserved in plants and animals promotes the polarized growth and division of maize leaf epidermal cells. - Curr. Biol. 12: 849-853, 2002. Go to original source...
    9. Gallagher, K., Smith, L.G.: discordia mutations specifically misorient asymmetric cell divisions during development of the maize leaf epidermis. - Development 126: 4623-4633, 1999.
    10. Gallagher, K., Smith, L.G.: Roles for polarity and nuclear determinants in specifying daughter cell fates after an asymmetric cell division in the maize leaf. - Curr. Biol. 10: 1229-1232, 2000. Go to original source...
    11. Geisler, M., Nadeau, J., Sack, F.D.: Oriented asymmetric divisions that generate the stomatal spacing pattern in Arabidopsis are disrupted by the too many mouths mutation. - Plant Cell 12: 2075-2086, 2000. Go to original source...
    12. Guimil, S., Dunand, C.: Patterning of Arabidopsis epidermal cells: epigenetic factors regulate the complex epidermal cell fate pathway. - Trends Plant Sci. 11: 1360-1385, 2006. Go to original source...
    13. Hoshikawa, K.: The Growing Rice Plant: an Anatomical Monograph. - Nobunkyou, Tokyo 1989.
    14. Hunt, L., Gray, J.E.: BASL and EPF2 act independently to regulate asymmetric divisions during stomatal development. - Plant Signaling Behaviour 5: 278-280, 2010. Go to original source...
    15. Itoh, J.I., Nonomura, K.I., Ikeda, K., Yamaki, S., Inukai, Y., Yamagishi, H., Kitano, H., Nagato, Y.: Rice plant development: from zygote to spikelet. - Plant Cell Physiol. 46: 23-47, 2005. Go to original source...
    16. Kagan, M.L., Novoplansky, N., Sachs, T.: Variable cell lineages form the functional pea epidermis. - Ann. Bot. 69: 303-312, 1992. Go to original source...
    17. Kamiya, N., Itoh, J.I., Morikami, A., Nagato, Y., Matsuoka, M.: The SCARECROW gene's role in asymmetric cell divisions in rice plants. - Plant J. 36: 45-54, 2003. Go to original source...
    18. Kaufman, P.B.: Development of the shoot of Oryza sativa L. II. Leaf histogenesis. - Phytomorphology 9: 277-311, 1959.
    19. Komorisono, M., Ueguchi-Tanaka, M., Aichi, I., Hasegawa, Y., Ashikari, M., Kitano, H., Matsuoka, M., Sazuka, T.: Analysis of the rice mutant dwarf and gladius leaf 1. Aberrant katanin-mediated microtubule organization causes up-regulation of gibberellin biosynthetic genes independently of gibberellin signaling. - Plant Physiol. 138: 1982-1993, 2005.
    20. Liu, T., Ohashi-Ito, K., Bergmann, D.C.: Orthologs of Arabidopsis thaliana stomatal bHLH genes and regulation of stomatal development in grasses. - Development 136: 2265-2276, 2009. Go to original source...
    21. Nadeau, J.A., Sack, F.D.: Stomatal development in Arabidopsis. - In: Somerville, C.R., Meyerowitz, E.M. (ed.): The Arabidopsis Book. Pp. 1-28. Amer. Soc. Plant Biol., Rockville 2002. Go to original source...
    22. Nadeau, J.A., Sack, F.D.: Stomatal development: cross talk puts mouths in place. - Trends Plant Sci. 8: 1360-1385, 2003. Go to original source...
    23. Park, J.J., Jin, P., Yoon, J., Yang, J.I., Jeong, H.J., Ranathunge, K., Schreiber, L., Franke, R., Lee, I.J., An, G.: Mutation in Wilted Dwarf and Lethal 1 (WDL1) causes abnormal cuticle formation and rapid water loss in rice. - Plant mol. Biol. 74: 91-103, 2010. Go to original source...
    24. Peterson, K.M., Rychel, A.L., Torii, K.U.: Out of the mouths of plants: the molecular basis of the evolution and diversity of stomatal development. - Plant Cell 22: 296-306, 2010. Go to original source...
    25. Raven, J.: Selection pressures on stomatal evolution. - New Phytol. 153: 371-86, 2002. Go to original source...
    26. Sachs, T.: Pattern Formation in Plant Tissues. - Cambridge University Press, Cambridge -New York 1991. Go to original source...
    27. Sack, F.D., Chen, G.J.: Plant science: pores in place. - Science 30: 592-593, 2009. Go to original source...
    28. Schroeder, J.I., Allen, G.J., Hugouvieux, V., Kwak, J.M., Waner, D.: Guard cell signal transduction. - Annu. Rev. Plant Physiol. Plant mol. Biol. 52: 627-58, 2001. Go to original source...
    29. Wang, E., Wang, J., Zhu, X., Hao, W., Wang, L., Li, Q., Zhang, L., He, W., Lu, B., Lin, H., Ma, H., Zhang, G., He, Z.: Control of rice grain-filling and yield by a gene with a potential signature of domestication. - Natur. Genet. 40: 1370-1374, 2008. Go to original source...
    30. Yang, M., Sack, F.D.: The too many mouths and four lips mutations affect stomatal production in Arabidopsis. - Plant Cell 7: 2227-2239, 1995. Go to original source...
    31. Zhao, L., Sack, F.D.: Ultrastructure of stomatal development in Arabidopsis (Brassicaceae) leaves. - Amer. J. Bot. 86: 929-939, 1999. Go to original source...

    Return to the content