Seasonal pattern of tartaric acid metabolism underlying the phasic development inTamarindus indica L.

Kamala Kumari Patnaik

Biologia plantarum 16:1-6, 1974 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02920813

Tartaric acid is synthesized on light in the leaves ofTamarindus indica L. and is translocated to the flowers during flowering seasons. The translocation of this acid to fruits keeps peace with their growth rate. The decline of the tartaric acid content per unit fresh weight in mature fruits is not due to their utilization or conversion, but largely due to the setting up of the seeds which are devoid of any tartaric acid. Tartaric acid content in both the leaves and fruits show variation in different seasons, while malic acid does not show any change excepting a small increase in March.

Changes in the DNA lesions induced by alkylating agents during the post-treatment washing and redrying of barley seeds

S. Zadražil, V. Pokorný, J. Velemínský, T. Gichner

Biologia plantarum 16:7-13, 1974 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02920814

During the 24 hours' washing of¹⁴C MNU and¹⁴C MMS-treated seeds the amount of DNA 7-methylguanine as well as the total alkylation of DNA, RNA and proteins in cells of the embryo was enhanced. The drying of shortly washed¹⁴C MNU-treated seeds to 30% and 15% water content led to, a similar increase of alkylation. In accordance with the changes in the biological damage, the amount of single strand breaks and/or alkali labile sites in DNA dropped down during a 19 h washing period of MNU-treated seeds but changed only slightly in MMS-treated and 19 hours washed seeds. The drying of 0.5 or 18 h resp. 19 h washed seeds treated...

The influence of the osmotic potential of the cultivation medium on the development of excised flax embryos

Anna Preťová

Biologia plantarum 16:14-20, 1974 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02920815

The development of excised flax embryos of different age was followed in nutrient media with different osmotic values. Sucrose media with the osmotic value 4.0 bar. (5%) sucrose were the most suitable for the cultivation of excised 7 and 14 days old flax embryos. Nutrient media with the osmotic potential 1.7 bar (2% sucrose) were optimal for 28 days old embryos. The most convenient osmotic potential for optimal root growth was 4.0 bar and for hypocotyls and stems 1.7 bar. High osmotic value of the cultivation media prevented the germination of the embryos and lower osmotic value promoted the germination. Mannitol, when compared with sucrose, inhibited...

Participation of exogenous DNA in the repair processes of meristematicVicia faba cells injured by monofunctional alkylating agens ethylmethane sulphonate

Jana Šlotová, Z. Karpfel, Dagmar Kubíčková

Biologia plantarum 16:21-27, 1974 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02920816

The effect of exogenous DNA of syngeneic origin on the course of reparation of meristematic cells ofVicia faba primary roots followed after treatment with monofunctional alkylating agent, ethyl methanesulphonate (EMS), was tested. Time course of alternations in mitotic activity of investigated cellular population and the dynamics of formation of postmetaphase chromosomal aberrations was evaluated. A reparation of damaged cells was significantly supported by syngeneic DNA; its application induced an increased incidence of cellular division already in the early intervals of the repair which was accompanied by concomitant decrease of microscopically...

Restoration of mitotic and differentiation processes in the root apices ofAllium cepa L. treated with cyanein and griseofulvin

V. Frank

Biologia plantarum 16:28-34, 1974 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02920817

The roots ofAllium cepa L. were treated with water solutions of cyanein and griseofulvin for 24 and 48 h respectively, thereafter cultured for 48 h in the medium without the antibiotics, and the reversibility of the inhibition caused by the antibiotics was evaluated. Changes in the mitotic index of meristematic cells were followed in squash preparations of root apices. In addition to the cytologic observations, the differentiation of the primary meristem was followed in longitudinal sections. After the treatment with reversible doses of cyanein and griseofulvin respectively, differences were found in both the effects of the antibiotics during...

Intergenotypic competition and shoot production in wheat plants

J. Smoček

Biologia plantarum 16:35-42, 1974 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02920818

In field experiments, the competition among plants of two distinct wheat genotypes in binary mixtures, and among three genotypes being grown in adjacent rows was investigated. The competition greatly affected the over-ground dry weight, weight of stem and grain per plant. This effect was undercompensatory, the depression in poor competitor was higher than the enhancement of strong competitor for all these characteristics. From final components of grain yield per plant, the number of fertile stems and number of grains per ear were more affected than weight per grain. More expressively than weight of grain on the main-stem ear, the weight of grain per...

Interactions of photo- and geotropism with periodical oscillations of growing pea root (Pisum sativum L.)

M. Spurný

Biologia plantarum 16:43-49, 1974 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02920819

Oscillation movements of primary roots of pea seedlings were investigated after low- and high-energy irradiation (10^-2 and 10⁶ W m^-2) which was applied continuously and in pulses at intervals of 3 and 30 min. Oscillation amplitudes of control roots grown in darkness were lower (1 mm) than those of irradiated ones recorded in our previous experiments. The elongation rate of roots grown under scattered and low-energy irradiation as well as their mean oscillation amplitude (2.6 mm) and frequency (8 h) correspond to the standard values recorded in previous experiments. The same effects on root growth and oscillations had...

Pyeno genesis in Phomopsis mali

I. Emmanouilidis, G. Cornic

Biologia plantarum 16:50-56, 1974 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02920820

Light induces the formation of pycnidia inPhomopsis mali. The induction caused by light can be conserved in darkness. The size and quantity of pycnidia vary with the illuminance. Under low and high illuminances physiologically different pycnidia appear.Phomopsis mali cultivated in darkness in the presence of other microorganisms (fungi or bacteria) can fructify and produces pycnidia similar to those formed under low illuminance and in natural conditions. Our experiments indicate the presence of a pycnogenesis-inducing substance that can exists in different forms and induces the formation of the different pycnidia.

The role of endogenous gibberellin-like substances and inhibitors in the growth of pea internodes

Mirjana Nešković, T. Sjauš

Biologia plantarum 16:57-66, 1974 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02920821

Third internodes or whole stems of 7-days old etiolated pea plants were extracted and the content of gibberellin-like substances and inhibitors has been determined. Extracts were found to contain four or five different gibberellin-like substances, some of which are chromatographically similar to GA₃. The content of gibberellins has been high in young internodes and decreased along with the internodes elongation. Brief red light irradiation brings about quantitative changes in gibberellin content, depending also on the length of internodes. The extracts contain acidic and neutral inhibitors which interfere with the response to GA₃....

Phenolic compounds detected in rice blast lesions

R. Sridhar, S. H. Ou

Biologia plantarum 16:67-70, 1974 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02920822

Salicylic,p-coumaric, and ferulic acids were detected in the acetone-insoluble cell fraction, presumably protein, extracted from the brown discoloured tissues of rice (Oryza sativa L.) leaves infected withPyricularia oryzaeCav. but not from healthy leaves. It is proposed that these phenolic acids are oxidizedin vivo in blast diseased rice leaves, and forms a protein-quinone complex.

Book reviews

M. Ondřej, Vlasta Čatská

Biologia plantarum 16:79-80, 1974 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02920826

Professor RUDOLF DOSTAL verstorben

Jiří Šebánek

Biologia plantarum 16:81-85, 1974 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02920827

A computerized method of ecological classification of the imperfect fungi

P. Isoard, M. Fevre, E. Abrigeon, J. Jacq, R. Fontanges

Biologia plantarum 16:71-75, 1974 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02920823

13 strains of imperfect fungi have been studied in Lyon according to a biochemical criteria or growth of the studied species in a minimum but nitrogenous medium containing carbon elements. The inoculation is achieved by Api System ensemencement. The germination of the spores showing the carbon assimilation involves the appearance of a trouble. The intensity of this growth is coded by + or -.
The table of the characteristics for the various strains is studied thanks to a taxonomic method based on a relation of proximity by the Euclidean distance. Every strain is represented mathematically by a point in the characteristics-space. The strains are gathered...

Influence of pigweed mosaic virus on free amino acids of pigweed (Amaranthus viridis L.)

Shamsher Singh, V. S. Verma, B. K. Goswami, R. Padma

Biologia plantarum 16:76-77, 1974 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02920824

An increase in the number of amino acids inAmaranthus viridis plants infected with pigweed mosaic virus was found.

Tubular structures associated with mycoplasma in proliferation infected apple trees

O. Králík, J. Brčák

Biologia plantarum 16:78-79, 1974 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02920825

Tubular structures showing honeycomb-like appearance in cross sections were found in mycoplasma invaded sievetube cells of abnormal sprouts of apple trees infected with the proliferation disease. The nature of tubular structures is unknown. There is a striking similarity (or identity) with the tubular structures described formerly in HEp-2 cells which were established from human carcinoma of the larynx.