Biologia plantarum 53:201-212, 2009 | DOI: 10.1007/s10535-009-0041-z

Agrobacterium-mediated genetic transformation of plants: The role of host

O. Karami1,*, M. Esna-Ashari2, G. Karimi Kurdistani3, B. Aghavaisi1
1 Department of Biotechnology, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamadan, Iran
2 Department of Horticulture, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamadan, Iran
3 Young Researchers Clop, Islamic Azad University, Sanandaj, Iran

Agrobacterium-mediated genetic transformation is the most widely used technology to obtain overexpression of recombinant proteins in plants. Molecular events that occur within Agrobacterium during interactions with host plants have been studied extensively, and now we have a reasonable understanding the key factors involved in the regulation of T-DNA nuclear import and genomic integration. By contrast, very little is known about the events that take place in the host cells during genetic transformation by Agrobacterium. Here, we describe the plant-related factors including genotype, genes, proteins, competency of target tissues and phenolic compounds that participate in Agrobacterium-mediated genetic transformation and discuss their possible roles in this process. Because Agrobacterium probably adapts existing cellular processes for its life cycle, identifying the processes in host cells during Agrobacterium infection might contribute to better understanding of basic biological processes as cell communication, intracellular transport and DNA repair and recombination as well as to expanding the host range of Agrobacterium as a genetic engineering tool.

Keywords: T-DNA; vir gene; VIR protein
Subjects: Agrobacterium rhizogenes; Agrobacterium tumefaciens; gene expression; phenols; target tissue; transgenic plants; vir gene; VIR protein

Received: July 15, 2008; Accepted: February 25, 2009; Published: June 1, 2009Show citation

ACS AIP APA ASA Harvard Chicago IEEE ISO690 MLA NLM Turabian Vancouver
Karami, O., Esna-Ashari, M., Kurdistani, G., & Aghavaisi, B. (2009). Agrobacterium-mediated genetic transformation of plants: The role of host. Biologia plantarum, 53(2), 201-212. doi: 10.1007/s10535-009-0041-z.
Download citation
  • BibTeX (.bib)
  • Bookends (.ris)
  • EasyBib (.ris)
  • EndNote (.enw)
  • EndNote 8 (.xml)
  • ISI WoS (.isi)
  • Medlars (.medlars)
  • Mendeley (.ris)
  • MODS (.xml)
  • Papers (.ris)
  • RefWorks (.txt)
  • RefManager (.ris)
  • RIS (.ris)
  • MS Word (.xml)
  • Zotero (.ris)

    • Open full article

    References

    1. Akira, S., Takeda, K.: Toll-like receptor signalling.-Nat. Rev. Immunol. 4: 499-511, 2004. Go to original source...
    2. Aldemita, R.R., Hodges, T.K.: Agrobacterium tumefaciens mediated transformation of japonica and indica rice varieties.-Planta 199: 612-617, 1996. Go to original source...
    3. Anand, A., Vaghchhipawala, Z., Ryu, C.M., Kang, L., Wang, K., Del-Pozo, O., Martin, G.B., Mysore, K.S.: Identification and characterization of plant genes involved in Agrobacterium-mediated plant transformation by virus-induced gene silencing.-Mol. Plant Microbe Interact. 20: 41-52, 2007. Go to original source...
    4. Anderson, A., Moore, L.: Host specificity in the genus Agrobacterium.-Phytopathology 69: 320-323, 1979. Go to original source...
    5. Arencibia, AD., Carmona, E.R.C., Tellez, P., Chan, M.T., Yu, S.M., Trujillo, L.E., Oramas, P.: An efficient protocol for sugarcane (Saccharum spp. L.) transformation mediated by Agrobacterium tumefaciens.-Transgenic Res. 7: 213-222, 1998. Go to original source...
    6. Baek, S.H., Shapleigh, J.P.: Expression of nitrite and nitric oxide reductases in free-living and plant-associated Agrobacterium tumefaciens C58 cells.-Appl. environ. Microbiol. 71: 4427-36, 2005. Go to original source...
    7. Bakó, L., Umeda, M., Tiburcio, A.F., Schell, J., Koncz, C.: The VirD2 pilot protein of Agrobacterium-transferred DNA interacts with the TATA box-binding protein and a nuclear protein kinase in plants.-Proc. nat. Acad. Sci. USA 100: 10108-10113, 2003. Go to original source...
    8. Ballas, N., Citovsky, V.: Nuclear localization of signal binding protein from Arabidopsis mediates nuclear import of Agrobacterium VirD2 protein.-Proc. nat. Acad. Sci. USA 94: 10723-10728, 1997. Go to original source...
    9. Beneddra, T., Picard, C., Nesme, X.: Correlation between susceptibility to crown gall and sensitivity to cytokinin in aspen cultivars.-Phytopathology 86: 225-231, 1996. Go to original source...
    10. Bergmann, B., Stomp, A.M.: Effect of host plant genotype and growth rate on Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated gall formation in Pinus radiata.-Phytopathology 82: 1457-1462, 1992. Go to original source...
    11. Braun, A.: Thermal studies on the factors responsible for tumour induction in crown gall.-Amer. J. Bot. 34: 234-240, 1947. Go to original source...
    12. Braun, A.: The physiology of plant tumors.-Annu. Rev. Plant Physiol. 5: 133-192, 1954. Go to original source...
    13. Bříza, J., Pavingerová, D., Přikrylová, P., Gazdová, J., Vlasák, J., Niedermeierová, H.: Use of phosphomannose isomerase-based selection system for Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of tomato and potato.-Biol. Plant. 52: 453-461, 2008.
    14. Burr, T.J., Bazzi, C., Sule, S., Otten, L.: Crown gall of grape: biology of Agrobacterium vitis and the development of disease control strategies.-Plant Dis. 82: 1288-1297, 1998. Go to original source...
    15. Carlos, H., Carvalho, S., Zehr, U.B., Gunaratna, N., Anderson, J., Kononowicz, H.H., Hodges, T.K., Axtell, J.D.: Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of sorghum: factors that affect transformation efficiency.-Genet. Mol. Biol. 27: 259-269, 2004.
    16. Carvalho, C.H.S., Zehr, U.B., Gunaratna, N., Anderson, J.M., Kononowicz, H.H., Hodges, T.K., Axtell, J.D.: Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of sorghum: factors that affect transformation efficiency.-Genet. mol. Biol. 27: 259-269, 2004. Go to original source...
    17. Chateau, S., Sangwa, R.S., Sangwan-Norreel, B.S.: Competence of Arabidopsis thaliana genotypes and mutants for Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated gene transfer: role of phytohormones.-J. exp. Bot. 51: 1961-1968, 2000.
    18. Cheng, M., Fry, J.E.: An improved efficient Agrobacterium-mediated plant transformation method.-Int. Patent Publ. WO 0034/491, 2000.
    19. Cheng, M., Fry, J.E., Pang, S., Zhou, H., Hironaka, C.M., Duncan, D.R., Conner, T., Wan, Y.: Genetic transformation of wheat mediated by Agrobacterium tumefaciens.-Plant Physiol. 115: 971-980, 1997. Go to original source...
    20. Cheng, M., Hu, T., Layton, J.I., Lium, C.N., Fry, J.E.: Desiccation of plant tissues post Agrobacterium infection enhances T-DNA delivery and increases stable transformation efficiency in wheat.-In Vitro cell. dev. Biol. Plant. 39: 595-604, 2003. Go to original source...
    21. Cheng, M., Lowe, B.A., Spencer, M., Ye, X., Armstrong, C.L.: Factors influencing Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of monocotyledonous species.-In Vitro cell. dev. Biol. Plant. 40: 31-45, 2004. Go to original source...
    22. Cho, M.-A., Moon, C.-Y., Liu, J.-R., Choi, P.-S.: Agrobacterium-mediated transformation in Citrullus lanatus.-Biol. Plant. 52: 365-369, 2008. Go to original source...
    23. Christie, P.J., Atmakuri, K., Krishnamoorthy, V., Jakubowski, S., Cascales, E.: Biogenesis, architecture, and function of bacterial type IV secretion systems.-Annu. Rev. Microbiol. 59: 451-485, 2005. Go to original source...
    24. Confalonieri, M., Balestrazzi, A., Cella, R.: Genetic transformation of Populus deltoides and Populus euramericana clones using Agrobacterium tumefaciens.-Plant Cell Tissue Organ Cult. 48: 53-61, 1997. Go to original source...
    25. Davis, M.E., Miller, A.R., Lineberger, R.D.: Temporal competence for transformation of Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. cotyledons by Agrobacterium tumefaciens: relation to wound-healing and soluble plant factors.-J. exp. Bot. 42: 35-64, 1991. Go to original source...
    26. De Block, M.: Factors influencing the tissue culture and Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation of hybrid aspen and poplar clones.-Plant Physiol. 93: 1110-1116, 1990. Go to original source...
    27. De Cleene, M., De Ley, J.: The host range of crown gall.-Bot. Rev. 42: 389-466, 1976. Go to original source...
    28. De Kathen, A., Jacobsen, H.-J.: Cell competence for Agrobacterium-mediated DNA transfer in Pisum sativum L.-Transgen. Res. 4: 184-191, 1995. Go to original source...
    29. Ditt, R.F., Kerr, K.F., Figueiredo, P., Delrow, J., Comai, L., Nester, E.W.: The Arabidopsis thaliana transcriptome in response to Agrobacterium tumefaciens.-Mol. Plant Microbe Interact. 19: 665-681, 2006. Go to original source...
    30. Ditt, R.F., Nester, E.W., Comai, L.: Plant gene expression response to Agrobacterium tumefaciens.-Proc. nat. Acad. Sci. USA 98: 10954-10959, 2001. Go to original source...
    31. Ditt, R.F., Nester, E., Comai, L.: The plant cell defense and Agrobacterium tumefaciens.-FEMS Microbiol. Lett. 247: 207-213, 2005. Go to original source...
    32. Djamei, A., Pitzschke, A., Nakagami, H., Rajh, I., Hirt, H.: Trojan horse strategy in Agrobacterium transformation: abusing MAPK defense signaling.-Science 318: 453-456, 2007. Go to original source...
    33. Doty, S.L., Yu, N.C., Lundin, J.I., Heath, J.D., Nester, E.W.: Mutational analysis of the input domain of the VirA protein of Agrobacterium tumefaciens.-J. Bacteriol. 4: 961-970, 1996. Go to original source...
    34. Dunoyer, P., Himber, C., Voinnet, O.: Induction, suppression and requirement of RNA silencing pathways in virulent Agrobacterium tumefaciens infections.-Nat. Genet. 38: 258-262, 2006. Go to original source...
    35. Durrant, W.E., Dong, X.: Systemic acquired resistance.-Annu. Rev. Phytopathol. 42: 185-209, 2004. Go to original source...
    36. Duval, B., Shetty, K.: The stimulation of phenolics and antioxidant activity in pea (Pisum sativum) elicited by genetically transformed anise root extract.-J. Food Biochem. 25: 361-377, 2001. Go to original source...
    37. Enriquez-Obregon, G.A., Prieto-Samsonov, D.L., De la Riva, G.A., Perez, M.I., Selman Housein, G., Vazquez-Padron, R.I.: Agrobacterium-mediated Japonica rice transformation: a procedure assisted by an antinecrotic treatment.-Plant Cell Tissue Organ Cult. 59: 1659-168l, 1999. Go to original source...
    38. Fang, Y.D., Akula, C., Altpete, F.: Agrobacterium-mediated barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) transformation using green fluorescent protein as a visual marker and sequence analysis of the T-DNA::barley genomic DNA junctions.-J. Plant Physiol. 159: 1131-1138, 2002. Go to original source...
    39. Fortin, C., Nester, E.W., Dion, P.: Growth inhibition and loss of virulence in cultures of Agrobacterium tumefaciens treated with acetosyringone.-J. Bacteriol. 174: 5676-5685, 1992. Go to original source...
    40. Friesner, J., Britt, A.B.: Ku80-and DNA ligase IV-deficient plants are sensitive to ionizing radiation and defective in T-DNA integration.-Plant J. 34: 427-440, 2003. Go to original source...
    41. Gallego, M.E., Bleuyard, J.Y., Daoudal-Cotterell, S., Jallut, N., White, C.I.: Ku80 plays a role in nonhomologous recombination but is not required for T-DNA integration in Arabidopsis.-Plant J. 35: 557-565, 2003. Go to original source...
    42. Gao, Z., Xie, X., Ling, Y., Muthukrishnan, S., Liang, G.H.: Agro-bacterium tumefaciens-mediated sorghum transformation using a mannose selection system.-Plant Biotechnol. J. 3: 591-599, 2005. Go to original source...
    43. Gaspar, Y.M., Nam, J., Schultz, C.J., Lee, L.Y., Gilson, P.R., Gelvin, S.B., Bacic, A.: Characterization of the Arabidopsis lysine-rich arabinogalactan-protein AtAGP17 mutant (rat1) that results in a decreased efficiency of Agrobacterium transformation.-Plant Physiol. 135: 2162-2171, 2004. Go to original source...
    44. Geier, T., Sangwan, R.S.: Histology and chemical segregation reveal cell-specific differences in the competence for regeneration and Agrobacterium-mediated transformation in Kohleria internode explants.-Plant Cell Rep. 15: 386-390, 1996. Go to original source...
    45. Gelvin, S.B.: Agrobacterium-mediated plant transformation: the biology behind the 'gene-jockeying' tool.-Microbiol. mol. Biol. Rev. 67: 16-37, 2003. Go to original source...
    46. Gordon-Kamm, W., Dilkes, B.P., Lowe, K., Hoerster, G., Sun, X., Oss, M., Church, L., Bunde, C., Farrell, J., Maddock, S., Synder, J., Ykes, L., Li, Z., Woo, Y.M., Idney, D., Larkins, B.A.: Stimulation of the cell cycle and maize transformation by disruption of the plant retinoblastoma pathway.-Proc. nat. Acad. Sci. USA 99: 11975-11980, 2002. Go to original source...
    47. Grant, M., Lamb, C.: Systemic immunity.-Curr. Opin. Plant Biol. 9: 414-420, 2006.
    48. Hansen, G.: Evidence for Agrobacterium-induced apoptosis in maize cells.-Mol. Plant-Microbe Interact. 13: 649-657, 2000. Go to original source...
    49. Hansen, G., Durham, N.C.: Plant transformation methods.-US Patent No. 6,162,965, 2000.
    50. Heath, J.D., Boulton, M.L., Raineri, D.M., Doty, S.L., Mushegian, A.R., Harles, T.C., Davies, J.W., Nester, E.W.: Discrete regions f the sensor protein virA determine the strain-specific ability of Agrobacterium to agroinfect maize.-Mol. Plant-Microbe Interact. 10: 221-227, 1997. Go to original source...
    51. Herath, S.P., Suzuki, T., Hattori, K.: Factors influencing Agrobacterium-mediated genetic transformation of kenaf.-Plant Cell Tissue Organ Cult. 82: 201-206, 2005. Go to original source...
    52. Hiei, Y., Komari, T., Kubo, T.: Transformation of rice mediated by Agrobacterium tumefaciens.-Plant mol. Biol. 35: 205-218, 1997. Go to original source...
    53. Hiei, Y., Ohta, S., Komari, T., Kumashiro, T.: Efficient transformation of rice (Oryza sativa L.) mediated by Agrobacterium and sequence analysis of the boundaries of the T-DNA.-Plant J. 6: 271-282, 1994. Go to original source...
    54. Hood, E.E., Fraley, R.T., Chilton, M.-D.: Virulence of Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain A281 on legumes.-Plant Physiol. 83: 529-534, 1987. Go to original source...
    55. Hwang, H.H., Gelvin, S.B.: Plant proteins that interact with VirB2, the Agrobacterium tumefaciens pilin protein, mediate plant transformation.-Plant Cell 16: 3148-3167, 2004. Go to original source...
    56. Ingle, R.A., Carstens, M., Denby, K.J.: PAMP recognition and the plant-pathogen arms race.-Bioessays 28: 880-889, 2006. Go to original source...
    57. Ishida, Y., Saito, H., Ohta, S., Hiei, Y., Komari, T., Kumashiro, T.: High efficiency transformation of maize (Zea mays L.) mediated by Agrobacterium tumefaciens.-Nat. Biotechnol. 14: 745-750, 1996. Go to original source...
    58. James, D.J., Uratsu, S., Cheng, J., Negri, P., Viss, P., Dandekar, A.M.: Acetosyringone and osmoprotectants like betaine or proline synergistically enhance Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of apple.-Plant Cell Rep. 12: 559-563, 1993. Go to original source...
    59. Jin, S., Roitisch, T., Christie, P.J., Nester, E.W.: The regulatory VirG protein specifically binds to a cis acting regulatory sequence involved in transcriptional activation of Agrobacterium tumefaciens virulence genes.-J. Bacteriol. 172: 531-537, 1990. Go to original source...
    60. Johnson, T.M., Das, A.: Organization and regulation of expression of the Agrobacterium virulence genes.-In: Spaink, H.P., Kondorosi, A., Hooykaas, P.J.J. (ed.): The Rhizobiaceae: Molecular Biology of Model Plant-Associated Bacteria. Pp. 265-279. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht 1998. Go to original source...
    61. Jones, J.D.G., Dangl, J.L.: The plant immune system.-Nature 444: 323-329, 2006. Go to original source...
    62. Joubert, P., Beaupère, D., Lelièvre, P., Wadouachi, A., Sangwan, R.S., Sangwan-Norreel, B.S.: Effects of phenolic compounds on Agrobacterium vir genes and gene transfer induction a plausible molecular mechanism of phenol binding protein activation.-Plant Sci. 162: 733-743, 2002. Go to original source...
    63. Kant, P., Kant, S., Jain, R.K., Chaudhury, V.K.: Agrobacterium-mediated high frequency transformation in dwarf recalcitrant rice cultivars.-Biol. Plant. 51: 61-68, 2007. Go to original source...
    64. Karami, O., Deljou, A., Kordestani, G.K.: Secondary somatic embryogenesis of carnation (Dianthus caryophyllus).-Plant Cell Tissue Organ Cult. 92: 273-280, 2008. Go to original source...
    65. Karami, O., Deljou, A., Mahmodi Pour, A.: Repetitive somatic embryogenesis in carnation on picloram supplemented media.-Plant Growth Regul. 51: 33-39, 2007. Go to original source...
    66. Komari, T., Kubo, T.: Methods in genetic transformation: Agrobacterium tumefaciens.-In: Vasil, I.K. (ed.): Molecular Improvement of Cereal Crops. Pp. 43-83. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht 1999. Go to original source...
    67. Kumlehn, J., Serazetdinora, L., Hensel, G., Becker, D., Loerz, H.: Genetic transformation of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) via infection of androgenetic pollen culture with Agrobacterum tumefaciens.-Plant Biotechnol. J. 4: 251-258, 2006. Go to original source...
    68. Lacroix, B., Li, J., Tzfira, T., Citovsky, V.: Will you let me use your nucleus? How Agrobacterium gets its T-DNA expressed in the host plant cell.-Can. J. Physiol. Pharmacol. 84: 333-345, 2006b. Go to original source...
    69. Lacroix, B., Tzfira, T., Vainstein, A., Citovsky, V.: A case of promiscuity: Agrobacterium's endless hunt for new partners.-Trends Genet. 22: 29-37, 2006a. Go to original source...
    70. Lacroix, B., Vaidya, M., Tzfira, T., Citovsky, V.: The VirE3 protein of Agrobacterium mimics a host cell function required for plant genetic transformation.-EMBO J. 24: 428-437, 2005. Go to original source...
    71. Li, J., Krichevsky, A., Vaidya, M., Tzfira, T., Citovsky, V.: Uncoupling of the functions of the Arabidopsis VIP1 protein in transient and stable plant genetic transformation by Agrobacterium.-Proc. nat. Acad. Sci. USA 102: 5733-5738, 2005. Go to original source...
    72. Li, X-Q., Liu, C.-N., Ritchie, S.W., Peng, J.Y., Gelvin, S.B., Hodgcs, TK.: Factors influencing Agrobacterium-mediated transient expression of gusA in rice.-Plant mol. Biol. 20: 1037-1048, 1992. Go to original source...
    73. Lippincott, B.B., Whatley, M.H., Lippincott, J.A.: Tumor induction by Agrobacterium involves attachment of bacterium to a site on host plant-cell wall.-Plant Physiol. 59: 388-390, 1977. Go to original source...
    74. Liu, P., Nester, E.W.: Indoleacetic acid, a product of transferred DNA, inhibits vir gene expression and growth of Agrobacterium tumefaciens C58.-Proc. nat. Acad. Sci. USA 103: 4658-4662, 2006. Go to original source...
    75. Lowe, B.A., Krul, W.R.: Physical, chemical, developmental, and genetic factors that modulate the Agrobacterium-Vitis interaction.-Plant Physiol. 96: 121-129, 1991. Go to original source...
    76. Loyter, A., Rosenbluh, J., Zakai, N., Li, J., Kozlovsky, S.V., Tzfira, T., Citovsky, V.: The plant VirE2 interacting protein 1. A molecular link between the Agrobacterium T-complex and the host cell chromatin?-Plant Physiol 138: 1318-1321, 2005. Go to original source...
    77. Mannie, S., Morgens, P.H., Scorza, R., Cordts, J.M., Callahan, A.M.: Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of plum (Prunus domestica L.) hypocotyl slices and regeneration of transgenic plant.-Natur. Biotechnol. 9: 853-857, 1991.
    78. Maresh, J., Zhang, J., Lynn, D.G.: The innate immunity of maize and the dynamic chemical strategies regulating two-component signal transduction in Agrobacterium tumefaciens.-ACS Chem. Biol. 1: 165-175, 2006.
    79. McCormac, A.C., Wu, H., Bao, M., Wang, Y., Xu, R., Elliot, C.M., Chen, D.F.: The use of visual marker genes as cell specific reporters of Agrobacterium-mediated T-DNA delivery to wheat (Triticum aestium L.) and barley (Hordeum vulgare L.).-Euphytica 99: 17-25, 1998. Go to original source...
    80. McCullen, C.A., Binns, A.N.: Agrobacterium tumefaciens and plant cell interactions and activities required for interkingdom macromolecular transfer.-Annu. Rev. cell. dev. Biol. Plant 22: 101-127, 2006. Go to original source...
    81. Mondal, T.K., Bhattacharya, A., Ahuja, P.S., Chand, P.K.: Transgenic tea (Camellia sinensis (L) O. Kuntze cv. Kangra Jat) plants obtained by Agrobacterium mediated transformation of somatic embryos.-Plant Cell Rep. 20: 712-720, 2001. Go to original source...
    82. Mysore, K.S., Nam, J., Gelvin, S.B.: An Arabidopsis histone H2A mutant is deficient in Agrobacterium T-DNA integration.-Proc. nat. Acad. Sci. USA 97: 948-953, 2000. Go to original source...
    83. Nadolska-Orczyk, A., Orczyk, W.: Study of the factors influencing Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of pea (Pisum sativum L.).-Mol. Breed. 6: 185-194, 2000. Go to original source...
    84. Nam, J., Matthysse, A.G., Gelvin, S.B.: Differences in susceptibility of Arabidopsis ecotypes to crown gall disease may result from a deficiency in T-DNA integration.-Plant Cell 9: 317-333, 1997. Go to original source...
    85. Nam, J., Mysore, K.S., Zheng, C., Knue, M.K., Matthysse, A.G., Gelvin, S.B.: Identification of T-DNA tagged Arabidopsis mutants that are resistant to transformation by Agrobacterium.-Mol. gen. Genet. 261: 429-438, 1999. Go to original source...
    86. Nandakumar, R., Chen, L., Rogers, S.M.D.: Factors affecting the Agrobacterium-mediated transient transformation of the wetland monocot, Typha latifolia.-Plant Cell Tissue Organ Cult. 79: 31-38, 2004. Go to original source...
    87. Olhoft, P.M., Flagel, L.E., Donovan, C.M., Somers, D.A.: Efficient soybean transformation using hygromycin B selection in the cotyledonary-node method.-Planta 216: 723-735, 2003.
    88. Owens, L.D., Cress, D.E.: Genotypic to variability of soybean response Agrobacterium strains harboring the Ti or Ri plasmids.-Plant Physiol. 77: 87-94, 1984.
    89. Parrott, D.L., Anderson, A.J., Carman, J.G.: Agrobacterium induces plant cell death in wheat (Triticum estivum L.).-Physiol. mol. Plant Pathol. 60: 59-69, 2002. Go to original source...
    90. Paulsson, M., Wadstrom, T.: Vitronectin and type-I collagen binding by Staphylococcus aureus and coagulase-negative streptococci.-FEMS Microbiol. Immunol. 65: 55-62, 1990. Go to original source...
    91. Perl, A., Lotan, O., Abu-Abeid, M., Holland, D.: Establishment of an Agrobacterium-mediated genetic transformation system for grape (Vitis vinifera L.): the role of antioxidants during grape-Agrobacterium interaction.-Natur. Biotechnol. 14: 624-628, 1996. Go to original source...
    92. Porter, J.R.: Host range and implications of plant infection by Agrobacterium rhizogenes.-Crit. Rev. Plant Sci. 10: 387-421, 1991. Go to original source...
    93. Potrykus, I.: Gene transfers to plants: assessment of published approaches and results.-Annu. Rev. Plant Physiol. Plant mol. Biol. 42: 205-225, 1991. Go to original source...
    94. Potrykus, I.: Gene transfer to cereal: an assessment.-Natur. Biotechnol. 8: 535-542, 1990. Go to original source...
    95. Pu, X.A., Goodman, R.N.: Induction of necrogenesis by Agrobacterium tumefaciens on grape explants.-Physiol. mol. Plant Pathol. 41: 245-254, 1992. Go to original source...
    96. Rashid, H., Yokoi, S., Toriyama, K., Hinata, K.: Transgenic plant production mediated by Agrobacterium in indica rice.-Plant Cell Rep. 15: 727-730, 1996. Go to original source...
    97. Regensburg-Tuink, A.J., Hooykaas, P.J.J.: Transgenic N. glauca plants expressing bacterial virulence gene virF are converted into hosts for nopaline strains of A. tumefaciens.-Nature 363: 69-71, 1993. Go to original source...
    98. Repellin, A., Baga, M., Jauhar, P.P., Chibbar, R.N.: Genetic enrichment of cereal crops via alien gene transfer: new challenges.-Plant Cell Tissue Organ. Cult. 64: 159-183, 2001. Go to original source...
    99. Ritchie, S.W., Liu, C.-N., Sellmer, J.C., Kononowicz, H., Hodges, T.K.: Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated expression of gusA in maize tissues.-Transgenic Res. 2: 252-265, 1993. Go to original source...
    100. Roberts, R.L., Metz, M., Monks, D.E., Mullaney, M.L., Hall, T., Nester, E.W.: Purine synthesis and increased Agrobacterium tumefaciens transformation of yeast and plants.-Proc. nat. Acad. Sci. USA 100: 6634-6639, 2003. Go to original source...
    101. Salas, M.G., Park, S.H., Srivatanakul, M., Smith, R.H.: Temperature influence on stable T-DNA integration in plant cells.-Plant Cell Rep. 20: 701-705, 2001. Go to original source...
    102. Saini, R., Jaiwal, P.K.: Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transfromation of blackgram: an assessment of factors influencing the efficiency of uidA gene transfer.-Biol. Plant. 51: 75-79, 2007. Go to original source...
    103. Sangwan, R.S., Bourgeois, Y., Brown, S., Vasseur, G., Sangwan-Norreel, B.S.: Characterization of competent cells and early events of Agrobacterium-mediated genetic transformation in Arabidopsis thaliana.-Planta 188: 439-456, 1992. Go to original source...
    104. Santarem, E.R., Trick, H.N., Essig, J.S., Finer, J.J.: Sonication-assisted Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of soybean immature cotyledons: optimization of transient expression.-Plant Cell Rep. 17: 752-759, 1998. Go to original source...
    105. Schlappi, M., Hohn, B.: Competence of immature maize embryos for Agrobacterium-mediated gene transfer.-Plant Cell 4: 7-16, 1992. Go to original source...
    106. Schrammeijer, B., Risseeuw, E., Pansegrau, W., Regensburg-Tuink, T.J., Crosby, W.L., Hooykaas, P.J.: Interaction of the virulence protein VirF of Agrobacterium tumefaciens with plant homologs of the yeast Skp1 protein.-Curr. Biol. 11: 258-262, 2001. Go to original source...
    107. Shou, H., Frame, B.R., Whitham, S.A., Wang, K.: Assessment of transgenic maize events produced by particle bombardment or Agrobacterium-mediated transformation.-Mol. Breed. 13: 201-208, 2004. Go to original source...
    108. Shrawat, A.K., Beckera, D., Lörz, H.: Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated genetic transformation of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.).-Plant Sci. 172: 281-290, 2007. Go to original source...
    109. Spencer, P.A., Tanaka, A., Towers, G.H.N.: An Agrobacterium signal compound from grapevine cultivars.-Phytochemistry 29: 3785-3788, 1990. Go to original source...
    110. Stachel, S.E., Messens, E., Van Montagu, M., Zambryski, P.: Identification of the signal molecules produced by wounded plant cells that activate T-DNA transfer in Agrobacterium tumefaciens.-Nature 318: 624-629, 1985. Go to original source...
    111. Sunilkumar, G., Rathore, K.S.: Transgenic cotton: factors influencing Agrobacterium-mediated transformation and regeneration.-Mol. Breed. 8: 37-52, 2001. Go to original source...
    112. Tao, Y., Rao, P.K., Bhattacharjee, S., Gelvin, S.B.: Expression of plant protein phosphatase 2C interferes with nuclear import of the Agrobacterium T-complex protein VirD2.-Proc. nat. Acad. Sci. USA 101: 5164-5169, 2004. Go to original source...
    113. Tingay, S., McElroy, D., Kalla, R., Fieg, S., Wang, M., Thornton, S., Brettell, R.: Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated barley transformation.-Plant J. 11: 1369-1376, 1997. Go to original source...
    114. Tinland, B., Schoumacher, F., Gloeckler, V., Bravo-Angel, A.M., Hohn, B.: The Agrobacterium tumefaciens virulence D2 protein is responsible for precise integration of T-DNA into the plant genome.-EMBO J. 14: 3585-3595, 1995. Go to original source...
    115. Toki, S.: Rapid and efficient Agrobacterium-mediated transformation in rice.-Plant mol. Biol. Rep. 15: 16-21, 1997. Go to original source...
    116. Trifonova, A., Madsen, S., Olesen, A.: Agrobacterium-mediated transgene delivery and integration into barley under a range of in vitro culture conditions.-Plant Sci. 161: 871-880, 2001. Go to original source...
    117. Turk, S.C.H.J., Melchers, L.S., Den Dulk-Ras, H., Regensburg-Tuink, A.J.G., Hooykaas, P.J.J.: Environmental conditions differentially affect vir gene induction in different Agrobacterium strains. Role of the virA sensor protein.-Plant mol. Biol. 16: 1051-1059, 1991. Go to original source...
    118. Tzfira, T., Citovsky, V.: Agrobacterium-mediated genetic transformation of plants: biology and biotechnology.-Curr. Opin. Biotechnol. 17: 147-154, 2006. Go to original source...
    119. Tzfira, T., Citovsky, V.: Partners-in-infection: host proteins involved in the transformation of plant cells by Agrobacterium.-Trends cell. Biol. 12: 121-129, 2002. Go to original source...
    120. Tzfira, T., Li, J., Lacroix, B., Citovsky, V.: Agrobacterium T-DNA integration: molecules and models.-Trends Genet. 20: 375-383, 2004b. Go to original source...
    121. Tzfira, T., Vaidya, M., Citovsky, V.: VIP1, an Arabidopsis protein that interacts with Agrobacterium VirE2, is involved in VirE2 nuclear import and Agrobacterium infectivity.-EMBO J. 20: 3596-3607, 2001. Go to original source...
    122. Tzfira, T., Vaidya, M., Citovsky, V.: Increasing plant susceptibility to Agrobacterium infection by overexpression of the Arabidopsis nuclear protein VIP1.-Proc. nat. Acad. Sci. USA 99: 10435-10440, 2002. Go to original source...
    123. Tzfira, T., Vaidya, M., Citovsky, V.: Involvement of targeted proteolysis in plant genetic transformation by Agrobacterium.-Nature 431: 87-92, 2004a. Go to original source...
    124. Urushibara, S., Tozawa, Y., Kawagishi-Kobayashi, M., Wakasa, K.: Efficient transformation of suspension-cultured rice cells mediated by Agrobacterium tumefaciens.-Breed. Sci. 5: 33-38, 2001. Go to original source...
    125. Usami, S., Morikawa, S., Takebe, I., Machida, Y.: Absence of monocotyledonous plants of the diffusible plant factors inducing T-DNA circulation and vir gene expression in Agrobacterium.-Mol. gen. Genet. 290: 221-226, 1987. Go to original source...
    126. Valvekens, D., Van Montagu, M., Van-Lijsebettens, M.: Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation of Arabidopsis thaliana root explants by using kanamycin selection.-Proc. nat. Acad. Sci. USA 85: 5536-5540, 1988. Go to original source...
    127. Van Attikum, H., Hooykaas, P.J.J.: Genetic requirements for the targeted integration of Agrobacterium T-DNA in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.-Nucl. Acids Res. 102: 12265-12269, 2003. Go to original source...
    128. Van Attikum, H., Bundock, P., Hooykaas, P.J.J.: Nonhomologous end-joining proteins are required for Agrobacterium T-DNA integration.-EMBO J. 20: 6550-6558, 2001. Go to original source...
    129. Van der Hoorn, R.A.L., Laurentm, F., Roth, R., De Wit, P.J.G.M.: Agroinfiltration is a versatile tool that facilitates comparative analyses of Avr9/Cf-9-induced and Avr4/Cf-4-induced necrosis.-Mol. Plant-Microbe Interact. 13: 439-446, 2000. Go to original source...
    130. Van Roekel, J.S.C., Damm, B., Melchers, L.S., Hoekema, A.: Factors influencing transformation frequency of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum).-Plant Cell Rep. 12: 644-647, 1993. Go to original source...
    131. Veena, J.H., Doerge, R.W., Gelvin, S.B.: Transfer of T-DNA and Vir proteins to plant cells by Agrobacterium tumefaciens induces expression of host genes involved in mediating transformation and suppresses host defense gene expression.-Plant J. 35: 219-226, 2003.
    132. Vergunst, A.C., Schrammeijer, B., Den Dulk-Ras, A., De Vlaam, C.M.T., Regensburg-Tuink, T.J., Hooykaas, P.J.J.: VirB/D4-dependent protein translocation from Agrobacterium into plant cells.-Science 290: 979-982, 2000. Go to original source...
    133. Villemont, E., Dubois, F., Sangwan, R.S., Vasseur, G., Bourgeois, Y., Sangwan-Norreel, B.S.: Role of the host cell cycle in the Agrobacterium-mediated genetic transformation of Petunia: evidence of an S-phase control mechanism for T-DNA transfer.-Planta 201: 160-172, 1997. Go to original source...
    134. Wagner, V.T., Matthysse, A.G.: Involvement of vitronectin-like protein in attachment of Agrobacterium tumefaciens to carrot suspension culture cells.-J. Bacteriol. 174: 5999-6003, 1992. Go to original source...
    135. Wang, M.-B., Abbott, D.C., Upadhyaya, N.M., Jacobsen, J.V., Aterhouse, P.M.: Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated ransformation of an elite Australian barley cultivar with virus resistance and reporter genes.-Aust. J. Plant Physiol. 28: 149-156, 2001.
    136. Winans, S.C., Kerstetter, R.A., Nester, E.W.: Transcriptional regulation of the virA and virG genes of Agrobacterium tumefaciens.-J. Bacteriol. 170: 4047-4054, 1988. Go to original source...
    137. Wroblewski, T., Tomczak, A., Michelmore, R.: Optimization of Agrobacterium-mediated transient assays of gene expression in lettuce, tomato and Arabidopsis.-Plant Biotechnol. J. 3: 259-273, 2005. Go to original source...
    138. Wu, H., Sparks, C., Amoah, B., Jones, H.D.: Factors influencing successful Agrobacterium-mediated genetic transformation of wheat.-Plant Cell Rep. 21: 659-668, 2003.
    139. Yanofsky, M., Montoya, A., Knauf, V., Lowe, B., Gordon, M., Nester, E.: Limited-host-range plasmid of Agrobacterium tumefaciens: molecular and genetic analyses of transferred DNA.-J. Bacteriol. 163: 341-348, 1985.
    140. Yu, C., Huang, S., Chen, C., Deng, Z., Ling, P., Gmitter, F.G.: Factors affecting Agrobacterium-mediated transformation and regeneration of sweet orange and citrange.-Plant Cell Tissue Organ Cult. 71: 147-155, 2002. Go to original source...
    141. Zambre, M., Terryn, N., De Clercq, J., De Buck, S., Dillen, W., Montagu, M.V., Straeten, D.V.D., Angenon, G.: Light strongly promotes gene transfer from Agrobacterium.-Planta 216: 580-586, 2003.
    142. Zhang, G.N., Jia, J.F., Hao, J.G., Wang, X.R., He, T.: Plant regeneration from mesophyll protoplasts of Agrobacterium rhizogenes-transformed Astragalus melilotoides.-Biol. Plant. 52: 373-376, 2008. Go to original source...
    143. Zhang, J., Boone, L., Kocz, R., Zhang, C., Binns, A.N., Lynn, D.G.: At the maize/Agrobacterium interface: natural factors limiting host transformation.-Chem. Biol. 7: 611-621, 2000. Go to original source...
    144. Zhao, Z., Cai, T., Tagliani, L., Miller, M., Wang, N., Pang, H., Rudert, M., Schroeder, S., Hondred, D., Seltzer, J., Pierce, D.: Agrobacterium-mediated sorghum transformation.-Plant mol. Biol. 44: 789-798, 2000. Go to original source...
    145. Zhu, Y., Nam, J., Carpita, N.C., Matthysse, A.G., Gelvin, S.B.: Agrobacterium-mediated root transformation is inhibited by mutation of an Arabidopsis cellulose synthase-like gene.-Plant Physiol. 133: 1000-1010, 2003a. Go to original source...
    146. Zhu, Y., Nam, J., Humara, J.M., Mysore, K., Lee, L.Y., Cao, H., Valentine, L., Li, J., Kaiser, AD., Kopecky, A.L., Hwang, H.H., Bhattacharjee, S., Rao, P.K., Tzfira, T., Rajagopal, J., Yi, H., Yadav, B.S., Crane, Y.M., Lin, K., Larcher, Y., Gelvin, M.J., Knue, M., Ramos, C., Zhao, X., Davis, S.J., Kim, S.I., Ranjith-Kumar, C.T., Choi, Y.J., Hallan, V.K., Chattopadhyay, S., Sui, X., Ziemienowicz, A., Matthysse, A.G., Citovsky, V., Hohn, B., Gelvin, S.B.: Identification of Arabidopsis rat mutants.-Plant Physiol. 132: 494-505, 2003b. Go to original source...
    147. Zipfel, C., Felix, G.: Plants and animals: a different taste for microbes?-Curr. Opin. Plant Biol. 8: 353-360, 2005.
    148. Zipfel, C., Kunze, G., Chinchilla, D., Caniard, A., Jones, J.D.G., Boller, T., Felix, G.: Perception of the bacterial PAMP EFTu by the receptor EFR restricts Agrobacterium-mediated transformation.-Cell 125: 749-760, 2006. Go to original source...
    149. Zupan, J., Muth, T.R., Draper, O., Zambryski, P.: The transfer of DNA from Agrobacterium tumefaciens into plants: a feast of fundamental insights.-Plant J. 23: 11-28, 2000. Go to original source...

    Return to the content