Photosynthetica, 2019 (vol. 57), issue 4

Photosynthetica 2019, 57(4):1130-1141 | DOI: 10.32615/ps.2019.125

Morphological and physiological responses of Spatholobus suberectus Dunn to nitrogen and water availability

Z.-X. ZHANG1,2, J. ZHANG1,2,3, Y. GONG5, G.-Z. LIU1, L.-L. GAO1, P. ZHANG5, C.-T. CAI1,6
1 CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Plant Resources and Sustainable Use, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Menglun, Mengla, 666303 Yunnan, China
2 University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, China
3 Institute of Medicinal Plants, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, 650200 Yunnan, China
5 Zhuzhou Qianjin Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Zhuzhou, 412007 Hunan, China
6 Center of Economic Botany, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Menglun, Mengla, 666303 Yunnan, China

A pot study was conducted to elucidate morphological and physiological responses of Spatholobus suberectus Dunn accessions to four nitrogen application rates (0, 10, 20, and 30 mmol L-1) and two watering regimes (daily irrigation and irrigation every 10 d for a month). The results showed that water deficit led to marked decreases in leaf water relations and photosynthetic parameters regardless of the N treatments. Under drought conditions, the reductions in net photosynthesis occurred mainly due to stomatal factors. Although the leaf N content and stem mass ratio were positively correlated with N application, other morphological and physiological characteristics were negatively correlated or nonsignificantly correlated with N application under limited water supply. As the root nodules of S. suberectus can provide sufficient N supply, and high N applications made S. suberectus plants more vulnerable to drought stress, we suggest that no N supplement is required for S. suberectus seedlings.

Keywords: fertilizer; gas exchange; nitrogen-use efficiency; water-use efficiency; water stress.

Received: March 19, 2019; Accepted: September 4, 2019; Prepublished online: October 14, 2019; Published: November 1, 2019Show citation

ACS AIP APA ASA Harvard Chicago IEEE ISO690 MLA NLM Turabian Vancouver
ZHANG, Z.-X., ZHANG, J., GONG, Y., LIU, G.-Z., GAO, L.-L., ZHANG, P., & CAI, C.-T. (2019). Morphological and physiological responses of Spatholobus suberectus Dunn to nitrogen and water availability. Photosynthetica, 57(4), 1130-1141. doi: 10.32615/ps.2019.125.
Download citation
  • BibTeX (.bib)
  • Bookends (.ris)
  • EasyBib (.ris)
  • EndNote (.enw)
  • EndNote 8 (.xml)
  • ISI WoS (.isi)
  • Medlars (.medlars)
  • Mendeley (.ris)
  • MODS (.xml)
  • Papers (.ris)
  • RefWorks (.txt)
  • RefManager (.ris)
  • RIS (.ris)
  • MS Word (.xml)
  • Zotero (.ris)
    • Open full article

    References

    1. Aerts R., Chapin III F.S.: The mineral nutrition of wild plants revisited: A re-evaluation of processes and patterns. - In: Fitter A.H., Raffaelli D.G. (ed.): Advances in Ecological Research. Vol. 30. Pp. 1-67. Elsevier, London 1999. Go to original source...
    2. Belane A.K, Dakora F.D.: Photosynthesis, symbiotic N and C accumulation in leaves of 30 nodulated cowpea genotypes grown in the field at Wa in the Guinea savanna of Ghana. - Field Crop. Res. 124: 279-287, 2011. Go to original source...
    3. Boyer J.S.: Plant productivity and environment. - Science 218: 443-448, 1982. Go to original source...
    4. Bruno I.P., Unkovich M.J., Bortolotto R.P. et al.: Fertilizer nitrogen in fertigated coffee crop: Absorption changes in plant compartments over time. - Field Crop. Res. 124: 369-377, 2011. Go to original source...
    5. Cano F.J., Sánchez-Gómez D., Rodríguez-Calcerrada J. et al.: Effects of drought on mesophyll conductance and photosyn-thetic limitations at different tree canopy layers. - Plant Cell Environ. 36: 1961-1980, 2013.
    6. Cechin I.: Photosynthesis and chlorophyll fluorescence in two hybrids of Sorghum under different nitrogen and water regimes. - Photosynthetica 35: 233-240, 1998. Go to original source...
    7. Chapin III F.S., Bloom A.J., Field C.B., Waring R.H.: Interactions of environmental factors in controlling plant growth. - BioScience 37: 49-57, 1987. Go to original source...
    8. Chaves M.M., Maroco J.P., Pereira J.S.: Understanding plant response to drought: From genes to the whole plant. - Funct. Plant Biol. 30: 239-264, 2003. Go to original source...
    9. Cheng L., Fuchigami L.H.: Rubisco activation state decreases with increasing nitrogen content in apple leaves. - J. Exp. Bot. 51: 1687-1694, 2000. Go to original source...
    10. Chinese Pharmacopoeia Commission (ed.): [Pharmacopoeia of the People's Republic of China. Vol. 1.] Pp. 194. China Medical Science Press, Beijing 2015. [In Chinese]
    11. Cornelissen J.H.C., Lavorel S., Garnier E. et al.: A handbook of protocols for standardised and easy measurement of plant functional traits worldwide. - Aust. J. Bot. 51: 335-380, 2003. Go to original source...
    12. Costa J.M., Ortuño M.F., Chaves M.M.: Deficit irrigation as a strategy to save water: Physiology and potential application to horticulture. - J. Integr. Plant Biol. 49: 1421-1434, 2007. Go to original source...
    13. Daimon H., Hori K., Shimizu A., Nakagawa M.: Nitrate-induced inhibition of root nodule formation and nitrogenase activity in the peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.). - Plant Prod. Sci. 2: 81-86, 1999. Go to original source...
    14. DaMatta F.M., Loos R.A., Silva E.A. et al.: Effects of soil water deficit and nitrogen nutrition on water relations and photosynthesis of pot-grown Coffea canephora Pierre. - Trees 16: 555-558, 2002a. Go to original source...
    15. DaMatta F.M., Loos R.A., Silva E.A., Loureiro M.E.: Limitations to photosynthesis in Coffea canephora as a result of nitrogen and water availability. - J. Plant Physiol. 159: 975-981, 2002b. Go to original source...
    16. Deng X.P., Shan L., Zhang H., Turner N.C.: Improving agri-cultural water use efficiency in arid and semiarid areas of China. - Agr. Water Manage. 80: 23-40, 2006. Go to original source...
    17. Dias P.C., Araujo W.L., Moraes G.A.B.K. et al.: Morphological and physiological responses of two coffee progenies to soil water availability. - J. Plant Physiol. 164: 1639-1647, 2007. Go to original source...
    18. Doku E.V.: Effect of day-length and water on nodulation of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.) in Ghana. - Exp. Agr. 6: 13-18, 1970. Go to original source...
    19. Eamus D., Prior L.: Ecophysiology of trees of seasonally dry tropics: Comparisons among phenologies. - Adv. Ecol. Res. 32: 113-197, 2001. Go to original source...
    20. Elser J.J., Fagan W.F., Denno R.F. et al.: Nutritional constraints in terrestrial and freshwater food webs. - Nature 408: 578-580, 2000. Go to original source...
    21. Field C., Mooney H.A.: The photosynthesis-nitrogen relation-ships in wild plants. - In: Givnish T.J. (ed.): On the Economy of Plant Form and Function. Pp. 25-55. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 1986.
    22. Flexas J., Bota J., Loreto F. et al.: Diffusive and metabolic limitations to photosynthesis under drought and salinity in C3 plants. - Plant Biol. 6: 269-279, 2004. Go to original source...
    23. Fu Y., Jiang L., Zhao W. et al.: Immunomodulatory and anti-oxidant effects of total flavonoids of Spatholobus suberectus Dunn on PCV2 infected mice. - Sci. Rep.-UK 7: 8676, 2017. Go to original source...
    24. Gago J., Martínez-Núñez L., Landín M. et al.: Modeling the effects of light and sucrose on in vitro propagated plants: A multiscale system analysis using artificial intelligence technology. - PLoS ONE 9: e85989, 2014. Go to original source...
    25. Güsewell S., Koerselman W., Verhoeven J.T.A.: Biomass N:P ratios as indicators of nutrient limitation for plant populations in wetlands. - Ecol. Appl. 13: 372-384, 2003. Go to original source...
    26. Hassan I.A., Zeid H.M.A., Taia W. et al.: Fertilization regimes under hot conditions alter photosynthetic response of bean plants. - Photosynthetica 53: 157-160, 2015. Go to original source...
    27. He Z.S., Cai Z.Q., Cai C.T.: [Effect of water and nitrogen on photosynthetic characteristics and growth of Rauvolfia vomi-toria.] - Chin. J. Eco-Agr. 18: 758-764, 2010. [In Chinese]
    28. Hepworth C., Doheny-Adams T., Hunt L. et al.: Manipulating stomatal density enhances drought tolerance without deleterious effect on nutrient uptake. - New Phytol. 208: 336-341, 2015. Go to original source...
    29. Hoang D.T., Hiroo T., Yoshinobu K.: Nitrogen use efficiency and drought tolerant ability of various sugarcane varieties under drought stress at early growth stage. - Plant Prod. Sci. 22: 250-261, 2019. Go to original source...
    30. Isarangkool Na Ayutthaya S., Do F.C., Pannangpetch K. et al.: Water loss regulation in mature Hevea brasiliensis: Effects of intermittent drought in the rainy season and hydraulic regulation. - Tree Physiol. 31: 751-762, 2011. Go to original source...
    31. Kirda C., Danso S.K.A., Zapata F.: Temporal water stress effects on nodulation, nitrogen accumulation and growth of soybean. -Plant Soil 120: 49-55, 1989. Go to original source...
    32. Lee B.J., Jo I.Y., Bu Y. et al.: Antiplatelet effects of Spatholobus suberectus via inhibition of the glycoprotein IIb/IIIa receptor. - J. Ethnopharmacol. 134: 460-467, 2011. Go to original source...
    33. Li M.M.: [Investigation on wild resources of Spatholobus suberectus Dunn and correlation analysis and research between natural ecological factors and its quality.] Master Thesis. Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 2017. [In Chinese]
    34. Li W.T., Liu J., Guan R.G. et al.: Chemical characterization of procyanidins from Spatholobus suberectus and their anti-oxidative and anticancer activities. - J. Funct. Food. 12: 468-477, 2015. Go to original source...
    35. Liu P., Wang D.X., Chen R.Y. et al.: Effect of catechin on bone marrow cell cycle and gene expression of hematopoietic growth factors. - Acta Pharm. Sin. 39: 424-428, 2004. [In Chinese]
    36. Liu Z.M., Shan L., Deng X.P. et al.: Effects of fertilizer and plant density on the yields, root system and water use of spring wheat. - Res. Soil Water Conserv. 5: 70-75, 1998. [In Chinese]
    37. Long W.X., Zang R.G., Schamp B.S., Ding Y.: Within- and among-species variation in specific leaf area drive community assembly in a tropical cloud forest. - Oecologia 167: 1103-1113, 2011. Go to original source...
    38. Lu M., Chen M., Song J. et al.: Anatomy and transcriptome analysis in leaves revealed how nitrogen (N) availability influence drought acclimation of Populus. - Trees 33: 1003-1014, 2019. Go to original source...
    39. McGroddy M.E., Daufresne T., Hedin L.O.: Scaling of C:N:P stoichiometry in forests worldwide: Implications of terrestrial Redfield-type ratios. - Ecology 85: 2390-2401, 2004. Go to original source...
    40. Meziane D., Shipley B.: Interacting determinants of specific leaf area in 22 herbaceous species: effects of irradiance and nutrient availability. - Plant Cell Environ. 22: 447-459, 1999. Go to original source...
    41. Molla M.S.H., Nakasathien S., Ali M.A. et al.: Influence of nitrogen application on dry biomass allocation and translocation in two maize varieties under short pre-anthesis and prolonged bracketing flowering periods of drought. - Arch. Agron. Soil Sci. 65: 928-944, 2019. Go to original source...
    42. Morison J.I., Baker N.R., Mullineaux P.M., Davies W.J: Improving water use in crop production. - Philos. T. Roy. Soc. B 363: 639-658, 2007.
    43. Nadal M., Flexas J.: Variation in photosynthetic characteristics with growth form in a water-limited scenario: Implications for assimilation rates and water use efficiency in crops. - Agr. Water Manage. 216: 457-472, 2019. Go to original source...
    44. Nobel P.S., Walker D.B.: Structure of leaf photosynthetic tissue. - In: Barber J., Baker N.P.R. (ed.): Photosynthetic Mechanisms and the Environment. Pp. 502-536. Elsevier, London 1985.
    45. Ögren E.: Suboptimal nitrogen status sensitizes the photosynthetic apparatus in willow leaves to long term but not short term water stress. - Photosynth. Res. 18: 263-275, 1988. Go to original source...
    46. Osaki M., Iyoda M., Tadano T.: Productivity of maize related to the contents of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase, phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase, and chloro-phyll. - Soil Sci. Plant Nutr. 41: 275-283, 1995. Go to original source...
    47. [Redlist of China's Biodiversity: Higher Plants Volume.] Pp. 313. Ministry of Ecology and Environment of the People's Republic of China, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 2013. [In Chinese]
    48. Ripullone F., Grassi G., Lauteri M., Borghetti M.: Photosynthesis-nitrogen relationships: interpretation of different patterns between Pseudotsuga menziesii and Populus × euroamericana in a mini-stand experiment. - Tree Physiol. 23: 137-144, 2003. Go to original source...
    49. Saito A., Tanabata S., Tanabata T. et al.: Effect of nitrate on nodule and root growth of soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.). -Int. J. Mol. Sci. 15: 4464-4480, 2014. Go to original source...
    50. Shangguan Z.P., Shao M.A., Dyckmans J.: Nitrogen nutrition and water stress effects on leaf photosynthetic gas exchange and water use efficiency in winter wheat. - Environ. Exp. Bot. 44: 141-149, 2000. Go to original source...
    51. Sorin C., Leport L., Cambert M. et al.: Nitrogen deficiency impacts on leaf cell and tissue structure with consequences for senescence associated processes in Brassica napus. - Bot. Stud. 57: 11, 2016. Go to original source...
    52. Sprent J.I.: Effects of water stress on nitrogen fixation in root nodules. - Plant Soil 35: 225-228, 1971. Go to original source...
    53. Tesha A.J., Kumar D.: Effect of fertilizer nitrogen on drought resistance in Coffea arabica L. - J. Agr. Sci. 90: 625-631, 1978. Go to original source...
    54. Tripler C., Canham C., Inouye R., Schnurr J.: Soil nitrogen availability, plant luxury consumption, and herbivory by white-tailed deer. - Oecologia 133: 517-524, 2002. Go to original source...
    55. Wang Z.Y., Wang D.M., Loo T.Y. et al.: Spatholobus suberectus inhibits cancer cell growth by inducing apoptosis and arresting cell cycle at G2/M checkpoint. - J. Ethnopharmacol. 133: 751-758, 2011. Go to original source...
    56. Waraich E.A., Ahmad R., Ashraf M.Y. et al.: Improving agricultural water use efficiency by nutrient management in crop plants. - Acta Agr. Scand. B-S. P. 61: 291-304, 2011.
    57. Yousefzadeh Najafabadi M., Ehsanzadeh P.: Photosynthetic and antioxidative upregulations in drought-stressed sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) subjected to foliar-applied salicylic acid. - Photosynthetica 55: 611-622, 2017. Go to original source...
    58. Zhao W.Y., Xu S., Li J.L. et al.: Effects of foliar application of nitrogen on the photosynthetic performance and growth of two fescue cultivars under heat stress. - Biol. Plantarum 52: 113-116, 2008. Go to original source...
    59. Zhu Z.B., Lian Z.S., Wang W.L., Zhou M.: [Effects of nitrogen and phosphorous on the drought resistance of Bupleurum chinense.] - Agr. Res. Arid Areas 2: 95-99, 2005. [In Chinese]

    Return to the content