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ISSN 2070-7401 (Print), ISSN 2411-0280 (Online)
Sovremennye problemy distantsionnogo zondirovaniya Zemli iz kosmosa
CURRENT PROBLEMS IN REMOTE SENSING OF THE EARTH FROM SPACE

  

Sovremennye problemy distantsionnogo zondirovaniya Zemli iz kosmosa, 2019, Vol. 16, No. 5, pp. 336-347

Longitudinal variations of geomagnetic and ionospheric parameters during severe magnetic storms in 2015

M.A. Chernigovskaya 1 , B.G. Shpynev 1 , D.S. Khabituev 1 , K.G. Ratovsky 1 , A.Yu. Belinskaya 2 , A.E. Stepanov 3 , V.V. Bychkov 4 , S.A. Grigorieva 5 , V.A. Panchenko 6 , D. Kouba 7 , J. Mielich 8 
1 Institute of Solar-Terrestrial Physics SB RAS, Irkutsk, Russia
2 A.A. Trofimuk Institute of Petroleum Geology and Geophysics SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia
3 Institute of Cosmophysical Research and Aeronomy SB RAS, Yakutsk, Russia
4 Institute of Cosmophysical Researches and Radio Wave Propagation FEB RAS, Paratunka, Russia
5 Institute of Geophysics UB RAS, Ekaterinburg, Russia
6 N.V. Pushkov Institute of Terrestrial Magnetizm, Ionosphere and Radio Wave Propagation RAS, Moscow, Russia
7 Institute of Atmospheric Physics CAS, Prague, Czech Republic
8 Leibniz Institute for Atmospheric Physics, Kühlungsborn, Germany
Accepted: 04.09.2019
DOI: 10.21046/2070-7401-2019-16-5-336-347
We study the ionospheric effects of geomagnetic storms on the basis of analysis of longitudinal-temporal variations of geomagnetic and ionospheric parameters during two severe magnetic storms of the current 24th solar activity cycle, in March and June 2015. To study the variations of the geomagnetic field, the data of the global network of magnetometers INTERMAGNET in the Northern hemisphere were used. New interesting results are obtained on the irregular structure of the longitudinal variability of the geomagnetic field components in quiet conditions due to the discrepancy between the North geographical and geomagnetic poles, as well as the presence of anomalies of different spatial scales in the background magnetic field of the Earth. The longitudinal-temporal variations of the geomagnetic field components under disturbed conditions also show a strong dependence on the individual features of the magnetic storms. The longitudinal-temporal variations of the parameters of the mid-latitude ionosphere over the Eurasian continent were studied on the basis of the ionosonde chain data on the case study of the development of two severe magnetic storms in 2015. The presence of longitudinal features of the background structure and variations of the geomagnetic field leads to the fact that the registered ionospheric effects also exhibit a significant longitudinal inhomogeneity. We assume that the ionospheric response to magnetic storms is associated with disturbances in the lower thermosphere due to the strengthening of the auroral electrojet, leading to an increase in the neutral wind velocity and turbulence. This, in turn, causes the uplift the molecular gas to the ionospheric heights and reduces the electron concentration in the upper ionosphere.
Keywords: ionosonde chain, ionospheric disturbances, geomagnetic field variations,geomagnetic storm
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