Photosynthetica 2014, 52(3):421-429 | DOI: 10.1007/s11099-014-0053-6

Response of two tomato cultivars to field-applied proline under irrigation with saline water: Growth, chlorophyll fluorescence and nutritional aspects

B. Kahlaoui1,*, M. Hachicha1, S. Rejeb1, M. N. Rejeb1, B. Hanchi2, E. Misle3
1 National Research Institute of Rural Engeneering, Waters and Forestry (INRGREF), Ariana, Tunisia
2 Faculty of Sciences, Tunis, University Campus, Tunis, Tunisia
3 Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Forestry, Universidad Católica del Maule, Casilla, Curicó, Chile

The response of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) to abiotic stress has been widely investigated. Recent physiological studies focus on the use of osmoprotectants to ameliorate stress damage, but experiments at a field level are scarce. Two tomato cultivars were used for an experiment with saline water (6.57 dS m-1) and subsurface drip irrigation (SDI) in a silty clay soil. Rio Grande is a salinity-tolerant cultivar, while Heinz-2274 is the salt-sensitive cultivar. Exogenous application of proline was done by foliar spray at two concentrations (10 and 20 mg L-1) during the flowering stage. Control plants were treated with saline water without proline. Proline at the lower concentration (10 mg L-1) increased dry mass of different plant organs (leaves, stems, and roots) and it improved various chlorophyll a fluorescence parameters compared with controls. Regarding mineral nutrition, K+ and P were higher in different organs, while low accumulation of Na+ occurred. However, Mg2+ was very high in all tissues of Rio Grande at the higher concentration of proline applied. Thus, the foliar spray of proline at 10 mg L-1 increased the tolerance of both cultivars. The growth of aboveground biomass of Heinz-2274 was enhanced by 63.5%, while Rio Grande improved only by 38.9%.

Keywords: chlorophyll fluorescence; foliar pulverization; proline; salt tolerance; Solanum lycopersicum; Tunisia

Received: November 27, 2013; Accepted: January 7, 2014; Published: September 1, 2014Show citation

ACS AIP APA ASA Harvard Chicago IEEE ISO690 MLA NLM Turabian Vancouver
Kahlaoui, B., Hachicha, M., Rejeb, S., Rejeb, M.N., Hanchi, B., & Misle, E. (2014). Response of two tomato cultivars to field-applied proline under irrigation with saline water: Growth, chlorophyll fluorescence and nutritional aspects. Photosynthetica, 52(3), 421-429. doi: 10.1007/s11099-014-0053-6.
Download citation
  • BibTeX (.bib)
  • Bookends (.ris)
  • EasyBib (.ris)
  • EndNote (.enw)
  • EndNote 8 (.xml)
  • ISI WoS (.isi)
  • Medlars (.medlars)
  • Mendeley (.ris)
  • MODS (.xml)
  • Papers (.ris)
  • RefWorks (.txt)
  • RefManager (.ris)
  • RIS (.ris)
  • MS Word (.xml)
  • Zotero (.ris)

    • Open full article

    References

    1. Alia, A., Kondo, Y., Sakamoto, A. et al.: Enhanced tolerance to light stress of transgenic Arabidopsis plants that express the codA gene for a bacterial choline oxidase. - Plant Mol. Biol. 40: 279-288, 1999. Go to original source...
    2. Araus, J.L., Amaro, T., Voltas, J. et al.: Chlorophyll fluorescence as a selection criterion for grain yield in durum wheat under Mediterranean conditions. - Field Crop. Res. 55: 209-223, 1998. Go to original source...
    3. Ashraf, M., Athar, H.R., Harris, P.J.C., Kwon, T.R.: Some prospective strategies for improving crop salt tolerance. - Adv. Agron. 97: 45-110, 2008. Go to original source...
    4. Aziz, A., Martin-Tanguy, J., Larher, F.: Salt stress-induced proline accumulation and changes in tyramine and polyamine levels are linked to ionic adjustment in tomato leaf discs. - Plant Sci. 145: 83-91, 1999. Go to original source...
    5. Bates, L.S., Waldren, R.P., Teare, I.D.: Rapid determination of free proline for water-stress studies. - Plant Soil 39: 205-207, 1973. Go to original source...
    6. Björkman, O., Demmig, B.: Photon yield of O2 evolution and chlorophyll fluorescence characteristics at 77K among vascular plants of diverse origins. - Planta 170: 489-504, 1987. Go to original source...
    7. Conka, L.N., Hanson, A.D.: Prokaryotic osmoregulation: genetics and physiology. - Annu. Rev. Microbiol. 45: 569-606, 1991.
    8. Colom, M.R., Vazzana, C.: Photosynthesis and PSII functionality of drought-resistant and drought-sensitive weeping lovegrass plants. - Environ. Exp. Bot. 49: 135-144, 2003. Go to original source...
    9. Demetriou, G., Neonaki, C.. Navakoudis., E., Kotzabasis, K.: Salt stress impact on the molecular structure and function of the photosynthetic apparatus -the protective role of polyamines. - Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1767: 272-280, 2007. Go to original source...
    10. Efeoğlu, B., Ekmekçi, Y., Çiçek, N.: Physiological responses of three maize cultivars to drought stress and recovery. - S. Afr. J. Bot. 75: 34-42, 2009.
    11. Fernandez, R.T., Perry, R.L., Flore, J.A.: Drought response of young three apple trees on three rootstocks. II. Gas exchange, chlorophyll fluorescence, water relations, and leaf abscisic acid. - J. Am. Soc. Hortic. Sci. 122: 841-848, 1997. Go to original source...
    12. Fernandes-Rodrigues, C.R., Nascimento Silva, E., Ferreira-Silva, S.L. et al.: High K+ supply avoids Na+ toxicity and improves photosynthesis by allowing favorable K+:Na+ ratios through the inhibition of Na+ uptake and transport to the shoots of Jatrophacurcas plants. - J. Plant Nutr. Soil Sci. 176: 157-164, 2013. Go to original source...
    13. Genty, B., Briantais, J.M., Baker, N.R.: The relationship between the quantum yield of photosynthetic electron transport and quenching of chlorophyll fluorescence. - Biochim. Biophys. Acta 990: 87-92, 1989. Go to original source...
    14. Gericke, S., Kurmies, B: [Colorimetric phosphoric aciddetermination with ammonuim-vanadate-molybdate for their use in plant analysis.]. - Zeitschr. Pflanz. Dung. Bod. 59: 235-247, 1952. [In German]
    15. Greenway, H., Munns, R.: Mechanisms of salt-tolerance in nonhalophytes. - Annu. Rev. Plant Phys. 31: 149-190, 1980. Go to original source...
    16. Hamilton, E.W., Heckathorn, S.A.: Mitochondrial adaptations to NaCl. Complex I is protected by antioxidants and small heat shock proteins, whereas complex II is protected by proline and betaine. - Plant Physiol. 126: 1266-1274, 2001. Go to original source...
    17. Harbinson, J., Genty, B., Baker, N.R.: Relationship between the quantum efficiencies of photosystems I and II in pea leaves. - Plant Physiol. 90: 1029-1034, 1989. Go to original source...
    18. Hellmann, H., Funck, D., Rentsch, D., Frommer, W.B.: Hypersensitivity of an arabidopsis sugar signaling mutant toward exogenous proline application. - Plant Physiol. 122: 357-367, 2000. Go to original source...
    19. Heuer, B.: Influence of exogenous application of proline and glycinebetaine on growth of salt-stressed tomato plants. - Plant Sci. 165: 693-699, 2003. Go to original source...
    20. Holmstrom, K.O., Somersalo, S., Mandal, A. et al.: Improved tolerance to salinity and low temperature in transgenic tobacco producing glycinebetaine. - J. Exp. Bot. 51: 177-185, 2000. Go to original source...
    21. Jain, M., Mathur, G., Koul, S., Sarin, N.B.: Ameliorative effects of proline on salt stress- induced lipid peroxidation in cell lines of groundnut (Arachis hypogea L). - Plant Cell Rep. 20: 463-468, 2001. Go to original source...
    22. Kahlaoui, B., Hachicha, M., Rejeb, R. et al.: Effect of saline water on tomato under subsurface drip irrigation: nutritional and foliar aspects. - J. Soil Sci. Plant Nut. 11: 69-86, 2011a. Go to original source...
    23. Kahlaoui, B., Hachicha, M., Rejeb, S. et al.: Effect of saline water on tomato under subsurface drip irrigation: yield and fruit quality. - Aust. J. Basic Applied Sci. 5: 517-529, 2011b.
    24. Kahlaoui, B., Hachicha, M., Rejeb, S., Rejeb, M.N.: Effect of drip irrigation and subsurface drip irrigation on tomato crop. - In: Ashraf, M., Öztürk, M., Ahmad, M.S.A., Aksoy, A. (ed.): Crop Production for Agricultural Improvement. Pp. 705-720. Springer, Dordrecht, New York 2012. Go to original source...
    25. Kahlaoui, B., Hachicha, M., Teixeira, J. et al.: Response of two tomato cultivars to field-applied proline and salt stress. - J. Stress Phys. Bioch. 9: 257-265, 2013.
    26. Khadri, M., Tejera, N.A., Lluch, C.: Sodium chloride-ABA interaction in two common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) cultivars differing in salinity tolerance. - Environ. Exp. Bot. 60: 211-218, 2007. Go to original source...
    27. Kingsbury, R.W., Epstein, E.: Selection for salt resistant spring wheat. - Crop Sci. 24: 310-315, 1984. Go to original source...
    28. Kocheva, K., Lambrev, P., Georgiev, G., Goltsev, V., Karabaliev, M.: Evaluation of chlorophyll fluorescence and membrane injury in the leaves of barley cultivars under osmotic stress. - Bioelectrochemistry 63: 121-124, 2004. Go to original source...
    29. Kumar, S.G., Reddy, A.M., Sudhakar, C.: NaCl effects on proline metabolism in two high yielding genotypes of mulberry (Morus alba L.) with contrasting salt tolerance. - Plant Sci. 165: 1245-1251, 2003. Go to original source...
    30. Lin, C.C., Hsu, Y.T., Kao, C.H.: The effect of NaCl on proline accumulation in rice leaves. - Plant Growth Regul. 36: 275-285, 2002. Go to original source...
    31. Lone, M.I., Kueh, J.S.H., Wyn Jones, R.G.W., Bright, S.W.J.: Influence of proline and glycinebetaine on salt tolerance of cultured barley embryos. - J. Exp. Bot. 38: 479-490, 1987. Go to original source...
    32. Loukehaich, R., Elyachioui, M., Belhabib, N., Douira, A.: Identifying multiple physiological responses associated with salinity-tolerance for evaluating three tomato cultivars selected from Moroccan territory. - J. Anim. Plant Sci. 10: 1219-1231, 2011.
    33. Lutts, S., Majerus, V., Kinet, J.M.: NaCl effects on proline metabolism in rice (Oryza sativa L.) seedlings. - Physiol. Plantarum 105: 450-458, 1999. Go to original source...
    34. Ma, Q.Q., Wang, W., Li, Y.H. et al.: Alleviation of photoinhibition in drought-stressed wheat (Triticum aestivum) by foliarapplied glycinebetaine. - J. Plant Physiol. 163: 165-175, 2006. Go to original source...
    35. Mansour, M.M.F.: Protection of plasma membrane of onion epidermal cells by glycinebetaine and proline against NaCl stress. - Plant Physiol. Bioch. 36: 767-772, 1998. Go to original source...
    36. Maxwell, K., Johnson, G.N.: Chlorophyll fluorescence - a practical guide. - J. Exp. Bot. 50: 659-668, 2000. Go to original source...
    37. Müller, P., Li, X.P., Niyogi, K.K.: Nonphotochemical quenching. A response to excess light energy. - Plant Physiol. 125: 1558-1566, 2001. Go to original source...
    38. Nakayama, H., Horie, T., Yonamine, I. et al.: Improving salt tolerance in plant cells. - Plant Biotechnol. 22: 477-487, 2005. Go to original source...
    39. Nounjan, N., Nghia, P.T., Theerakulpisut, P.: Exogenous proline and trehalose promote recovery of rice seedlings from saltstress and differentially modulate antioxidant enzymes and expression of related genes. - J. Plant Physiol. 169: 596-604, 2012. Go to original source...
    40. Petrusa, L.M., Winicov, I.: Proline status in salt tolerant and salt sensitive alfalfa cell lines and plants in response to NaCl. - Plant Physiol. Bioch. 35: 303-310, 1997.
    41. Poustini, K., Siosemardeh, A., Ranjbar, M.:Proline accumulation as a response to salt stress in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars differing in salt tolerance. - Genet. Resour. Crop Ev. 54: 925-934, 2004.
    42. Prasad, K.V.S.K., Saradhi, P.P.: Enhanced tolerance to photoinhibition in transgenic plants through targeting of glycinebetaine biosynthesis into the chloroplasts. - Plant Sci. 166: 1197-1212, 2004. Go to original source...
    43. Rajasekaran, L.R., Kriedemann, P.E., Aspinall, D., Paleg, L.G.: Physiological significance of proline and glycinebetaine: maintaining photosynthesis during NaCl stress in wheat. - Photosynthetica 34: 357-366, 1997. Go to original source...
    44. Ranjbarfordoei, A., Samson, R., Van Damme P.: Chlorophyll fluorescence performance of sweet almond [Prunus dulcis (Miller) D. Webb] in response to salinity stress induced by NaCl. - Photosynthetica 44: 513-522, 2006. Go to original source...
    45. Roy, D., Basu, N., Bhunia, A., Banerjee, S.K.: Counteraction of exogenous l-proline with NaCl in saltsensitive cultivar of rice. - Biol. Plantarum 35: 69-72, 1993. Go to original source...
    46. Sivakumar, P., Sharmila, P., Saradhi, P.P.: Proline suppresses rubisco activity in higher plants. - Biochem. Biophys. Res. Co. 252: 428-432, 1998. Go to original source...
    47. Theerakulpisut, P., Bunnag, S., Kong-Ngern, K.: Genetic diversity, salinity tolerance and physiological responses to NaCl of six rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivars. - Asian J. Plant Sci. 4: 562-573, 2005.
    48. Tiwari, B.S., Bose, A., Ghosh, B.: Photosynthesis in rice under a salt stress. - Photosynthetica 34: 303-306, 1997. Go to original source...
    49. Vaidyanathan, H., Sivakumar, P., Chakrabarty, R., Thomas, G.: Scavenging of reactive oxygen species in NaCl-stressed rice (Oryza sativa L.) differential response in salt-tolerant and - sensitive varieties. - Plant Sci. 165: 1411-1418, 2003. Go to original source...
    50. Wani, A.S., Irfan, M., Hayat, S., Ahmad, A.: Response of two mustard (Brassica juncea L.) cultivars differing in photosynthetic capacity subjected to proline. - Protoplasma 249: 75-87, 2011.
    51. Yancey, P.H.: Compatible and counteracting solutes. In: Strange, K. (ed.): Cellular and Molecular Physiology of Cell Volume Regulation. Pp. 81-109. CRC Press, Boca Raton 1994.
    52. Zhu, B.C, Su, J., Chan, M.C. et al.: Overexpression of a D1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthetase gene and analysis of tolerance to water- and salt-stress in transgenic rice. - Plant Sci. 139: 41-48, 1998. Go to original source...

    Return to the content