Biologia plantarum - Latest articles
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Transcriptome sequencing flower petals reveals insights into regulation of flavonoid biosynthesis in Osmanthus fragransOriginal Papers
Y.J. HAN*, M.F. DONG, H.Y. WANG, X.D. WANG, K. LI, F.D. SHANG*
Biologia Plantarum 63: 765-775, 2019 | DOI: 10.32615/bp.2019.146
Osmanthus fragrans Lour., one of the top 10 most popular flowers in China, is known for both its beauty and fragrance. It is rich in flavonoids, a class of secondary metabolites with significant neuroprotective, free-radical scavenging, and anti-oxidant activity. To understand the mechanisms regulating flavonoid biosynthesis, we conducted transcriptome sequencing O. fragrans flowers to analyze gene expressions during the full flowering stage. The RNA was isolated separately from petals of cvs. Yingui and Dangui, which were treated or not with jasmonic acid, salicylic acid, or abscisic acid. A total of 142 029 unigenes were denovo assembled,...
A methyl jasmonate induced defensin like protein from Panax notoginseng confers resistance against Fusarium solani in transgenic tobaccoOriginal Papers
Q. WANG, B.L. QIU, S. LI, Y.P. ZHANG, X.M. CUI, F. GE, D.Q. LIU
Biologia Plantarum 63: 797-807, 2019 | DOI: 10.32615/bp.2019.123
Plant defensins and defensin like protein (DEFL) form a large family of small cysteine-rich proteins. They are major components of plant immune systems, being involved in host defenses against biotic and abiotic stresses. In this study, a novel defensin like protein (DEFL) gene PnDEFL1 was isolated from Panax notoginseng, a traditional Chinese medicinal herb. The expression patterns of PnDEFL1 after treatment with methyl jasmonate, salicylic acid, ethephon, and H2O2, as well as during Fusarium solani infection, were analyzed using reverse transcription qPCR. The up-regulated expression of PnDEFL1...
Promoter activity of genes encoding the Specific Tissue protein family in the reproductive organs of Medicago truncatulaOriginal Papers
L. ALBORNOS, I. MARTÍN, E. LABRADOR*, B. DOPICO
Biologia Plantarum 63: 785-796, 2019 | DOI: 10.32615/bp.2019.111
The "Specific Tissue" (ST) are proteins of unknown function present only in some plant families, mainly Fabaceae and Asteraceae. They are included in the PF10950 protein family and characterized by the presence of at least one domain of unknown function (DUF)2775. In this work we studied the involvement of the six members of the Medicago truncatula ST family (ST1 to ST6) in the development of flowers, fruits, and seeds by analysing the activity of their promoters (pST) after the construction of M. truncatula transgenic plants expressing the b-glucuronidase (GUS) reporter gene under the control of the six pSTs....
An overexpression of the AP2/ERF transcription factor from Iris typhifolia in Arabidopsis thaliana confers tolerance to salt stressOriginal Papers
J. WU, J. ZHANG, X. LI, J. LIU, Z. NIU, L. WANG*
Biologia Plantarum 63: 776-784, 2019 | DOI: 10.32615/bp.2019.082
The roles of ethylene responsive factors (ERFs) and their positive and negative regulations of abiotic stress tolerance have been widely reported. This study reports the characterization of ItERF from Iris typhifolia Kitag with respect to molecular and functional properties. The 867 bp cDNA fragment of ItERF was cloned by reverse transcription PCR from I. typhifolia. Real-time quantitative PCR revealed that ItERF expression was induced in the roots, stems, and leaves of I. typhifolia after NaCl treatment, and that ItERF expressions were significantly higher in the leaves and roots than in the stems....
Proline metabolism-related gene expression in four potato genotypes in response to drought stressOriginal Papers
Y. LIU, L. WANG, Y. LI, X. LI, J. ZHANG
Biologia Plantarum 63: 757-764, 2019 | DOI: 10.32615/bp.2019.153
Drought severely limits potato yield. The aim of this work was to study a response of plantlets of four potato genotypes to polyethylene glycol (PEG 6000)-induced drought stress in both physiological and molecular levels. The drought-tolerant and drought-sensitive genotypes were identified based on plantlet growth, chlorophyll content, lipid peroxidation, free proline content, and proline metabolism-related gene expressions. We found that PEG-induced stress increased malondialdehyde (MDA) and proline content, and drought-tolerant plantlets exhibited lower MDA and proline content than sensitive genotypes. In addition, PEG up-regulated ∆-1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate...
Constitutive expression of the wheat TaSOD5 gene enhances salinity tolerance of Arabidopsis thalianaOriginal Papers
Y.-G. SONG, T.-X. GAO, X.-J. LIU, W. DONG*
Biologia Plantarum 63: 750-756, 2019 | DOI: 10.32615/bp.2019.108
Superoxide dismutase is a crucial reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenger and converts the superoxide radical (O2-) to H2O2, so it is thought to enhance abiotic stress tolerance by reducing ROS accumulation and so avoiding oxidative damage. In this study, we isolated a salt- and oxidative stress-responsive Cu/Zn SOD gene TaSOD5 from wheat. The ectopic overexpression of TaSOD5 in Arabidopsis increased total and Cu/Zn SOD activities, and offered the plant tolerance to salt stress. Arabidopsis ectopically expressing TaSOD5 possessed a superior resistance to oxidative stress...
Proteome analysis of sesame leaves in response to waterlogging stress at vegetative and flowering stagesOriginal Papers
H.-J. JUNG, S.K. ROY, S.-W. CHO, S.-J. KWON, C. KUN, H.-C. CHUN, S.-H. WOO
Biologia Plantarum 63: 733-749, 2019 | DOI: 10.32615/bp.2019.062
Waterlogging, a major environmental stress, impairs plant growth and development and induces synthesis of different proteins. To understand the molecular mechanisms coupled with morpho-physiological alterations underlying waterlogging tolerance, the LTQ-FTICR MS/MS technique was employed to map the proteomes of leaves of sesame grown under control and waterlogged conditions. The waterlogging treatment caused dramatic alterations in morphological and biochemical properties of the leaves of sesame. For proteome analysis, more than 75 reproducible protein spots were identified on 2-DE gels wherein 51 protein spots (≥ 1.5-fold change) were used for...
A genome-wide analysis of the cellulose synthase-like (Csl) gene family in maizeOriginal Papers
Y. LI, X. CHENG, Y. FU, Q. WU, Y. GUO, J. PENG, W. ZHANG, B. HE
Biologia Plantarum 63: 721-732, 2019 | DOI: 10.32615/bp.2019.081
Cell walls play an important role in the structure and morphology of plants as well as in responses to various biotic and abiotic stresses. Although the comprehensive analysis of genes involved in cellulose synthase has been performed in model plants, such as Arabidopsis thaliana and rice, information regarding cellulose synthase-like (Csl) genes in maize is limited. In this study, a total of 56 members of Csl gene family were identified in maize genome and classified into six subfamilies. Analysis of gene structure and conserved motif indicated functional similarities among the ZmCsl proteins within the same subfamily....
Anthocyanin accumulation and differential gene expression in wild-typeand mutant Syzygium malaccense fruits during their growth and ripeningOriginal Papers
P. KOTEPONG, R.E. PAULL, S. KETSA
Biologia Plantarum 63: 710-720, 2019 | DOI: 10.32615/bp.2019.068
Ripe wild-type Malay apple (Syzygium malaccense) cv. Saraek fruit epidermis is red, whereas a mutant has a white skin. Wild-type and mutant fruit were used as a fruit model to study the regulation and gene expression patterns of anthocyanin biosynthesis and a myeloblastosis (MYB) transcription factor during growth and development. Fruit size, color, anthocyanin composition, and the expression of genes involved in anthocyanin biosyntheses were determined during fruit growth and ripening. Wild-type ripe fruit had a greater diameter and fruit mass than the mutant. The total anthocyanin content was approximately nine-fold higher in wild-type red...
Genes involved in stress signals: the CBLs-CIPKs network in cold tolerant Solanum commersoniiOriginal Papers
S. ESPOSITO, V. D'AMELIA, D. CARPUTO*, R. AVERSANO*
Biologia Plantarum 63: 699-709, 2019 | DOI: 10.32615/bp.2019.072
Several studies revealed the important contribution of calcineurin B-like (CBLs) and CBL-interacting kinase (CIPKs) genes in transmitting stress signals in plants. Taking advantage from the genome sequences of the cultivated potato Solanum tuberosum and its wild relatives S. commersonii and S. chacoense, we identified for the first time 10 CBLs and 26 CIPKs genes in each species. The CBLs and CIPKs derived from tandem duplications indicate that these gene families in potato mainly arise through amplification mechanisms. Once annotated, we compared the par excellence...
Application of sodium salicylate up-regulates defense responseagainst Fusarium graminearum in wheat spikesOriginal Papers
M. SORAHINOBAR, V. NIKNAM, A. JAHEDI, H. EBRAHIMZADEH, B. MORADI, M. BEHMANESH, H. SOLTANLOO
Biologia Plantarum 63: 690-698, 2019 | DOI: 10.32615/bp.2019.139
Fusarium head blight caused by the hemibiotrophic fungus Fusarium graminearum is one of the most devastating diseases of wheat which reduces both grain yield and quality. To better understand mechanism underlying wheat resistance to this pathogen, the expressions of five candidate genes encoding phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL), glucanase-2 (Gl 2), class IV chitinase (Cht-4), cytochrome P450 (CYP), and pleiotropic drug resistance (PDR) following spike inoculation with F. graminearum was compared in susceptible cv. Falat and resistant cv. Sumai3...
Histone modifications during tobacco male meiosisOriginal Papers
S. MURSALIMOV, E. DEINEKO, A. HOUBEN, D. DEMIDOV
Biologia Plantarum 63: 681-689, 2019 | DOI: 10.32615/bp.2019.077
The special and temporal distribution of several posttranslational histone modifications (H3K4me2, H3K4me3, H3K9me2, H3K27me2, H3K9ac, H3K14ac, H3K18ac, H3K27ac, H3S10ph, H3S28ph, H3T3ph, H3K4me1-H3T3ph, H3K4me3/H3T3ph H3T11ph, H2AT121ph, and H2A.XS139ph) has been analysed during microsporogenesis of tobacco. Homogeneous distribution of the euchromatin marks H3K4me2 and H3K4me3 throughout the entire chromatin of amphidiploid Nicotiana tabacum suggests that both subgenomes were transcriptionally active. Localization of hyperacetylated clusters of H3K18 and H3K27 close to nucleoli suggests that both modifications were possibly involved in transcription...
The methylation pattern of DNA and complex correlations with gene expressions during TuMV infection in Chinese cabbageOriginal Papers
J. YU, L.-W. GAO, Y. YANG, C. LIU, R.-J. ZHANG, F.-F. SUN, L.-X. SONG, D. XIAO, T.-K.LIU, X.-L. HOU, C.-W. ZHANG
Biologia Plantarum 63: 671-680, 2019 | DOI: 10.32615/bp.2019.073
Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa L. ssp. pekinensis) is one of the most important economic crops. However, its yield and quality can be severely threatened by Turnip mosaic virus (TuMV). Emerging evidence indicates that epigenetic mechanisms, especially DNA methylation, play an important role in regulating gene expression. Therefore, identification of resistance genes modified by DNA methylation during the virus infection would provide a critical clue for improving disease resistance breeding programs. Here, we present detailed analysis for the correlation of DNA methylation and gene expression involved in several anti-pathogen...
Analysis of apple epidermis in respect to ontogenic resistance against Venturia inaequalisOriginal Papers
I. ZAJÍCOVÁ, E. TIHLAŘÍKOVÁ, P. CIFROVÁ, P. KYJAKOVÁ, V. NEDĚLA, J. SECHET, L. HAVELKOVÁ, J. KLOUTVOROVÁ, K. SCHWARZEROVÁ
Biologia Plantarum 63: 662-670, 2019 | DOI: 10.32615/bp.2019.134
In order to understand mechanisms of ontogenic resistance to apple scab, we analyzed various aspects of young and old leaves. We have introduced an apple plants cultivation system where in vitro propagated and rooting explants produce a genetically uniform population of apple (Malus domestica cv. Idared) plants. In this work, we demonstrate that apple plants produced in our cultivation system showed susceptibility to Venturia inaequalis, the cause of apple scab disease in young leaves and resistance in old leaves, which is similar to orchard situation. Our analysis shows that the cessation of epidermal cell expansion and shape...
Response of two Arabidopsis ecotypes Columbia-0 and Dijon-G to necrotrophic and biotrophic pathogensOriginal Papers
Y.H. LEE, J.Y. MOON, H.J. KIM, J.M. PARK, I.S. HWANG, J.K. HONG
Biologia Plantarum 63: 654-661, 2019 | DOI: 10.32615/bp.2019.071
Arabidopsis thaliana L. ecotype Dijon-G (Di-G) showed a different symptom development during pathogenesis compared to ecotype Columbia-0 (Col-0). Previously, it has been shown that Di-G has a higher susceptibility to necrotrophic fungus Alternaria brassicicola than Col-0. In this study, Di-G showed enhanced disease susceptibility to necrotrophic fungi Botrytis cinerea, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, and Sclerotium rolfsii known to secrete oxalic acid (OA) as a pathogenicity factor. Treatment with 50 and 100 mM OA resulted in a more leaf tissue collapse in Di-G than in Col-0. The OA also up-regulated expression of the salicylic acid...
Changes in leaf gas exchange, chlorophyll a fluorescence, and antioxidantsin maize leaves infected by Exserohilum turcicumOriginal Papers
P.R. SILVEIRA, P.O. MILAGRES, E.F. CORRÊA, C.E. AUCIQUE-PÉREZ, J.A. WORDELL FILHO, F.A. RODRIGUES
Biologia Plantarum 63: 643-653, 2019 | DOI: 10.32615/bp.2019.130
Considering the importance of northern leaf blight, caused by Exserohilum turcicum, to decrease maize yield, this study evaluated electrolyte leakage, content of H2O2, malondialdehyde (MDA), chlorophyll (Chl) a, Chl b, and carotenoids (CAR), and activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase, ascorbate peroxidase, peroxidase, glutathione reductase, glutathione-S-transferase, and glutathione peroxidase, as well as expressions of superoxide dismutase (sod), catalase (cat 1), ascorbate peroxidase (apx 2), peroxidase (pox), glutathione reductase (gr 1), and glutathione-S-transferase...
Enhanced antioxidant enzyme activities and respective gene expressionsin potato somatic hybrids under NaCl stressOriginal Papers
R. JBIR-KOUBAA, S. CHARFEDDINE, D. BOUAZIZ, R. BEN MANSOUR, R. GARGOURI-BOUZID, O. NOURI-ELLOUZ
Biologia Plantarum 63: 633-642, 2019 | DOI: 10.32615/bp.2019.075
Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.), a plant of great economic importance worldwide, is known to be highly sensitive to salinity. Improving the tolerance of this crop was envisaged using interspecific somatic hybridization. In this report, the impact of salinity on three hybrid lines (STBa, STBc, and STBd) produced by protoplast fusion between the cv. BF15 and the wild species Solanum berthaultii was investigated in vitro. An analysis of plant response to oxidative stress was considered when plantlets were submitted to 100 mM NaCl for 5 d. The peroxidation of membrane lipids was screened by measuring malondialdehyde accumulation in these lines....
Overexpression of the alfalfa zeaxanthin epoxidase gene delaysseed germination in transgenic tobaccoOriginal Papers
Y.M. CAO, Z.Q. ZHANG, T. ZHANG, J. AN, L.Q. CHANG, Y.F. WANG, H.X. WU, T.M. HU, P.Z. YANG
Biologia Plantarum 63: 627-632, 2019 | DOI: 10.32615/bp.2019.059
Zeaxanthin epoxidase (ZEP) plays important roles in plant growth and development due to its functions in abscisic acid (ABA) biosynthesis and in the xanthophyll cycle. Many studies have been exploring the roles of ZEP in seed germination and response to various environmental stresses. In this study, we reported that heterologously overexpressing the ZEP gene from Medicago sativa (MsZEP) in tobacco increased ABA content in tobacco mature seeds and negatively regulated seed germination. Enhanced ABA synthesis in seed embryo and delayed germination might also be related to the increased 9-cis-epoxycarotenoid dioxygenase (NCED6)...
A novel potato microRNA stu-miR856 regulates mitogen-activatedprotein kinase genes contributing to drought toleranceOriginal Papers
J.W. YANG, X. ZHU, S.G. LI, X. TANG, N. ZHANG, H.J. SI
Biologia Plantarum 63: 618-626, 2019 | DOI: 10.32615/bp.2019.067
Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) are significant components of MAPK cascades, which play versatile roles in different transduction pathways to mediate stress adaptation. However, little information is known about post-transcriptional regulation of MAPK genes in plant under drought stress. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), a class of newly identified, short non-coding RNAs, regulate the expression of target genes in plant growth, development, and stress responses. In order to investigate the mechanism of miRNA regulating MAPK genes in potato, we identified a novel potato miRNA with the sequence CGGCCTTAATAAGATGGTGAAG and named it as stu-miR856...
Identification of differentially expressed genes of Haloxylon ammodendronin response to salinity stressOriginal Papers
J.F. HE, Y.Y. FANG, Z.X. LU, L.W. WANG, X.Q. ZHAO, X.F. FU, J. ZHAO, H.K. LIU
Biologia Plantarum 63: 610-617, 2019 | DOI: 10.32615/bp.2019.066
Haloxylon ammodendron (C.A. Mey.), an endangered desert tree with excellent drought and salinity tolerance, provides a unique genotype to characterize and understand the tolerance mechanisms. In this study, four RNA-Seq libraries were constructed and sequenced from H. ammodendron under salinity stress. Total 12 027 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified, in which 4 023, 3 517, 4 487 genes were differentially expressed under light salinity stress (200 mM NaCl), moderate salinity stress (400 mM NaCl), and severe salinity stress (800 mM NaCl), respectively. The up-regulated DEGs included several transcription factors (e.g.,...
Virus-induced gene silencing for phenylalanine ammonia-lyase affects pepper adaption to low temperatureOriginal Papers
G.-X. CHENG, J.-T. SUN, J.-P. SHANG, Z.-H. GONG
Biologia Plantarum 63: 601-609, 2019 | DOI: 10.32615/bp.2019.063
Reverse genetics approaches in plants rely on post-transcriptional gene silencing to study the function of genes. In particular, virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) has been successfully applied to identify gene function in some crops. To date, it is unclear whether phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) is involved in low temperature tolerance in the pepper. Here, we used an agroinfiltration protocol with tobacco rattle virus (TRV) constructs containing partial sequences from CaPAL for VIGS to test its role in anthocyanin biosynthesis and response to low temperature in the pepper (Capsicum annuum). We found that accumulation of anthocyanins...
Evaluating the role of wheat histone variant genes in development and response to abiotic stress in ArabidopsisOriginal Papers
H. LV, X. CUI, P. ZHANG, Y. LI, Y. JI, Y. WANG, G. XIA, M. WANG
Biologia Plantarum 63: 594-600, 2019 | DOI: 10.32615/bp.2019.113
Histone variants can epigenetically regulate gene transcription through chromatin modulation. This regulation have been occasionally found in responses to abiotic stresses in plants, but their roles are not quite clear. Here, we describe 12 salt-responsive histone variant genes isolated from wheat. There was no sequence polymorphism in these 12 genes between the wheat cultivar 'JN177'and its salinity and drought tolerant derivative 'SR3' indicating that histone variant genes are highly conserved. However, these genes displayed differential patterns of transcription in 'JN177' and 'SR3'. When transformed into Arabidopsis thaliana, eight of the...
Recent advances and perspectives in crop biofortificationReviews
T. VLČKO, L. OHNOUTKOVÁ*
Biologia Plantarum 63: 586-593, 2019 | DOI: 10.32615/bp.2019.056
The increasing world population and limited amount of land area appropriate for intensive agriculture necessitate high-yield cultivars. The focus is on the enrichment of existing crops deficient in nutrients, which is also called biofortification. Microelements, vitamins, and fatty acids belong to most important traits being subjected to biofortification. Biofortification strategies can be divided on fertilization-based strategy, which is characterized by direct application of nutrients or plant growth promoting substances on plants, and biotechnological strategy, which involves molecular biology techniques in order to enhance transport, production,...
Effects of drought on expression patterns of genes encoding the antioxidantenzymes associated with chloroplasts in wheatOriginal Papers
S.F. DANYALI, M. MOGHADDAM VAHED, S.S. ALAVIKIA, H. SAMIZADEH LAHIJI, M. NOROUZI
Biologia Plantarum 63: 575-585, 2019 | DOI: 10.32615/bp.2019.055
Reactive oxygen species lead to cellular damage and in plants exposed to drought stress, an increasing expressions of genes encoding antioxidant enzymes play important protective roles. The aim of this study was to evaluate response of drought tolerant ('Arg' and 'Roshan') and drought sensitive ('Arta' and 'Navid') wheat cultivars to oxidative stress caused by drought. Relative water content (RWC), water loss rate (WLR), free proline content, malondialdehyde (MDA) accumulation, and peroxidase (POX) activity were measured after 2, 4, 6, and 8 h of dehydration. The tolerant cultivars had a higher RWC and lower MDA, proline content, POX activity and WLR...
Comparative analysis of complete chloroplast genomes sequencesof Arctium lappa and A. tomentosumOriginal Papers
Y.-P. XING, L. XU, S.-Y. CHEN, Y.-M. LIANG, J.-H. WANG, C.-S. LIU, T. LIU, T.-G. KANG
Biologia Plantarum 63: 565-574, 2019 | DOI: 10.32615/bp.2019.101
Arctium lappa and A. tomentosum are known medicinal plants in China. The complete chloroplast genomes from A. lappa and A. tomentosum were sequenced using Illumina sequencing technology. The total genome sizes of the complete chloroplast genomes of A. lappa and A. tomentosum were 152 767 bp and 152 688 bp, respectively, and contained a pair of inverted repeats of the same length (15,181 bp). The small single-copies were 18 584 bp and 18 582 bp, and the large single-copies were 83 821 bp and 83 744 bp, respectively. We identified and annotated 134 and 126 genes from A. lappa and A. tomentosum...
Expression profile analysis of MATE gene family in riceOriginal Papers
J.J. HUANG, W. J. AN, K. J. WANG, T.H. JIANG, Q. REN, W.H. LIANG, H.H. WANG*
Biologia Plantarum 63: 556-564, 2019 | DOI: 10.32615/bp.2019.099
Multidrug and toxic compound extrusion (MATE) proteins is a newly characterized transporter family in plants. However, knowledge of this family in systematic classification, molecular evolution, and expression patterns in plants is limited. In this study, MATE gene sequence, structure, and names as well as MATE protein size and subcellular localization in rice were analyzed using bioinformatics tools, chromosome localizations, and gene clusters. The function of MATE proteins was further elucidated on a basis of phylogenetic relationships. Using available transcriptomic data, the expression pattern and function of MATE were different in...
Physiological and molecular responses of two Chinese cabbage genotypes to heat stressOriginal Papers
Q. SONG, F. YANG, B. CUI, J. LI, Y. ZHANG, H. LI, N. QIU, F. WANG, J. GAO
Biologia Plantarum 63: 548-555, 2019 | DOI: 10.32615/bp.2019.097
A comparative investigation of heat stress-mediated physiological and biochemical parameters in conjunction with the expression analysis of heat shock transcription factors (BrHSF) from two different Chinese cabbage genotypes was done to understand the mechanism of heat tolerance. Our results show that the heat-tolerant (2013-33) genotype had a smaller relative electric conductivity, a less malondialdehyde content and a higher maximal efficiency of photosystem II photochemistry than the heat-sensitive (AM160) genotype, and was able to develop the leaf head under heat stress, whereas 'AM160' flailed to develop it. The results also indicate...
Molecular and physiological analysis of drought stress responses in Zea mays treated with plant growth promoting rhizobacteriaOriginal Papers
I. AHMAD, S. ZAIB, P.C.M.S. ALVES, D.S. LUTHE, A. BANO, S.N. SHAKEEL
Biologia Plantarum 63: 536-547, 2019 | DOI: 10.32615/bp.2019.092
Our research intended to appraise the performance of two different Pseudomonas strains on Zea mays L. (cv. B73) under drought stress and non-stress conditions. Plants were inoculated with P. putida KT2440 (Pp) and P. fluorescens (Pf1) followed by sampling at 0, 3rd, and 6th day after imposition of drought stress (DAS). Both strains demonstrated significant improvement in root length, protein content, chlorophyll content, and root and shoot fresh masses as compared to un-inoculated drought stressed plants. Real-time quantitative PCR analysis revealed that drought stress responsive genes, i.e.,...
The crucial role of gibberellic acid on germination of drought-resistant upland riceOriginal Papers
J.-Z. LI, M.-Q. LI, Y.-C. HAN, H.-Z. SUN, Y.-X. DU, Q.-Z. ZHAO*
Biologia Plantarum 63: 529-535, 2019 | DOI: 10.32615/bp.2019.049
Drought is one of the main factors restricting seed germination. In order to reveal the physiological and molecular mechanisms of improved germination ability in upland rice under drought stress, we investigated the seed germination characteristics and the expression of genes related to gibberellic acid (GA3), α-amylase, and expansin of upland rice cultivar IRAT109 and lowland rice cultivar Yuefu under drought stress induced by 15 % (m/v) polyethylene glycol (PEG) and GA3 application. Seed germination decreased in upland rice and lowland rice under PEG-induced stress; upland rice was less affected than lowland rice. The germination...
Exogenous spermidine enhances expression of Calvin cycle genes andphotosynthetic efficiency in sweet sorghum seedlings under salt stressOriginal Papers
A.I. EL SAYED, M.A.M. EL-HAMAHMY, M.S. RAFUDEEN, M.K.H. EBRAHIM
Biologia Plantarum 63: 511-518, 2019 | DOI: 10.32615/bp.2019.046
Salinity adversely affects plants resulting in disruption to plant growth and physiology. Previously, it has been shown that these negative effects can be alleviated by various exogenous polyamines. However, the role of spermidine (Spd) in conferring salinity tolerance in sorghum is not well documented. The effect of exogenous Spd on the responses of sweet sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.) seedlings to salt stress (150 mM NaCl) was investigated by measuring photosynthetic carbon assimilation, Calvin cycle enzyme activities, and the the expression of respective genes. Application of 0.25 mM Spd alleviated the negative effects of salt stress on efficiency...