Book review

T. Gichner

Biologia plantarum 1988, 30:337 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02878185

Book review

P. BARTOš

Biologia plantarum 1988, 30:350 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02878188

Book review

P. Ryšánek

Biologia plantarum 1988, 30:372 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02878192

Book review

J. CHOD

Biologia plantarum 1988, 30:383 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02878195

Book review

J. Zámečník

Biologia plantarum 1988, 30:392 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02878198

Content of phenolic acids in callus culture of alfalfa (Medicago sativa): The effect of age and biochemical differentiation

Marie HrubcovÁ, Milena CvikrovÁ, F. Pospíšil, L. Meravý, J. Eder

Biologia plantarum 1988, 30:321-326 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02878182

Phenolic acids were separated into three fractions and determined by HPLC inMedicago sativa callus culture at the age of two, three and four weeks. The contents of free and especially of predominating ester-bound phenolic acids decreased with callus age to approx. 80 % while the content of phenolic acids nonextractable by methanol increased byca. 90 %. The proportion of benzoic acid derivatives rose from 15 to 21 % within four weeks. The determined difference in the contents of phenolic acids in the upper and lower parts of callus diminished with age. The content of bound forms was higher in the lower part regardless of the callus age....

Leaf water potential and leaf conductance during the growing season in almond trees under different irrigation regimes

M. C. Ruiz-Sýnchez, A. Torrecillas, F. Del Amor, A. Leon, J. M. Abrisqueta

Biologia plantarum 1988, 30:327-332 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02878183

Seasonal changes in leaf water potential (Φ) and leaf conductance (g₁) were determined in almond trees under different irrigation regimes. The development of water stress in the rainfed treatment induced a specific seasonal dynamics of Φ values and an important reduction in g₁ values. A decrease in g₁ values occurred independently of the irrigation treatment through the growing season. No statistically significant differences were obtained in g₁ values within the drip irrigated treatments.

Changes in intracellular localization of peroxidase during Microsporogenesis in Gymnosperms

B. Wróbel, Alicja Góeska-Brylass

Biologia plantarum 1988, 30:333-337 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02878184

Cytochemical investigations on peroxidase localization during microsporogenesis inLarix europaea D.C.,Taxus baccata L. andPinus sylvestris L. have revealed striking differences in the localization and activity level of this enzyme linked with the developmental stage.
The localization and level of activity of peroxidase, typical of each stage, changed in the course of microsporogenesis in a strictly orderly way, giving a characteristic and stable pattern. The pattern of intracellular peroxidase localization proved to be the same for microsporogenesis of all the gymnosperms in question.
It is suggested that the identity of...

Interaction of light and the cholinergic system in the regulation of seed germination

A. Tretyn, J. Kopcewicz, E. Ślesak

Biologia plantarum 1988, 30:338-342 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02878186

The effect of choline, acetylcholine, carbamylcholine and of the acetylcholinesterase inhibitors, eserine and neostigmine, on the germination of seeds exhibiting different photosenitivities was studied in two light variants. Both in the darkness and in continuous white light the substances in question had no effect or only slightly modified germination of photoblastically neutral seeds. On the other hand, the above substances, particularly aeetylcholine and carbamylcholine, stimulated germination of photoblastically positive seeds, and inhibited germination of photoblastically negative seeds in continuous white light.

Alleviation of the adverse effects of salinity by nitrogen fertilization

M. A. Shaddad, A. M. Ahmed, K. A. Fayez

Biologia plantarum 1988, 30:343-350 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02878187

This work was conducted to study the effects of fertilization with nitrogen (N_aNO₂, NH₄C1 or CO(NH_{2 2}) on NaCl salinized maize and safflower plants. Transpiration rate, stomatal frequency, dry matter and pigment contents were reduced under salinity. However under salinization-fertilization treatments, these parameters were generally raised. The carbohydrate contents exhibited variable results, in dependence on the plant type tested as well as on the treatment applied. The nitrogen contents of variously treated plants were raised except in the case of safflower plants salinized with only NaCl.

The release of the cotyledonary shoot ofpisum sativum from inhibition in relation to changes in the levels of endogenous auxins, cytokinins, and gibberellins

J. Šebánek, Helena Vítková, Šárka Klíčová, V. Psota

Biologia plantarum 1988, 30:351-356 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02878189

Both axillary buds belonging to the cotyledons (cotyledonary buds) start to grow on decapitated pea seedlings, but one of them (the dominant shoot) prevails in growth over the other (the inhibited shoot). If the dominant' cotyledonary shoot is removed, the inhibited shoot is released from inhibition and starts to grow. This release from inhibition of the inhibited cotyledonary shoot is accompanied within two hours from the removal of the dominant cotyledonary shoot by a marked increase in the level of endogenous cytokinin-like substances and by a decrease in the level of endogenous IAA. By contrast, a significant increase in IAA level and a decreasing...

Effect of high boron levels on growth and some metabolic activities of the halotolerantdunaliella tertiolecta

A. M. Ahmed, M. A. Zidan, M. S. Adam

Biologia plantarum 1988, 30:357-361 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02878190

Growth of Dunaliella tertiolecta was retarded when the alga was exposed to high boron (B) concentrations between 50 and 200 g m-³. Photosynthetic oxygen evolution as well as respiratory oxygen uptake were significantly suppressed with the rise of B concentration. Similarly the contents of chlorophyll, glycerol, lipid and proteins were lowered, while that of saccharides was raised.

Pyruvate kinase, an enzyme subject to regulation inDioscorea alata

U. Oluoha

Biologia plantarum 1988, 30:362-372 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02878191

Different species of yam tubers were examined for the presence of pyruvate kinase and phosphatase activities, Pyruvate kinase was purified 25 fold with a yield of 50 %. using ammonium sulphate precipitation and ion exchange chromatography on DEAE-Sephadex. Partially purified enzyme showed normal Michaelis-Menten kinetics. However, pyruvate kinase from crude extract of dormant yam tuber showed slight sigmoid response towards phosphoenol-pyruvate and magnesium and to a certain extent ADP. The enzyme is activated by AMP and inhibited by ATP and citrate in both crude and partially purified preparations. Further studies on the effect of energy charge on...

Leaf optical properties of an alpine perennial herbSelinum vaginatum clarke grown at two altitudes

A. N. Purohit, A. R. Nautiyal, P. Thapliyal

Biologia plantarum 1988, 30:373-378 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02878193

The absorptivity of the leaves at all the wavelengths decreased whereas the reflectivity and transmissivity increased when an alpine perennial herb, Selinum vaginatum was grown at lower (550 m) elevation. The lower elevation climate modified leaves to absorb comparatively less near-infrared radiation as compared to that under natural habitat. The lower altitude habitat had a positive effect on infinite reflectance and a negative effect on absorption and scattering coefficients of the leaves. Based on the scattering and absorption coefficients for upper and lower leaf surfaces, the 'sieve' and 'detour' effect factors were estimated. These factors indicate...

Effects of phytohormones on some biochemical parameters during dark induced leaf senescence ofSechium edule on Darjeeling Hill of the Eastern Himalayas

T. K. Dolui, S. Jana

Biologia plantarum 1988, 30:379-383 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02878194

All the concentrations (25-150 mgl-¹) of the phytohormones kinetin, IAA (indol-3-ylacetic acid) and GA₃ (gibberellic acid) increased the activity of DCPIP (2,6 dichlorophenolindophenol)-Hill reaction, chlorophyll and protein contents over the control data in leaves ofSechium edule Sw. on Darjeeling hill of the Eastern Himalayas; while ethrel (2-chloroethylphosphonic acid) treatments decreased these parameters in the hilly species. The most effective concentrations in increasing these parameters were 50 mg 1-¹ of kinetin, 50 mg 1-¹ of IAA and 100 mg 1-¹ of GA₃; whereas 50 mg 1-¹...

Overcoming interspecific incompatibility in the crossBrassica campestris ssp.japonica xBrassica oleracea var.botrytis using irradiated mentor pollen

N. Sarla

Biologia plantarum 1988, 30:384-386 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02878196

The cross B. campestris ssp. japonica x B. oleracea var. botrytis fails due to incompatibility barrier at the stigma. To realize this cross, irradiated compatible pollen (mentor pollen) was used before the incompatible pollination. The presence of mentor pollen stimulated the incompatible pollen to germinate and effect fertilization and seed set. One hybrid was thus obtained. Most of the seeds were inviable. Of the 5 plants raised one was a hybrid and 4 resembled the female parent.

Leakage of electrolytes and phenols and altered activity profile of peroxidase and its isoenzymes from wheat leaves inoculated withPuccinia recondita

R. S. Saini, H. K. L. Chawla, D. S. Wagle

Biologia plantarum 1988, 30:387-392 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02878197

Second and third leaves of 25-day old wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) planta, cultivar WL-711, were inoculated with three races of the brown rust pathogen,Puccinia recondita f. sp.tritici. The host reflected a differential interaction response towards these races, viz., susceptible reaction to race 77 (reaction type 4) intermediate reaction to race 104 (reaction type 1 - 3) and resistant reaction to race 63 (reaction type 0). Post-inoculation mutual interaction brought about observable changes in peroxidase activity along with leakage of electrolytes and phenolic constituents indicating altered permeability of host tissue. Differential...

Osmotic adjustment in tobacco plantlets

Jana Pospíšilová

Biologia plantarum 1988, 30:393-396 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02878199

UsingNicotiana tabacum L. plantlets cultivatedin vitro as a model system it was proved that osmotic adjustment may be caused by a decrease in water potential of substrate as well as by a decrease in air humidity.

Notice to biologia plantarum contributors

Biologia plantarum 1988, 30:397-400 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02878200