Photosynthetica 2019, 57(4):1015-1024 | DOI: 10.32615/ps.2019.103

Characterization of the ecophysiological responses of three pomegranate cultivars to salinity

A. OLMO1, F. GARCIA-SANCHEZ2, I. SIMON1, V. LIDON1, M. ALFOSEA-SIMON2, J.M. CAMARA-ZAPATA1, J.J. MARTINEZ-NICOLAS1, S. SIMON-GRAO2
1 School of Engineering of Orihuela, University of Miguel Hernández, Ctra. de Beniel, km 3.2, Orihuela, Alicante, Spain
2 Centre of Edaphology and Applied Biology of Segura, CEBAS-CSIC, University Campus of Espinardo, 30100 Espinardo, Murcia, Spain

In order to understand photosynthetic responses of pomegranate plants (Punica granatum L.) to salinity, an experiment was conducted with three varieties, 'Mollar de Elche', 'Valenciana', and 'Wonderful', irrigated with seven salt concentrations (0, 40, 60, 80, 100, 120, and 140 mM NaCl). At the end of the experiment, parameters of gas exchange, chlorophyll fluorescence, water relations, and sugar and chloride concentrations were measured in leaves. As the concentration of NaCl increased, the concentration of Cl- in leaves was elevated, and the CO2 assimilation rate, stomatal conductance, variable fluorescence/maximum fluorescence ratio, PSII quantum yield, and total soluble sugars decreased. In 'Valenciana', the decrease of the net assimilation of CO2 could occur due to the closure of stomata, while in 'Mollar' and 'Wonderful', this was due to damage caused by Cl- toxicity. The study of carbohydrates also suggests a different behavior of carbon metabolism in the three varieties.

Keywords: chloride toxicity; fruit tree; oxidative stress; photosynthesis; sodium toxicity; water stress.

Received: October 31, 2018; Accepted: July 24, 2019; Prepublished online: September 10, 2019; Published: November 1, 2019Show citation

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OLMO, A., GARCIA-SANCHEZ, F., SIMON, I., LIDON, V., ALFOSEA-SIMON, M., CAMARA-ZAPATA, J.M., MARTINEZ-NICOLAS, J.J., & SIMON-GRAO, S. (2019). Characterization of the ecophysiological responses of three pomegranate cultivars to salinity. Photosynthetica, 57(4), 1015-1024. doi: 10.32615/ps.2019.103.
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