Photosynthetica - Latest articles
Results 1 to 30 of 326:
Relationship between leaf gas-exchange characteristics and the performance of Ziziphus spina-christi (L.) Willd. seedlings subjected to salt stress
M. GORAI, R. BEN ROMDHANE, M. MARAGHNI, M. NEFFATI
Photosynthetica 2019, 57(3):897-903 | DOI: 10.32615/ps.2019.093
Ziziphus spina-christi (L.) Willd., known as Christ's thorn jujube, is a multipurpose species of the Rhamnaceae family. Seedlings were subjected to various NaCl concentrations (0 to 200 mM) for 21 d. They grew well under control conditions, however, biomass production and relative growth rate decreased with increasing NaCl salinity. This decline in growth was closely associated with a reduction in photosynthetic characteristics and plant water relations. However, the intrinsic water-use efficiency significantly increased as salt stress intensified. The relative water content declined although it still maintained high values (≥ 57%). At high salinity,...
Physiological characterization and thylakoid ultrastructure analysis in super high-yield hybrid rice leaves under drought stress
Y.W. WANG, D.X. JIANG, J.J. HOU, G.X. CHEN
Photosynthetica 2019, 57(3):890-896 | DOI: 10.32615/ps.2019.106
Rice serves for more than a third of the world's population. However, drought stress (DS) affects its growth and yield. In order to understand plant drought adaptability, we explored the physiological and thylakoid ultrastructural alteration in super high-yield hybrid rice Liangyoupeijiu (LYPJ) under DS. Results showed that DS altered the thylakoid ultrastructure; twisted and fractured stroma thylakoids and more starch granules in chloroplast of LYPJ were present. Also, DS lowered chlorophyll and carotenoid contents in LYPJ after 7 d. DS reduced the proportion of unsaturated fatty acids in thylakoid membranes and increased the content of linoleic...
Carbon assimilation in oak (Quercus spp.) populations under acute and chronic high-temperature stress
R. HORAK, M. ŽUPUNSKI, S. PAJEVIĆ, M. BORIŠEV, D. ARSENOV, N. NIKOLIĆ, S. ORLOVIĆ
Photosynthetica 2019, 57(3):875-889 | DOI: 10.32615/ps.2019.090
This study tried to evaluate the influence of high temperatures (HT) on carbon assimilation of two oak species (Quercus cerris and Quercus robur). The screening of their populations, which are assumed to have a different resistance and acclimatization potential to adverse environmental conditions, can provide essential information for its implementation in reforestation strategies. By employing principal component analysis, the aim was to determine the most variable physiological characteristics of plants exposed to extremely HT during vegetation periods. After 2 d of HT treatment, a significant decline of photosynthetic and transpiration...
Proteomic analysis of chloroplasts from chlorophyll-deficient melon mutant
C.M. ZHAO, J.Z. CUI, X.G. LI, B.J. CHEN, R.R. JIN, Z.Y. YU
Photosynthetica 2019, 57(3):866-874 | DOI: 10.32615/ps.2019.078
We aimed to understand the molecular-level changes occurring in the photosynthetic metabolic network in mutant chloro-plasts. We performed comparative liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry protein profiling of wild-type (WT) and chlorophyll-deficient melon (Cucumis melo L.) mutants. We identified 390 differentially expressed proteins and 81 shared proteins varied significantly in abundance, of which 76 were upregulated and 5 were downregulated. Differentially expressed proteins were involved in the following biological processes: binding, catalytic, structural, transporter, and antioxidant activities. The mutant had 6.08-fold higher expression...
Influence of shading on photosynthesis and antioxidative activities of enzymes in apple trees
Y.J. LIU, W. ZHANG, Z.B. WANG, L. MA, Y.P. GUO, X.L. REN, L.X. MEI
Photosynthetica 2019, 57(3):857-865 | DOI: 10.32615/ps.2019.081
This study investigated the effects of shading on photosynthesis in 3-year-old potted apple trees. The trees were grown either in full sunlight or in a shade environment with about 50% of sunlight filtered through black plastic nets. Under the shade conditions, the net photosynthetic rate (PN), the stomatal conductance, the transpiration rate, and the intercellular CO2 concentration decreased before midday, which was due to low light energy but the PN of the shaded trees increased relative to the control trees during the afternoon. In addition, the concentrations of chlorophyll (Chl) a, b,...
Physiological and molecular responses of maize (Zea mays L.) plants to drought and rehydration
P.Yu. VORONIN, S.N. MAEVSKAYA, M.K. NIKOLAEVA
Photosynthetica 2019, 57(3):850-856 | DOI: 10.32615/ps.2019.101
Physiological and molecular responses of maize seedlings (Zea mays L. cv. Troinaya sladost) to 5-d drought and rehydration for 48 h were investigated. Plant water status was determined by a new method of water potential measurement in mesophyll cells' apoplast in substomatal cavity (ψwa). Drought caused the changes in water status, plant growth, the rates of photosynthetic CO2/H2O gas exchange, and metabolism of carbohydrates and proline. The increase in carbohydrate and proline content under drought was observed simultaneously with the decline in ψwa. Rewatering of seedlings for 24 and 48...
Sensitivity of wild and domesticated Rhododendron chrysanthum to different light regime (UVA, UVB, and PAR)
J. LYU, C. WANG, D.Y. LIANG, L. LIU, L.K. PANDEY, H.W. XU, X.F. ZHOU
Photosynthetica 2019, 57(3):841-849 | DOI: 10.32615/ps.2019.098
Effects of UV radiation on photosynthetic capacity of wild and domesticated Rhododendron chrysanthum were compared by applying PAR (P), P + UVA (PA), and P + UVA + UVB (PAB) radiation for 3 d, respectively. Results showed that photosynthetic activity of two R. chrysanthum types was not affected by UVA but inhibited by UVB, and the inhibitory effects of UVB were dose-dependent. Changes in nonphotochemical quenching suggest that the range of photosynthetic capacity is ranked as follows: 24-48 h of UVB dose < wild type < 72 h of UVB dose < domesticated type, indicating that the wild type initiated photoprotective function in response...
Long-term high light stress induces leaf senescence in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)
Y.N. LIU, Q.Z. XU, W.C. LI, X.H. YANG, Q. ZHENG, B. LI, Z.S. LI, H.W. LI
Photosynthetica 2019, 57(3):830-840 | DOI: 10.32615/ps.2019.086
In order to explore the association of long-term high light (HL) with leaf senescence in wheat, two wheat genotypes Xiaoyan 54 (HL-tolerant) and Jing 411 (HL-sensitive) grown in low light were subjected to HL for 2-8 d. The results showed that 6-8 d of HL led to dramatic decline of chlorophyll content, photochemical efficiency, and activity of Rubisco and antioxidant enzymes. Meanwhile, the content of malondialdehyde (MDA), soluble proteins, soluble sugars, superoxide anion, and ascorbic acid increased markedly. Additionally, the expression of senescence-associated genes (SAGs) was induced by HL. Xiaoyan 54 accumulated less MDA, soluble sugars,...
Irrigation improves plant vitality in specific stages of mango tree development according to photosynthetic efficiency
L. FARIA-SILVA, C. Z. GALLON, P. R. FILGUEIRAS, D. M. SILVA
Photosynthetica 2019, 57(3):820-829 | DOI: 10.32615/ps.2019.091
The plant fruiting process requires more energy and availability of soil water. Consequently, identifying the appropriate time for additional water supplying for cultivation of mango is an important part of successful crop handling for production of fruit with high quality. Therefore, we studied effects of additional water supplied by irrigation on chlorophyll fluorescence parameters in a field experiment during phenological stages of Mangifera indica L. cv. Ubá. Our results showed that the irrigation at specific periods of plant development improved fluorescence parameters (resulting in high values of the performance index), preventing damage...
Melatonin confers drought stress tolerance in soybean (Glycine max L.) by modulating photosynthesis, osmolytes, and reactive oxygen metabolism
L. CAO, X.J. JIN, Y.X. ZHANG
Photosynthetica 2019, 57(3):812-819 | DOI: 10.32615/ps.2019.100
In order to investigate the role of melatonin in the drought tolerance, we examined pigments, gas exchange, osmolytes, and reactive oxygen radical metabolism in soybean plants. Drought declined photosynthetic pigments and caused irreversible reduction in net photosynthesis, which was followed by stomatal limitation for 5 and 10 d and nonstomatal limitation for 15 d. Soluble sugar, soluble proteins, and proline concentrations were higher in drought-stressed seedlings compared with the control. The contents of superoxide anion, hydrogen peroxide, and malondialdehyde increased during drought stress indicating oxidative stress. Drought stress also increased...
Light-response characteristics of photosynthesis of drip-irrigated sugar beet under different nitrogen fertilizer managements
C. FEI, J.X. SU, Y.Y. LI, Z.F. LI, K.Y. WANG, H. FAN, F.Y. MA
Photosynthetica 2019, 57(3):804-811 | DOI: 10.32615/ps.2019.089
Effects of two split application ratios of nitrogen fertilizer (R1: half of the total nitrogen fertilizer was applied on 13 June, and the rest was applied on 1 July; R2: two equal amounts of N fertilizer accounting for 70% of total were applied on 15 June and 1 July, respectively, and the rest was applied on 1 August) and three N fertilizer application rates (75, 150, and 225 kg ha-1) on chlorophyll content, photosynthetic characteristics, and root yield of sugar beets were studied. The results showed that with N fertilizer application rates of 150 and 225 kg ha-1, R2 treatment significantly decreased light-compensation point,...
Light-response curve of photosynthesis and model fitting in leavesof Mangifera indica under different soil water conditions
Y.L. LI, X.G. LIU, K. HAO, Q.L. YANG, X.Q. YANG, W.H. ZHANG, Y. CONG
Photosynthetica 2019, 57(3):796-803 | DOI: 10.32615/ps.2019.095
A pot experiment was performed to study the light-response curve of photosynthesis (PN-PAR curve) of Mangifera indica and the applicability of light-response models under different soil water conditions. The experimental data were fitted and analyzed using the rectangular hyperbola model, the nonrectangular hyperbola model, the exponential model, the modified rectangular hyperbola model, and the kinetic model. The results showed that the optimal range of relative soil water content (RSWC) for the normal photosynthesis of M. indica was 45.1-77.3%. The modified rectangular hyperbola model could well fit the PN-PAR...
Differences in light response characteristics of oil peonies from eight provenances in China
S.Y. WEI, Q.H. LEI, W.L. JI, R. FAN, D.Y. YANG, Y.L. ZHANG
Photosynthetica 2019, 57(3):788-795 | DOI: 10.32615/ps.2019.058
Two tree peony species, Paeonia ostii and Paeonia rockii, from eight different provenances in China (four provenances for each species) were collected for their photosynthetic characteristics. Their diurnal variations of photosynthesis, the light- and CO2-response curves and chlorophyll content were determined. Among all eight provenances, Ziwuling P. rockii had a significantly higher average daily net photosynthetic rate, showing a superior photosynthetic capacity, followed by Fengxiang P. ostii and Xunyang P. ostii. In addition, Ziwuling P. rockii had the highest maximum net photosynthetic rates,...
Photoprotection in heteromorphic leaves of savin juniper (Juniperus sabina L.)
J.L. ZHANG, X.H. XU, X.G. LI, Y.L. LI, R.D. GUY, H.P. CHEN
Photosynthetica 2019, 57(3):780-787 | DOI: 10.32615/ps.2019.097
Savin juniper has green, photosynthetic branchlets with scale and/or needle leaves and these heteromorphic forms may contribute differentially to its success in open, arid environments. To test differences in photoprotection between fully sun-exposed scale-holding branchlets (SHB) and needle-holding branchlets (NHB), we measured gas exchange, chlorophyll (Chl) fluorescence, and pigment concentrations. NHB had higher net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, and intrinsic water-use efficiency. In contrast, SHB had higher nonphotochemical quenching. Chl a, Chl b, and antheraxanthin concentrations were higher in NHB. SHB had higher...
Differential response of growth and photosynthesis in diverse cotton genotypes under hypoxia stress
R. PAN, W. JIANG, Q. WANG, L. XU, S. SHABALA, W.Y. ZHANG
Photosynthetica 2019, 57(3):772-779 | DOI: 10.32615/ps.2019.087
The objectives of the present study were to compare the dynamic of the growth and photosynthetic characteristics of cotton varieties contrasting in waterlogging (WL) tolerance when subjected to hypoxia stress. The growth of the WL-sensitive genotypes was notably inhibited by WL, mainly as a result of a significant reduction in the net photosynthesis (PN) after two days of hypoxia treatment; in the tolerant varieties, no significant changes in PN were observed until 8 d after hypoxia onset. The intercellular CO2 concentration and maximal photochemical efficiency of PSII significantly declined, and the...
The long-term response of photosynthesis in walnut (Juglans regia L.) leaf to a leaf-to-fruit ratio
C.F. ZHANG, C.D. PAN, H. CHEN
Photosynthetica 2019, 57(3):762-771 | DOI: 10.32615/ps.2019.079
For clarifying the relationship between a leaf-to-fruit ratio (LFR) and photosynthesis, LFR manipulation was performed with Juglans regia cv. Xinxin2 in order to test the photosynthesis response to LFR in source leaves. Results showed that LFR with one and two leaves was positively correlated with net photosynthetic rate (PN), chlorophyll content, and specific leaf mass, implying extremely low LFR inhibited the leaf development. However, LFR with five leaves was negatively correlated with PN, positively correlated with starch, but not related to intercellular CO2 concentration, indicating the high...
How glycine betaine induces tolerance of cucumber plants to salinity stress?
A. ESTAJI, H.M. KALAJI, H.R. KARIMI, H.R. ROOSTA, S.M. MOOSAVI-NEZHAD
Photosynthetica 2019, 57(3):753-761 | DOI: 10.32615/ps.2019.053
The mechanism of osmoprotectant action on photosynthesis process is still not well known, especially under salt stress. The objective of this study was to evaluate and explain the effect of glycine betaine (GB) on photosynthetic efficiency and other physiological parameters of cucumber plants grown under salinity stress. Our results indicated that salinity decreased chlorophyll and carotenoids content, Ca2+ and K+ concentrations, and quantum yield parameters, such as probability that a trapped exciton moves an electron in to the electron transport chain beyond QA, quantum yield of electron transport from QA...
Effect of light on ultrastructure of chloroplasts and post-storage performance of Hydrangea macrophylla (Hydrangeaceae)
G. PELLEGRINO, I. PERROTTA, A.M. PALERMO
Photosynthetica 2019, 57(3):748-752 | DOI: 10.32615/ps.2019.092
The plants of Hydrangea are normally stored in dark conditions during shipping. In this study, Hydrangea macrophylla plants were stored for 0-15 d in light or darkness to evaluate the effect of the storage duration and condition on the chloroplast ultrastructure and chlorophyll (Chl) content. Moreover, the plants stored in the dark were transferred to a growth chamber to evaluate their resilience. The plants stored in the dark showed a decrease in number of chloroplasts and starch grains, and granal and intergranal thylakoids with irregular morphology. On the contrary, the same leaves showed an increase of the number of plastoglubuli....
Leaf wetting mitigates midday depression of photosynthesis in tomato plants
G. YOKOYAMA, D. YASUTAKE, T. TANIZAKI, M. KITANO
Photosynthetica 2019, 57(3):740-747 | DOI: 10.32615/ps.2019.088
We studied the effects of leaf wetting on midday depression of photosynthesis regarding plant water balance and leaf morphological traits. The plants without leaf wetting showed a significant reduction in midday photosynthesis with a concomitant decrease with leaf conductance, because of lower leaf water potential (-1.3 MPa) due to excessive transpiration water loss. However, midday depression was not observed in the plants with leaf wetting. Lower contact angle between leaf surface and water droplet showed that tomato leaves have lower water repellency. However, water on the leaf surface completely dried within 20 min indicating that effect of water...
Photosynthetic response of cabbage in cadmium-spiked soil
R. BĄCZEK-KWINTA, K. JUZOŃ, M. BOREK, J. ANTONKIEWICZ
Photosynthetica 2019, 57(3):731-739 | DOI: 10.32615/ps.2019.070
Efficiency of a photosynthetic apparatus in plants growing in cadmium-spiked soil as well as plant biomass and cadmium accumulation were assessed in two cabbage cultivars (early and late) in a long-term pot experiment. Cadmium concentrations were 10 and 40 mg(Cd) per kg of dry mass of soil. The early cultivar showed a dose-dependent and stable decrease in SPAD index, while in plants of the late cultivar the response was reversible and less pronounced. A huge drop in the effective quantum yield of PSII photochemistry, photochemical quenching, nonphotochemical quenching, and electron transport rate in the third week of vegetation indicated susceptibility...
The anatomical, physiological, and molecular analysis of a chlorophyll-deficient mutant in tree peony (Paeonia suffruticosa)
Q.S. CHANG, L.X. ZHANG, X.G. HOU, Z. WANG, N. WANG, M.G. GONG, Q.M. ZHANG, H. CHEN, Z.Q. SHI, C.C. DENG
Photosynthetica 2019, 57(3):724-730 | DOI: 10.32615/ps.2019.049
Tree peony is a famous ornamental plant in the world. However, little is known about the leaf color mutants in tree peony. The present study monitored the physiological and photosynthetic properties of a yellow leaf mutant (yl1) in tree peony. The results showed that the yl1 mutant had lower pigment contents, but increased chlorophyll (Chl) a/b and carotenoids to Chl ratio. Microstructure and ultrastructure analysis showed that the yl1 mutant had smaller chloroplasts, few thylakoid stacks, and a few stroma thylakoid membranes remained along with clusters of osmiophilic granules, which might result from inhibition...
Hydrogen sulfide regulates photosynthesis of tall fescue under low-light stress
Y.H. LIU, X.H. ZHANG, B.W. LIU, B. AO, Q. LIU, S.Y. WEN, Y.F. XU
Photosynthetica 2019, 57(3):714-723 | DOI: 10.32615/ps.2019.094
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is regarded as gaseous signaling molecule in plant response to various biotic and abiotic stresses. In this study, we investigated potential role of H2S in modulating photosynthesis in low light (LL) stress-induced tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) seedlings. Results demonstrated that LL significantly reduced the plant height, leaf width, tiller number, dry mass, turf quality, chlorophyll content, net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, intercellular CO2 concentration, transpiration rate, maximal quantum yield of PSII photochemistry, photochemical efficiency of PSII, photochemical...
LETTER TO THE EDITOR
The energy flux theory celebrates 40 years: toward a systems biology concept?
M. DA SILVA PONTES, R. MALDONADO RODRIGUEZ, E.F. SANTIAGO
Photosynthetica 2019, 57(2):521-522 | DOI: 10.32615/ps.2019.067
In 2018, the theory of energy fluxes in biomembranes (TEFB) developed by Professor Dr. Reto Jörg Strasser (one of the most influential leaders in the deep understanding and application of chlorophyll a fluorescence) celebrated its 40th anniversary (Strasser 1978).
LETTER TO THE EDITOR
Inclusion of photoprotective parameters in photosynthesis-measuring systems to improve the interpretation of photosynthesis and productivity
C.C. OGBAGA, H.U.R. ATHAR
Photosynthetica 2019, 57(2):712-713 | DOI: 10.32615/ps.2019.041
While reading the paper by Vredenberg (2018) published in Photosynthetica (10 January, 2018), I was inspired to write this letter.
Discovering trends in photosynthesis using modern analytical tools:More than 100 reasons to use chlorophyll fluorescence
W. BĄBA, A. KOMPAŁA-BĄBA, M. ZABOCHNICKA-ŚWIĄTEK, J. LUŹNIAK, R. HANCZARUK, A. ADAMSKI, H.M. KALAJI
Photosynthetica 2019, 57(2):668-679 | DOI: 10.32615/ps.2019.069
In this review, using the network analysis, based on the bibliometric data, collected from Web of Science Core Collection database, we followed the development of chlorophyll fluorescence research (CFR) during 1947-2018. We confirmed dramatic increase in diversity of CFR from late 90-ties and vigorous development of this discipline in the last ten years. They are parallel to an increase in number of research areas and institutions involved and were triggered by the accumulation of knowledge and methodological, technological, and communication advances, especially modern fluorimeters and fluorescence techniques. The network analysis of keywords...
Photosynthetic activity of red and green leaf sectors in Coleus blumei plants as sensed by chlorophyll fluorescence
K.H. LIN, M.Y. HUANG, J.H. WENG, S.C. KAO
Photosynthetica 2019, 57(2):659-667 | DOI: 10.32615/ps.2019.051
The changes and responses in the chlorophyll (Chl) fluorescence (ChlF) components were studied on the red and green parts of leaves in three Coleus blumei varieties under different light intensities. Chl a, carotenoids (Car), and SPAD were linearly, positively, and significantly correlated with total Chl [i.e., Chl (a+b)] of red and green leaves. Significant differences in Chl and Car contents were noted between differentially pigmented sectors of the leaf, but no anthocyanin content was found in the green parts compared to red leaves. Values of minimal and maximal fluorescence yields in dark- and light-adapted states...
Responses of photosynthetic apparatus in sunflower cultivars to combined drought and salt stress
M. UMAR, Z. UDDIN, Z.S. SIDDIQUI
Photosynthetica 2019, 57(2):627-639 | DOI: 10.32615/ps.2019.043
Response of photosynthetic apparatus in some sunflower cultivars, i.e., S.28111, Hysun-33, Hysun-39, and SF0049, to salt, drought, and combined stresses were studied. The combined stress caused severe damage to photosynthetic apparatus as compared to single stress. The maximum quantum yield of PSII, phenomenological fluxes, plastoquinone pool size, performance indexes, and driving force of absorption were greatly affected by the combined stress. Among the cultivars, the combined stress produced synergistic effect (greater damage) in Hysun-33 and cross-tolerance (lesser damage) in S.28111. Similarly, concerning the ion imbalance, S.28111 and...
Photoinhibition and continuous growth of the wild-type and a high-light tolerant strain of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii
O. VIRTANEN, D. VALEV, O. KRUSE, L. WOBBE, E. TYYSTJÄRVI
Photosynthetica 2019, 57(2):617-626 | DOI: 10.32615/ps.2019.056
The volumetric productivity of the high-light tolerant strain hit2 of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii was found to be higher than that of the parental strain CC124 during continuous growth at PPFD from 200 to 1,500 µmol m-2 s-1. At PPFD of 1,250 µmol m-2 s-1, hit2 produced 2.53 ± 0.18 and CC124 produced 2.05 ± 0.12 g(biomass) dm-3 d-1. The rate constant of photoinhibition of hit2 was less than half of that of CC124, suggesting that hit2 produces more biomass than CC124 because hit2 does not need...
Dorsoventral regulation of photosynthetic functions related to morphological and anatomical structures in field-grown sorghum
X. WANG, Y. SHI, Q. WANG, Y. LI
Photosynthetica 2019, 57(2):607-616 | DOI: 10.32615/ps.2019.085
The rapid dorsoventral regulation of photosynthesis is important because the light conditions around both surfaces of field-grown leaves vary considerably. The photosynthetic asymmetry has been intensively studied, but structure-related explanations for asymmetry were not exactly clarified. This study aimed to investigate the photosynthetic asymmetry in field-grown Sorghum bicolor L. and analyze the impacts of dorsoventral structures on photosynthesis. We found that the photosynthetic asymmetry changed with light conditions, and adaxial surfaces had higher primary photochemical activity owing to higher mesophyll density, while abaxial surfaces...
Effects of nitrogen supply on the photosynthetic capacity of the hybrid citrus cultivar 'Huangguogan'
L. LIAO, J.L. FU, T.T. DONG, X. QIU, Y. RONG, X.Y. LIU, Z.X. DONG, G.C. SUN, Z.H. WANG
Photosynthetica 2019, 57(2):581-589 | DOI: 10.32615/ps.2019.083
Pot experiments were conducted to determine the effects of nitrogen (N) fertilization rate on the photosynthetic efficiency of 'Huangguogan' (Citrus reticulata × Citrus sinensis). We observed that plant growth increased with increasing N. Maximum values for parameters evaluated were recorded for an N addition rate of 120 g per year. Leaf chlorophyll content was positively correlated with the leaf N content. The relative reduction in photosynthetic rate (PN) at high N (150 and 180 g) correlated with the parallel decreases in the leaf N content. Rubisco activity was positively correlated with the initial slope of the...