Photosynthetica, 2010 (vol. 48), issue 2

Photosynthetica 2010, 48(2):161-172 | DOI: 10.1007/s11099-010-0022-7

Effect of ultraviolet-B radiation on growth, photosynthetic pigments, and cell biology of Kappaphycus alvarezii (Rhodophyta, Gigartinales) macroalgae brown strain

É. C. Schmidt1,*, B. G. Nunes2, M. Maraschin3, Z. L. Bouzon1,4
1 Department of Cell Biology, Embryology and Genetics, Federal University of Santa Catarina, SC Florianópolis, Brazil
2 Department of Aquaculture, Federal University of Santa Catarina, SC Florianópolis, Brazil
3 Plant Morphogenesis and Biochemistry Laboratory, Federal University of Santa Catarina, SC Florianópolis, Brazil
4 Central Laboratory of Electron Microscopy, Federal University of Santa Catarina, SC Florianópolis, Brazil

Kappaphycus alvarezii is a seaweed of great economic importance for the extraction of kappa carrageenan from its cell walls. The most common strains are dark red, brown, yellow, and different gradations of green. It is known that ultraviolet radiation (UVR) affects macroalgae in many important ways, including reduced growth rate, reduction of primary productivity, and changes in cell biology and ultrastructure. Therefore, we examined the brown strain of K. alvarezii exposed to ultraviolet-B radiaton (UVBR) for 3 h per day during 28 days of cultivation. The control plants showed growth rates of 7.27% d-1, while plants exposed to UVBR grew only 4.0% d-1. Significant differences in growth rates and in phycobiliproteins between control and exposed plants were also found. Compared with control plants, phycobiliprotein contents were observed to decrease after UV-B exposure. Furthermore, the chlorophyll a (Chl a) contents decreased and showed significant differences. UVBR also caused changes in the ultrastructure of cortical and subcortical cells, which included increased thickness of the cell wall and number of plastoglobuli, reduced intracellular spaces, changes in the cell contour, and destruction of chloroplast internal organization. Reaction with Toluidine Blue showed an increase in the thickness of the cell wall, and Periodic Acid-Schiff stain showed a decrease in the number of starch grains. By the significant changes in growth rates, photosynthetic contents and ultrastructual changes observed, it is clear that UVBR negatively affects intertidal macroalgae and, by extension, their economic viability.

Keywords: brown strain of Kappaphycus alvarezii; chloroplast; growth rates; photosynthetic pigments; ultrastructure; ultraviolet-B radiation

Received: October 19, 2009; Accepted: February 6, 2010; Published: June 1, 2010Show citation

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Schmidt, É.C., Nunes, B.G., Maraschin, M., & Bouzon, Z.L. (2010). Effect of ultraviolet-B radiation on growth, photosynthetic pigments, and cell biology of Kappaphycus alvarezii (Rhodophyta, Gigartinales) macroalgae brown strain. Photosynthetica, 48(2), 161-172. doi: 10.1007/s11099-010-0022-7.
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