Biologia plantarum, 1971 (vol. 13), issue 3

Article

Differentiation of strains of sugar beet yellows virus on Tetragonia expansa Murr. and other indicator plants

J. Polák

Biologia plantarum 13:145-154, 1971 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02933630

Five different isolates of beet yellows virus were maintained without any changes in their properties onTetragonia expansaMurr. syn.T. tetragonoidesPall. for a long period of time. According to their characteristics and different properties especially in a diploid inbred line of sugar beet the isolates are considered to be strains of BYV and are classified into three groups: group of mild strains (the mild masked and mild strains), normal strains (the common strain) and necrotic strains (the severe necrotic and necrotic strains). The necrotic strains of BYV were relatively easily transmissible manually to sugar beet plants and other indicator...

Changeability of protein fractions and their amino acid composition during maturation of barley grain

S. Ivanko

Biologia plantarum 13:155-164, 1971 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02933631

The formation of the protein complex during barley grain maturation is characterized by unequal synthesis of different protein fractions. In ten day-old grain the dominating protein is glutelin, followed by albumin and globulin. The content of prolamin is at this stage negligible. Particularly after the eighteenth day of maturation intensive synthesis of prolamins begins, which continues during the entire maturing period in almost the same ratio as total N accumulation in the grain. From the twenty-fourth day the amount of prolamins exceeds that of glutelins, and at full maturity 50% of the proteins are prolamins. The glutelin content increases absolutely,...

The physiological activity of volatile substances of plants in air and water media

F. Plhák

Biologia plantarum 13:165-173, 1971 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02933632

Physiological effects of volatile substances released by the overground as well as by the underground organs of higher plants were studied. The activity of the volatile substances was tested both when these substances were allowed to act directly in the air and when they were dissolved in water in the form of solutions. Plants which do not contain essential oils or which are not rich in them as well as those abounding in essential oils and other volatiles were used in the experiments. The physiological activity of the volatile substances was tested on rye seedlings.
The overground as well as underground mature organs of the tested plants were found...

Influence of humus substances on the toxic effect of 2-methyl-4-chlorphenoxyacetic acid

Jarmila Plchotová, Z. Laštůvka

Biologia plantarum 13:174-183, 1971 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02933633

Effect of humus fractions on the toxicity of 2-methyl-4-chlorphenoxyacetic acid (MCPA) was examined in water cultures. Humus fractions and different MCPA quantities were added to Richter's nutrient solution used for maize (Zea mays L., cv. Kočovská raná) cultivation. The results show that MCPA and humus substances in the applied concentrations intensively influence the maize root system, especially the rhizodermis and apical meristem cells. MCPA reduces ion absorption, induces phosphorus excretion from root, reduces tissue hydratation and relatively quickly kills these cells, at the end stage and/or in the highest concentration. Humus fractions...

Comparison of the localization of nucleic acid synthesis during bud formation on leaf fragments and on intact undetached leaves of Begonia rex Putz.

Averil Chlyah, Marie Tran Thanh Van

Biologia plantarum 13:184-188, 1971 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02933634

The budding capacity ofBegonia rex leaf fragments is well known; that of undetached leaves has been shown by us only recently after treating the leaves with 6γγ DMAAP. Benzyladenine is as effective as 6γγ DMAAP in stimulating budding. Lower temperatures (17°, 22-12°, 12°) are also capable of inducing bud formation but only after a small cut has been made in a main vein of the undetached leaf. Root formation can also be provoked on undetached leaves which have a cut in the main leaf vein by higher temperatures (24-22°) or by an IAA treatment. Differences in the first stages of bud formation on leaf fragments and on undetached...

Autoradiography of tritiated uridine in shoot apices ofChenopodium rubrum

Frideta Seidlová

Biologia plantarum 13:189-192, 1971 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02933635

The incorporation of uridine-5-³H into shoot apices ofChenopodium rubrum, plants was studied using autoradiography. The evaluation of the rate of incorporation into the nucleolus and the extranucleolar part of the nucleus as a function of the total radioactivity in the apex yields quantitative data on the distribution of labeling in these parts of the nucleus. Incubation of intact germinating plants in uridine-³H makes it possible to carry out chase experiments.
Curves of uridine incorporation into the nucleolus and the extranucleolar part of the nucleus were obtained which demonstrated a non-linear course of incorporation....

Water balance of tissue segments from leaves of different insertion levels

Jana Pospíšilová

Biologia plantarum 13:193-199, 1971 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02933636

Actual heterogeneity of indicators of water balance was studied on tissue segments from leaves ofBrassica oleracea L. v.acephala andNicotiana tabacum L. under controlled conditions. Maximal values of transpiration rate, water absorption rate, water transport rate and low values of WSD at the same time were observed at an initial WSD of 0% in segments from middle leaves and at an initial WSD of 20% mostly in segments from upper leaves. Although the properties of leaf tissue itself were probably the basic factors determining the actual heterogeneity of indicators of water balance, without connection with all other factors (e....

Morphogenic studies in tissue cultures of the parasiteSantalum album L.

P. S. Rao, N. S. Rangaswamy

Biologia plantarum 13:200-206, 1971 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02933637

Whole seeds, excised embryos, and excised endosperm ofSantalum album were aseptically cultured with a view to studying seed germination in isolation from the host species, and to establishing callus cultures from both embryo and endosperm for comparative studies et their morphogenesis. Seed germination and seedling formation occurred normally only on modified White's medium supplemented with casein hydrolysate or coconut milk, or with both substances. Neither the excised embryo nor the endosperm grew on any of the culture media tested. However in about 17 per cent seed cultures on White's medium supplemented with 2,4-D, kinetin, and yeast extract,...

Brief Communications

M₁ chlorophyll chimeras induced by different mutagens and their M₂ chlorophyll mutation yields in rice

K. Karunakaran, Ibolya S. Kiss

Biologia plantarum 13:207-208, 1971 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02933638

Studies with gamma rays, fast neutrons, and EMS treatments in rice showed higher frequency of M₁ chlorophyll chimeras in the EMS treatments, a correlation between the frequencies of M₁ chlorophyll chimeras and M₂ chlorophyll mutants, and a higher M₂ mutation frequency in the progeny of chimerical M₁ plants compared to those of normal-looking plants.