Metabolism of bioactive lipids
The department focuses on the analysis of lipid mediators (eicosanoids, docosanoids, endocannabinoids) using the UPLC-MS/MS method, in particular to identify the source of production of various mediators and their effect on metabolism and immune cells (i.e. adipocytes vs. macrophages). Currently, the lab is exploring new anti-diabetic lipids, fatty acid esters of hydroxy fatty acids and lipid-related metabolic pathways using stable isotopes.
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Projects
White adipose tissue (WAT) is a complex endocrine organ and its low-grade inflammation in obesity contributes to the development of metabolic disorders. In 2014, a class of WAT-born lipid mediators - fatty acid esters of hydroxy fatty acids (FAHFA) was discovered. FAHFAs are endogenous lipids with anti-inflammatory and anti-diabetic properties, including the enhancement of glucose tolerance, and insulin and glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) secretion while reducing inflammatory responses [1-5].
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Our lab participates in OPEN SCIENCE initiative and hosts high school students with their project in metabolomics.
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The main objective of this project is to explore structure, mechanisms of action, anti-inflammatory and anti-diabetic effects of novel lipokines – branched fatty acid esters of hydroxy fatty acids derived from polyunsaturated fatty acids of n-3 series (Omega-3) using obesity and inflammation models.
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Obesity is associated with an increased risk of developing metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. The adipose tissue significantly affects the whole-body metabolism of carbohydrates and lipids, which also involves fatty acid esters of hydroxy fatty acids (FAHFA), lipid mediators that affect glucose uptake and insulin sensitivity in target tissues. Our goal is to identify the metabolic pathways between lipid synthesis and antioxidant defense involved in FAHFA biosynthesis, to examine the substrate specifity of the candidate enzyme, and to introduce a methodology for the quantification of metabolic fluxes through redox reactions linking central carbon metabolism and nicotinamidadene cofactor-driven reductive biosynthesis.
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Achievements
Ondrej Kuda has been awarded Lumina Quaeruntur praemium.
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