Biologia plantarum - Latest articles

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Genes involved in strigolactone biosyntheses and their expression analyses in columnar apple and standard appleOriginal Papers

X. SUN, C. WEN, H. HOU, H. HUO, J. ZHU, H. DAI, Y. ZHANG

Biologia plantarum 64: 68-76, 2020 | DOI: 10.32615/bp.2019.047

Columnar apple is a valuable resource for genetic improvement of cultivated apples due to its special tree architecture. Strigolactones (SLs) are a novel class of plant hormones controlling shoot branching. The content of SLs is higher in columnar apple than in standard apples. In this study, the members of major gene families involved in SLs biosynthesis and signaling were identified from apple genomic sequences and their expression profiles were characterized in columnar and standard apples using reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reactions. In comparison with standard apple, the higher expressions of MORE AXILLARY GROWTH...

Overexpression of oil palm EgDREB1 in tomato decreased fruit size and produced parthenocarpic fruitsOriginal Papers

A.M. AZZEME, S.N.A. ABDULLAH, M.A. AZIZ, P.E. MEGAT WAHAB

Biologia plantarum 64: 58-67, 2020 | DOI: 10.32615/bp.2019.084

Drought-responsive element binding (DREB) is involved in the regulation of stress-responsive gene expressions in plants through abscisic acid (ABA)-independent pathway. In this study, constitutive expression of oil palm (Elaeis guineensis) EgDREB1 driven by double strength cauliflower mosaic virus 35S promoter in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) reduced seed number, produced parthenocarpic fruits, changed morphology of leaves, and increased root biomass of transgenic plants. Early flowering and fruiting of the transgenic lines were observed in the culture vessels. EgDREB1 was specifically expressed in the fruits and its expression...

Overexpression of Iris lactea tonoplast Na⁺/H⁺ antiporter gene IlNHX confers improved salt tolerance in tobaccoOriginal Papers

Q. GUO, X.X. TIAN, P.C. MAO, L. MENG^*

Biologia plantarum 64: 50-57, 2020 | DOI: 10.32615/bp.2019.126

Sodium cation compartmentalization into vacuoles is one of the effective strategies for adaptation of halophytes to saline environments. Tonoplast Na⁺/H⁺ antiporter (NHX) is involved in Na⁺ sequestration into vacuoles under salt stress. However, the function of NHX in halophyte Iris lactea is still unclear. In this study, a significant positive correlation was observed between Na⁺ accumulations and IlNHX expression in tissues under 0 - 200 mM NaCl, indicating IlNHX might be responsible for Na⁺ accumulation of I. lactea under salt stress. More important, IlNHX was specifically...

Changes of lipid metabolism of Arabidopsis thaliana in response to oligochitosan treatmentOriginal Papers

X.J. WANG, X.L. SU, J.M. LI, P. ZHU

Biologia plantarum 64: 43-49, 2020 | DOI: 10.32615/bp.2019.133

Lipids are vital cellular constituents in plant, and lipid peroxidation metabolites are critical defence substances in plants. In this study, mass spectrometry along with projections to latent structures discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) was used to detect lipid metabolism changes in Arabidopsis thaliana in response to oligochitosan (an effective resistance elicitor for the control of plant diseases). The PLS-DA showed that lipid metabolites of Arabidopsis thaliana were influenced by oligochitosan treatment. The total content of oxylipin containing monogalactosyldiacylglycerols, oxylipin-containing digalactosyldiacylglycerols, and oxylipin-containing...

Treatment of Glycine max seeds with gibberellins alters root morphology, anatomy, and transcriptional networksOriginal Papers

Y.Q. HAN, Y. SHI, Y.M. GAO, J.D. DU, N.J. FENG, Y.X. ZHANG, D.F. ZHENG

Biologia plantarum 64: 32-42, 2020 | DOI: 10.32615/bp.2019.124

Gibberellins (GAs) regulate diverse aspects of growth and development, but their role in root development and lateral root (LR) formation is poorly understood. In this study, GA₃ was applied to soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr] by seed soaking. The results showed that root length and root surface area were significantly inhibited in early stages after GA₃ treatment. Microscopic examination showed that GA₃ treatment changed the cortex thickness, the pericycle diameter, and cell size in main root. Interestingly, exogenous GA₃ increased the quantity of lateral root primordia (LRP), but LR number decreased...

Biochemical and morphophysiological strategies of MyracrodruonOriginal Papers

L.M. SOUZA, M.R. BARBOSA, M.B. MORAIS, L. PALHARES NETO, C. ULISSES, and T.R. CAMARA

Biologia plantarum 64: 20-31, 2020 | DOI: 10.32615/bp.2019.070

In view of the ecological, social, and economic importance of Myracrodruon urundeuva Allemão, the objective of this study was to investigate the strategies of this species under drought during its initial phase of development. Two-month-old plants were cultivated under continuous irrigation or no irrigation for 20 d. After this period, the water-stressed plants were rehydrated for 20 d. Physiological, biochemical, and anatomical variables were evaluated on 20^th and 40^th day. Water deficit (25 and 85 % leaf relative content) caused senescence followed by leaf abscission. Growth in height was negatively affected by water...

Revision of the barley WRKY gene family phylogeny and expression analysis of the candidate genes in response to droughtOriginal Papers

B. YAZDANI, S. SANJARI, R. ASGHARI-ZAKARIA, F. GHANEGOLMOHAMMADI, E. POURABED, M. SHAHBAZI, Z.-S. SHOBBAR

Biologia plantarum 64: 9-19, 2020 | DOI: 10.32615/bp.2019.109

The WRKY belongs to an important plant specific transcription factor families which are involved in response to various environmental stresses, as well as in growth and developmental processes. In the present report, a genome-wide identification and characterization of WRKY gene family in barley led to revision of HvWRKYs to 93 members. The phylogenetic tree was also reconstructed based on the full-length WRKY protein sequences in barley and Arabidopsis. HvWRKYs were classified into three major groups (I, II, and III) and group II was further divided to 5 subgroups (a to e). HvWRKYs were named after this classification. Interestingly,...

Silver nanoparticles with different concentrations and particle sizes affect the functional traits of wheatOriginal Papers

S. WANG, B. D. WU, M. WEI, J. W. ZHOU, K. JIANG, C.Y. WANG

Biologia plantarum 64: 1-8, 2020 | DOI: 10.32615/bp.2019.122

The response of functional traits of plants to external environment can influence their competitive ability because these functional traits are required for the acquisition of resources. The overuse of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) has gained attention due to their environmental toxicity. This study aimed to examine the effects of AgNPs with different concentrations and particle sizes on functional traits of wheat. It was observed that AgNPs significantly reduced the plant height and so decrease its competitive ability. Ag ions decreased leaf chlorophyll and nitrogen content and specific leaf area more than AgNPs, but the opposite was true for leaf...

Transcriptome sequencing flower petals reveals insights into regulation of flavonoid biosynthesis in Osmanthus fragransOriginal Papers

Y.J. HAN^*, M.F. DONG, H.Y. WANG, X.D. WANG, K. LI, F.D. SHANG^*

Biologia Plantarum 63: 765-775, 2019 | DOI: 10.32615/bp.2019.146

Osmanthus fragrans Lour., one of the top 10 most popular flowers in China, is known for both its beauty and fragrance. It is rich in flavonoids, a class of secondary metabolites with significant neuroprotective, free-radical scavenging, and anti-oxidant activity. To understand the mechanisms regulating flavonoid biosynthesis, we conducted transcriptome sequencing O. fragrans flowers to analyze gene expressions during the full flowering stage. The RNA was isolated separately from petals of cvs. Yingui and Dangui, which were treated or not with jasmonic acid, salicylic acid, or abscisic acid. A total of 142 029 unigenes were denovo assembled,...

A methyl jasmonate induced defensin like protein from Panax notoginseng confers resistance against Fusarium solani in transgenic tobaccoOriginal Papers

Q. WANG, B.L. QIU, S. LI, Y.P. ZHANG, X.M. CUI, F. GE, D.Q. LIU

Biologia Plantarum 63: 797-807, 2019 | DOI: 10.32615/bp.2019.123

Plant defensins and defensin like protein (DEFL) form a large family of small cysteine-rich proteins. They are major components of plant immune systems, being involved in host defenses against biotic and abiotic stresses. In this study, a novel defensin like protein (DEFL) gene PnDEFL1 was isolated from Panax notoginseng, a traditional Chinese medicinal herb. The expression patterns of PnDEFL1 after treatment with methyl jasmonate, salicylic acid, ethephon, and H₂O₂, as well as during Fusarium solani infection, were analyzed using reverse transcription qPCR. The up-regulated expression of PnDEFL1...

Promoter activity of genes encoding the Specific Tissue protein family in the reproductive organs of Medicago truncatulaOriginal Papers

L. ALBORNOS, I. MARTÍN, E. LABRADOR^*, B. DOPICO

Biologia Plantarum 63: 785-796, 2019 | DOI: 10.32615/bp.2019.111

The "Specific Tissue" (ST) are proteins of unknown function present only in some plant families, mainly Fabaceae and Asteraceae. They are included in the PF10950 protein family and characterized by the presence of at least one domain of unknown function (DUF)2775. In this work we studied the involvement of the six members of the Medicago truncatula ST family (ST1 to ST6) in the development of flowers, fruits, and seeds by analysing the activity of their promoters (pST) after the construction of M. truncatula transgenic plants expressing the b-glucuronidase (GUS) reporter gene under the control of the six pSTs....

An overexpression of the AP2/ERF transcription factor from Iris typhifolia in Arabidopsis thaliana confers tolerance to salt stressOriginal Papers

J. WU, J. ZHANG, X. LI, J. LIU, Z. NIU, L. WANG^*

Biologia Plantarum 63: 776-784, 2019 | DOI: 10.32615/bp.2019.082

The roles of ethylene responsive factors (ERFs) and their positive and negative regulations of abiotic stress tolerance have been widely reported. This study reports the characterization of ItERF from Iris typhifolia Kitag with respect to molecular and functional properties. The 867 bp cDNA fragment of ItERF was cloned by reverse transcription PCR from I. typhifolia. Real-time quantitative PCR revealed that ItERF expression was induced in the roots, stems, and leaves of I. typhifolia after NaCl treatment, and that ItERF expressions were significantly higher in the leaves and roots than in the stems....

Proline metabolism-related gene expression in four potato genotypes in response to drought stressOriginal Papers

Y. LIU, L. WANG, Y. LI, X. LI, J. ZHANG

Biologia Plantarum 63: 757-764, 2019 | DOI: 10.32615/bp.2019.153

Drought severely limits potato yield. The aim of this work was to study a response of plantlets of four potato genotypes to polyethylene glycol (PEG 6000)-induced drought stress in both physiological and molecular levels. The drought-tolerant and drought-sensitive genotypes were identified based on plantlet growth, chlorophyll content, lipid peroxidation, free proline content, and proline metabolism-related gene expressions. We found that PEG-induced stress increased malondialdehyde (MDA) and proline content, and drought-tolerant plantlets exhibited lower MDA and proline content than sensitive genotypes. In addition, PEG up-regulated ∆-1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate...

Constitutive expression of the wheat TaSOD5 gene enhances salinity tolerance of Arabidopsis thalianaOriginal Papers

Y.-G. SONG, T.-X. GAO, X.-J. LIU, W. DONG^*

Biologia Plantarum 63: 750-756, 2019 | DOI: 10.32615/bp.2019.108

Superoxide dismutase is a crucial reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenger and converts the superoxide radical (O₂^-) to H₂O₂, so it is thought to enhance abiotic stress tolerance by reducing ROS accumulation and so avoiding oxidative damage. In this study, we isolated a salt- and oxidative stress-responsive Cu/Zn SOD gene TaSOD5 from wheat. The ectopic overexpression of TaSOD5 in Arabidopsis increased total and Cu/Zn SOD activities, and offered the plant tolerance to salt stress. Arabidopsis ectopically expressing TaSOD5 possessed a superior resistance to oxidative stress...

Proteome analysis of sesame leaves in response to waterlogging stress at vegetative and flowering stagesOriginal Papers

H.-J. JUNG, S.K. ROY, S.-W. CHO, S.-J. KWON, C. KUN, H.-C. CHUN, S.-H. WOO

Biologia Plantarum 63: 733-749, 2019 | DOI: 10.32615/bp.2019.062

Waterlogging, a major environmental stress, impairs plant growth and development and induces synthesis of different proteins. To understand the molecular mechanisms coupled with morpho-physiological alterations underlying waterlogging tolerance, the LTQ-FTICR MS/MS technique was employed to map the proteomes of leaves of sesame grown under control and waterlogged conditions. The waterlogging treatment caused dramatic alterations in morphological and biochemical properties of the leaves of sesame. For proteome analysis, more than 75 reproducible protein spots were identified on 2-DE gels wherein 51 protein spots (≥ 1.5-fold change) were used for...

A genome-wide analysis of the cellulose synthase-like (Csl) gene family in maizeOriginal Papers

Y. LI, X. CHENG, Y. FU, Q. WU, Y. GUO, J. PENG, W. ZHANG, B. HE

Biologia Plantarum 63: 721-732, 2019 | DOI: 10.32615/bp.2019.081

Cell walls play an important role in the structure and morphology of plants as well as in responses to various biotic and abiotic stresses. Although the comprehensive analysis of genes involved in cellulose synthase has been performed in model plants, such as Arabidopsis thaliana and rice, information regarding cellulose synthase-like (Csl) genes in maize is limited. In this study, a total of 56 members of Csl gene family were identified in maize genome and classified into six subfamilies. Analysis of gene structure and conserved motif indicated functional similarities among the ZmCsl proteins within the same subfamily....

Anthocyanin accumulation and differential gene expression in wild-typeand mutant Syzygium malaccense fruits during their growth and ripeningOriginal Papers

P. KOTEPONG, R.E. PAULL, S. KETSA

Biologia Plantarum 63: 710-720, 2019 | DOI: 10.32615/bp.2019.068

Ripe wild-type Malay apple (Syzygium malaccense) cv. Saraek fruit epidermis is red, whereas a mutant has a white skin. Wild-type and mutant fruit were used as a fruit model to study the regulation and gene expression patterns of anthocyanin biosynthesis and a myeloblastosis (MYB) transcription factor during growth and development. Fruit size, color, anthocyanin composition, and the expression of genes involved in anthocyanin biosyntheses were determined during fruit growth and ripening. Wild-type ripe fruit had a greater diameter and fruit mass than the mutant. The total anthocyanin content was approximately nine-fold higher in wild-type red...

Genes involved in stress signals: the CBLs-CIPKs network in cold tolerant Solanum commersoniiOriginal Papers

S. ESPOSITO, V. D'AMELIA, D. CARPUTO^*, R. AVERSANO^*

Biologia Plantarum 63: 699-709, 2019 | DOI: 10.32615/bp.2019.072

Several studies revealed the important contribution of calcineurin B-like (CBLs) and CBL-interacting kinase (CIPKs) genes in transmitting stress signals in plants. Taking advantage from the genome sequences of the cultivated potato Solanum tuberosum and its wild relatives S. commersonii and S. chacoense, we identified for the first time 10 CBLs and 26 CIPKs genes in each species. The CBLs and CIPKs derived from tandem duplications indicate that these gene families in potato mainly arise through amplification mechanisms. Once annotated, we compared the par excellence...

Application of sodium salicylate up-regulates defense responseagainst Fusarium graminearum in wheat spikesOriginal Papers

M. SORAHINOBAR, V. NIKNAM, A. JAHEDI, H. EBRAHIMZADEH, B. MORADI, M. BEHMANESH, H. SOLTANLOO

Biologia Plantarum 63: 690-698, 2019 | DOI: 10.32615/bp.2019.139

Fusarium head blight caused by the hemibiotrophic fungus Fusarium graminearum is one of the most devastating diseases of wheat which reduces both grain yield and quality. To better understand mechanism underlying wheat resistance to this pathogen, the expressions of five candidate genes encoding phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL), glucanase-2 (Gl 2), class IV chitinase (Cht-4), cytochrome P₄₅₀ (CYP₎, and pleiotropic drug resistance (PDR) following spike inoculation with F. graminearum was compared in susceptible cv. Falat and resistant cv. Sumai3...

Histone modifications during tobacco male meiosisOriginal Papers

S. MURSALIMOV, E. DEINEKO, A. HOUBEN, D. DEMIDOV

Biologia Plantarum 63: 681-689, 2019 | DOI: 10.32615/bp.2019.077

The special and temporal distribution of several posttranslational histone modifications (H3K4me2, H3K4me3, H3K9me2, H3K27me2, H3K9ac, H3K14ac, H3K18ac, H3K27ac, H3S10ph, H3S28ph, H3T3ph, H3K4me1-H3T3ph, H3K4me3/H3T3ph H3T11ph, H2AT121ph, and H2A.XS139ph) has been analysed during microsporogenesis of tobacco. Homogeneous distribution of the euchromatin marks H3K4me2 and H3K4me3 throughout the entire chromatin of amphidiploid Nicotiana tabacum suggests that both subgenomes were transcriptionally active. Localization of hyperacetylated clusters of H3K18 and H3K27 close to nucleoli suggests that both modifications were possibly involved in transcription...

The methylation pattern of DNA and complex correlations with gene expressions during TuMV infection in Chinese cabbageOriginal Papers

J. YU, L.-W. GAO, Y. YANG, C. LIU, R.-J. ZHANG, F.-F. SUN, L.-X. SONG, D. XIAO, T.-K.LIU, X.-L. HOU, C.-W. ZHANG

Biologia Plantarum 63: 671-680, 2019 | DOI: 10.32615/bp.2019.073

Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa L. ssp. pekinensis) is one of the most important economic crops. However, its yield and quality can be severely threatened by Turnip mosaic virus (TuMV). Emerging evidence indicates that epigenetic mechanisms, especially DNA methylation, play an important role in regulating gene expression. Therefore, identification of resistance genes modified by DNA methylation during the virus infection would provide a critical clue for improving disease resistance breeding programs. Here, we present detailed analysis for the correlation of DNA methylation and gene expression involved in several anti-pathogen...

Analysis of apple epidermis in respect to ontogenic resistance against Venturia inaequalisOriginal Papers

I. ZAJÍCOVÁ, E. TIHLAŘÍKOVÁ, P. CIFROVÁ, P. KYJAKOVÁ, V. NEDĚLA, J. SECHET, L. HAVELKOVÁ, J. KLOUTVOROVÁ, K. SCHWARZEROVÁ

Biologia Plantarum 63: 662-670, 2019 | DOI: 10.32615/bp.2019.134

In order to understand mechanisms of ontogenic resistance to apple scab, we analyzed various aspects of young and old leaves. We have introduced an apple plants cultivation system where in vitro propagated and rooting explants produce a genetically uniform population of apple (Malus domestica cv. Idared) plants. In this work, we demonstrate that apple plants produced in our cultivation system showed susceptibility to Venturia inaequalis, the cause of apple scab disease in young leaves and resistance in old leaves, which is similar to orchard situation. Our analysis shows that the cessation of epidermal cell expansion and shape...

Response of two Arabidopsis ecotypes Columbia-0 and Dijon-G to necrotrophic and biotrophic pathogensOriginal Papers

Y.H. LEE, J.Y. MOON, H.J. KIM, J.M. PARK, I.S. HWANG, J.K. HONG

Biologia Plantarum 63: 654-661, 2019 | DOI: 10.32615/bp.2019.071

Arabidopsis thaliana L. ecotype Dijon-G (Di-G) showed a different symptom development during pathogenesis compared to ecotype Columbia-0 (Col-0). Previously, it has been shown that Di-G has a higher susceptibility to necrotrophic fungus Alternaria brassicicola than Col-0. In this study, Di-G showed enhanced disease susceptibility to necrotrophic fungi Botrytis cinerea, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, and Sclerotium rolfsii known to secrete oxalic acid (OA) as a pathogenicity factor. Treatment with 50 and 100 mM OA resulted in a more leaf tissue collapse in Di-G than in Col-0. The OA also up-regulated expression of the salicylic acid...

Changes in leaf gas exchange, chlorophyll a fluorescence, and antioxidantsin maize leaves infected by Exserohilum turcicumOriginal Papers

P.R. SILVEIRA, P.O. MILAGRES, E.F. CORRÊA, C.E. AUCIQUE-PÉREZ, J.A. WORDELL FILHO, F.A. RODRIGUES

Biologia Plantarum 63: 643-653, 2019 | DOI: 10.32615/bp.2019.130

Considering the importance of northern leaf blight, caused by Exserohilum turcicum, to decrease maize yield, this study evaluated electrolyte leakage, content of H₂O₂, malondialdehyde (MDA), chlorophyll (Chl) a, Chl b, and carotenoids (CAR), and activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase, ascorbate peroxidase, peroxidase, glutathione reductase, glutathione-S-transferase, and glutathione peroxidase, as well as expressions of superoxide dismutase (sod), catalase (cat 1), ascorbate peroxidase (apx 2), peroxidase (pox), glutathione reductase (gr 1), and glutathione-S-transferase...

Enhanced antioxidant enzyme activities and respective gene expressionsin potato somatic hybrids under NaCl stressOriginal Papers

R. JBIR-KOUBAA, S. CHARFEDDINE, D. BOUAZIZ, R. BEN MANSOUR, R. GARGOURI-BOUZID, O. NOURI-ELLOUZ

Biologia Plantarum 63: 633-642, 2019 | DOI: 10.32615/bp.2019.075

Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.), a plant of great economic importance worldwide, is known to be highly sensitive to salinity. Improving the tolerance of this crop was envisaged using interspecific somatic hybridization. In this report, the impact of salinity on three hybrid lines (STBa, STBc, and STBd) produced by protoplast fusion between the cv. BF15 and the wild species Solanum berthaultii was investigated in vitro. An analysis of plant response to oxidative stress was considered when plantlets were submitted to 100 mM NaCl for 5 d. The peroxidation of membrane lipids was screened by measuring malondialdehyde accumulation in these lines....

Overexpression of the alfalfa zeaxanthin epoxidase gene delaysseed germination in transgenic tobaccoOriginal Papers

Y.M. CAO, Z.Q. ZHANG, T. ZHANG, J. AN, L.Q. CHANG, Y.F. WANG, H.X. WU, T.M. HU, P.Z. YANG

Biologia Plantarum 63: 627-632, 2019 | DOI: 10.32615/bp.2019.059

Zeaxanthin epoxidase (ZEP) plays important roles in plant growth and development due to its functions in abscisic acid (ABA) biosynthesis and in the xanthophyll cycle. Many studies have been exploring the roles of ZEP in seed germination and response to various environmental stresses. In this study, we reported that heterologously overexpressing the ZEP gene from Medicago sativa (MsZEP) in tobacco increased ABA content in tobacco mature seeds and negatively regulated seed germination. Enhanced ABA synthesis in seed embryo and delayed germination might also be related to the increased 9-cis-epoxycarotenoid dioxygenase (NCED6)...

A novel potato microRNA stu-miR856 regulates mitogen-activatedprotein kinase genes contributing to drought toleranceOriginal Papers

J.W. YANG, X. ZHU, S.G. LI, X. TANG, N. ZHANG, H.J. SI

Biologia Plantarum 63: 618-626, 2019 | DOI: 10.32615/bp.2019.067

Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) are significant components of MAPK cascades, which play versatile roles in different transduction pathways to mediate stress adaptation. However, little information is known about post-transcriptional regulation of MAPK genes in plant under drought stress. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), a class of newly identified, short non-coding RNAs, regulate the expression of target genes in plant growth, development, and stress responses. In order to investigate the mechanism of miRNA regulating MAPK genes in potato, we identified a novel potato miRNA with the sequence CGGCCTTAATAAGATGGTGAAG and named it as stu-miR856...

Identification of differentially expressed genes of Haloxylon ammodendronin response to salinity stressOriginal Papers

J.F. HE, Y.Y. FANG, Z.X. LU, L.W. WANG, X.Q. ZHAO, X.F. FU, J. ZHAO, H.K. LIU

Biologia Plantarum 63: 610-617, 2019 | DOI: 10.32615/bp.2019.066

Haloxylon ammodendron (C.A. Mey.), an endangered desert tree with excellent drought and salinity tolerance, provides a unique genotype to characterize and understand the tolerance mechanisms. In this study, four RNA-Seq libraries were constructed and sequenced from H. ammodendron under salinity stress. Total 12 027 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified, in which 4 023, 3 517, 4 487 genes were differentially expressed under light salinity stress (200 mM NaCl), moderate salinity stress (400 mM NaCl), and severe salinity stress (800 mM NaCl), respectively. The up-regulated DEGs included several transcription factors (e.g.,...

Virus-induced gene silencing for phenylalanine ammonia-lyase affects pepper adaption to low temperatureOriginal Papers

G.-X. CHENG, J.-T. SUN, J.-P. SHANG, Z.-H. GONG

Biologia Plantarum 63: 601-609, 2019 | DOI: 10.32615/bp.2019.063

Reverse genetics approaches in plants rely on post-transcriptional gene silencing to study the function of genes. In particular, virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) has been successfully applied to identify gene function in some crops. To date, it is unclear whether phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) is involved in low temperature tolerance in the pepper. Here, we used an agroinfiltration protocol with tobacco rattle virus (TRV) constructs containing partial sequences from CaPAL for VIGS to test its role in anthocyanin biosynthesis and response to low temperature in the pepper (Capsicum annuum). We found that accumulation of anthocyanins...

Evaluating the role of wheat histone variant genes in development and response to abiotic stress in ArabidopsisOriginal Papers

H. LV, X. CUI, P. ZHANG, Y. LI, Y. JI, Y. WANG, G. XIA, M. WANG

Biologia Plantarum 63: 594-600, 2019 | DOI: 10.32615/bp.2019.113

Histone variants can epigenetically regulate gene transcription through chromatin modulation. This regulation have been occasionally found in responses to abiotic stresses in plants, but their roles are not quite clear. Here, we describe 12 salt-responsive histone variant genes isolated from wheat. There was no sequence polymorphism in these 12 genes between the wheat cultivar 'JN177'and its salinity and drought tolerant derivative 'SR3' indicating that histone variant genes are highly conserved. However, these genes displayed differential patterns of transcription in 'JN177' and 'SR3'. When transformed into Arabidopsis thaliana, eight of the...