Photosynthetica, 2019 (vol. 57), issue 4

Photosynthetica 2019, 57(4):1109-1118 | DOI: 10.32615/ps.2019.130

Non-a chlorophylls in cyanobacteria

S.G. AVERINA, N.V. VELICHKO, A.A. PINEVICH, E.V. SENATSKAYA, A.V. PINEVICH
Department of Microbiology, St. Petersburg State University, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia

In cyanobacteria and chloroplasts, chlorophyll a (Chl a) is not always the single type of Chl used in oxygenic photosynthesis. Rather, there is a series of non-a Chls, namely, b-type Chls, c-type Chls, Chl d, and Chl f. Plenty of reviews published over the past decades commented on these Chls in chloroplasts while only few analogously dealt with cyanobacteria. The review article takes an effort to span the gap. Cyanobacterial b-type and c-type Chls are exclusively antenna pigments; they absorb near-red and blue light, respectively, and facilitate waste-less energy input to reaction centers. Chl d and possibly Chl f partake in both antennae and reaction centers; they empower constitutive usage of far-red light or participate in the adaptive mechanism of far-red light photoacclimation.

Keywords: absorption spectrum; CBP protein; photoadaptation; photosynthetic apparatus; phycobilisome; primary donor.

Received: March 1, 2019; Accepted: September 20, 2019; Prepublished online: October 7, 2019; Published: November 1, 2019Show citation

ACS AIP APA ASA Harvard Chicago IEEE ISO690 MLA NLM Turabian Vancouver
AVERINA, S.G., VELICHKO, N.V., PINEVICH, A.A., SENATSKAYA, E.V., & PINEVICH, A.V. (2019). Non-a chlorophylls in cyanobacteria. Photosynthetica57(4), 1109-1118. doi: 10.32615/ps.2019.130.
Download citation

References

  1. Airs R.L., Temperton B., Sambles C. et al.: Chlorophyll f and chlorophyll d are produced in the cyanobacterium Chlorogloeopsis fritschii when cultured under natural light and near-infrared radiation. - FEBS Lett. 588: 3770-3777, 2014. Go to original source...
  2. Akutsu S., Fujinuma D., Furukawa H. et al.: Pigment analysis of a chlorophyll f-containing cyanobacterium strain KC1 isolated from Lake Biwa. - Photomed. Photobiol. 33: 35-40, 2011.
  3. Allakhverdiev S.I., Kreslavski V.D., Zharmukhamedov S.K. et al.: Chlorophylls d and f and their role in primary photosynthetic processes of cyanobacteria. - Biochemistry-Moscow+ 81: 201-212, 2016. Go to original source...
  4. Allen J.F.: Protein phosphorylation in regulation of photo-synthesis. - BBA-Bioenergetics 1098: 275-335, 1992. Go to original source...
  5. Averina S., Velichko N., Senatskaya E., Pinevich A.: Far-red photoadaptations in aquatic cyanobacteria. - Hydrobiologia 813: 1-17, 2018. Go to original source...
  6. Bauer C.E., Bollivar D.W., Suzuki J.Y.: Genetic analyses of photopigment biosynthesis in eubacteria: a guiding light for algae and plants. - J. Bacteriol. 175: 3919-3925, 1993. Go to original source...
  7. Behrendt L., Brejnrod A., Schliep M. et al.: Chlorophyll f-driven photosynthesis in a cavernous cyanobacterium. - ISME J. 9: 2108-2111, 2015. Go to original source...
  8. Behrendt L., Larkum A.W.D., Norman A. et al.: Endolithic chlorophyll d-containing phototrophs. - ISME J. 5: 1072-1076, 2011. Go to original source...
  9. Behrendt L., Nielsen J.L., Sørensen S.J. et al.: Rapid TaqMan-based quantification of chlorophyll d-containing cyanobacteria in the genus Acaryochloris. - Appl. Environ. Microb. 80: 3244-3249, 2014. Go to original source...
  10. Behrendt L., Staal M., Cristescu S.M. et al.: Reactive oxygen production induced by near-infrared radiation in three strains of the Chl d-containing cyanobacterium Acaryochloris marina. - F1000Res. 2: 44, 2013. Go to original source...
  11. Bibby T.S., Mary I., Nield J. et al.: Low-light-adapted Prochlorococcus species possess specific antennae for each photosystem. - Nature 424: 1051-1054, 2003b. Go to original source...
  12. Bibby T.S., Nield J., Barber J.: A рhotosystem II-like protein, induced under iron-stress, forms an antenna ring around рhotosystem I trimer in cyanobacteria. - Nature 412: 743-745, 2001. Go to original source...
  13. Bibby T.S., Nield J., Chen M. et al.: Structure of a photosystem II supercomplex isolated from Prochloron didemni retaining its chlorophyll a/b light-harvesting system. - P. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 100: 9050-9054, 2003a. Go to original source...
  14. Biller S.J., Berube P.M., Lindell D., Chisholm S.W.: Prochlorococcus: the structure and function of collective diversity. - Nat. Rev. Microbiol. 13: 13-27, 2015. Go to original source...
  15. Blankenship R.E., Chen M.: Spectral expansion and antenna reduction can enhance photosynthesis for energy production. -Curr. Opin. Chem. Biol. 17: 457-461, 2013. Go to original source...
  16. Boichenko V.A., Pinevich A.V., Stadnichuk I.N.: Association of chlorophyll a/b-binding Pcb proteins with photosystems I and II in Prochlorothrix hollandica. - BBA-Bioenergetics 1767: 801-806, 2007. Go to original source...
  17. Burger-Wiersma T., Stal L., Mur L.R.: Prochlorothrix hollandica gen. nov., sp. nov., a filamentous oxygenic photoautotrophic prokaryote containing chlorophylls a and b: Assignment to Prochlorotrichaceae fam. nov. and order Prochlorotrichales Florenzano, Balloni, and Materassi 1986, with emendation of the ordinal description. - Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 39: 250-257, 1989. Go to original source...
  18. Burnap R.L., Troyan T., Sherman L.A.: The highly abundant chlorophyll-protein complex of iron-deficient Synechococcus sp. PCC7942 (CP43') is encoded by the isiA gene. - Plant Physiol. 103: 893-902, 1993. Go to original source...
  19. Cardona T., Murray J.W., Rutherford A.W.: Origin and evolution of water oxidation before the last common ancestor of the сyanobacteria. - Mol. Biol. Evol. 32: 1310-1328, 2015. Go to original source...
  20. Chen M.: Chlorophyll modifications and their spectral extension in oxygenic photosynthesis. - Annu. Rev. Biochem. 83: 317-340, 2014. Go to original source...
  21. Chen M., Bibby T.S., Nield J. et al.: Iron deficiency induces a chlorophyll d-binding Pcb antenna system around photosystem I in Acaryochloris marina. - BBA-Bioenergetics 1708: 367-374, 2005a. Go to original source...
  22. Chen M., Bibby T.S., Nield J. et al.: Structure of a large photosystem II supercomplex from Acaryochloris marina. - FEBS Lett. 579: 1306-1310, 2005b. Go to original source...
  23. Chen M., Blankenship R.E.: Expanding the solar spectrum used by photosynthesis. - Cell 16: 427-431, 2011.
  24. Chen M., Floetenmeyer M., Bibby T.: Supramolecular organiza-tion of phycobiliproteins in the chlorophyll d-containing cyanobacterium Acaryochloris marina. - FEBS Lett. 583: 2535-2539, 2009. Go to original source...
  25. Chen M., Hiller R.G., Howe C.J. et al.: Unique origin and lateral transfer of prokaryotic chlorophyll-b and chlorophyll-d light-harvesting systems. - Mol. Biol. Evol. 22: 21-28, 2005c. Go to original source...
  26. Chen M., Li Y., Birch D. et al.: A cyanobacterium that contains chlorophyll f - a red-absorbing photopigment. - FEBS Lett. 6: 3249-3254, 2012. Go to original source...
  27. Chen M., Schliep M., Willows R.D. et al.: A red-shifted chlorophyll. - Science 329: 1318-1319, 2010. Go to original source...
  28. Chen M., Telfer A., Lin S. et al.: The nature of the photosystem II reaction centre in the chlorophyll d-containing prokaryote, Acaryochloris marina. - Photoch. Photobio. Sci. 4: 1060-1064, 2005d. Go to original source...
  29. Chen M.A., Zhang Y., Blankenship R.E.: Nomenclature for mem-brane bound light harvesting complexes of cyanobacteria. -Photosynth. Res. 95: 147-154, 2008. Go to original source...
  30. Chisholm S.W., Olson R.J., Zettler E.R. et al.: A novel free-living prochlorophyte abundant in the oceanic euphotic zone. -Nature 334: 340-343, 1988. Go to original source...
  31. Coleman M.L., Chisholm S.W.: Code and context: Prochloro-coccus as a model for cross-scale biology. - Trends Microbiol. 15: 398-407, 2007. Go to original source...
  32. de los Ríos A., Grube M., Sancho L.G., Ascaso C.: Ultrastructural and genetic characteristics of endolithic cyanobacterial biofilms colonizing Antarctic granite rocks. - FEMS Microbiol. Ecol. 59: 386-395, 2007. Go to original source...
  33. Dekker J.P., Boekema E.J.: Supramolecular organization of thylakoid membrane proteins in green plants. - BBA-Bioenergetics 1706: 12-39, 2005. Go to original source...
  34. Fleming E.D., Prufert-Bebout L.: Characterization of cyano-bacterial communities form high-elevation lakes in the Bolivian Andes. - J. Geophys. Res. 15: G00D07, 2010. Go to original source...
  35. Fleming G.R., Schlau-Cohen G.S., Amarnath K., Zaks J.: Design principles of photosynthetic light-harvesting. - Faraday Discuss. 155: 27-41, 2012. Go to original source...
  36. Gan F., Bryant D.A.: Adaptive and acclimative responses of cyanobacteria to far-red light. - Environ. Microbiol. 17: 3450-3465, 2015. Go to original source...
  37. Gan F., Shen G., Bryant D.A.: Occurrence of far-red light photoacclimation (FaRLiP) in diverse cyanobacteria. - Life (Basel) 5: 4-24, 2015. Go to original source...
  38. Gan F., Zhang S., Rockwell N.C. et al.: Extensive remodeling of a cyanobacterial photosynthetic apparatus in far-red light. -Science 345: 1312-1317, 2014. Go to original source...
  39. Garczarek L., Hess W.R., Holzendorff J. et al.: Multiplication of antenna genes as a major adaptation to low light in a marine prokaryote. - P. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 97: 4098-4101, 2000. Go to original source...
  40. Goericke R., Repeta D.J.: The pigments of Prochlorococcus marinus: the presence of divinyl chlorophyll a and b in a marine prochlorophyte. - Limnol. Oceanogr. 37: 425-433, 1992.
  41. Green B.R., Durnford D.G.: The chlorophyll-carotenoid proteins of oxygenic photosynthesis. - Annu. Rev. Plant Phys. 47: 685-714, 1996. Go to original source...
  42. Grossman A.R., Schaefer M.R., Chiang G.G. et al.: The phycobilisome, a light-harvesting complex responsive to environmental conditions. - Microbiol. Rev. 57: 725-749, 1993. Go to original source...
  43. Helfrich M., Ross A., King G.C. et al.: Identification of [8-vinyl]-protochlorophyllide a in phototrophic prokaryotes and algae: chemical and spectroscopic properties. - BBA- Bioenergetics 1410: 262-272, 1999. Go to original source...
  44. Herbstová M., Litvín R., Gardian Z. et al.: Localization of Pcb antenna complexes in the photosynthetic prokaryote Prochlorothrix hollandica. - BBA-Bioenergetics 1797: 89-97, 2010. Go to original source...
  45. Ho M.-Y., Gan F., Shen G. et al.: Far-red light photoacclimation (FaRLiP) in Synechococcus sp. PCC 7335: I. Regulation of FaRLiP gene expression. - Photosynth. Res. 131: 173-186, 2016b.
  46. Ho M.-Y., Shen G., Canniffe D.P. et al.: Light-dependent chlorophyll f synthase is a highly divergent paralog of PsbA of photosystem II. - Science 353: 886-887, 2016a. Go to original source...
  47. Hu Q., Marquardt J., Iwasaki I. et al.: Molecular structure, localization and function of biliproteins in the chlorophyll a/d containing oxygenic photosynthetic prokaryote Acaryochloris marina. - BBA-Bioenergetics 1412: 250-261, 1999. Go to original source...
  48. Hu Q., Miyashita H., Iwasaki I. et al.: A photosystem I reaction center driven by chlorophyll d in oxygenic photosynthesis. - P. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 95: 13319-13323, 1998. Go to original source...
  49. Hunter C.N., van Grondelle R., Olsen J.D.: Photosynthetic antenna proteins: 100 ps before photochemistry starts. - Trends Biochem. Sci. 14: 72-76, 1989. Go to original source...
  50. Itoh S., Mino H., Itoh K. et al.: Function of chlorophyll d in reaction centers of photosystems I and II of the oxygenic photosynthesis of Acaryochloris marina. - Biochemistry 46: 12473-12481, 2007. Go to original source...
  51. Itoh S., Ohno T., Noji T. et al.: Harvesting far-red light by chlorophyll f in photosystems I and II of unicellular cyanobacterium strain KC1. - Plant Cell Physiol. 56: 2024-2034, 2015. Go to original source...
  52. Jeffrey S.W., Mantoura R.F.C., Wright S.W. (ed.): Phytoplankton Pigments in Oceanography: Guidelines to Modern Methods. Pp. 661. UNESCO Publ., Paris 1997.
  53. Keeling P.J.: Diversity and evolutionary history of plastids and their hosts. - Am. J. Bot. 91: 1481-1493, 2004. Go to original source...
  54. Kobayashi M., Akutsu S., Fujinuma D. et al.: Physicochemical properties of chlorophylls in oxygenic photosynthesis - Succession of co-factors from anoxygenic to oxygenic photosynthesis. - In: Dubinsky Z. (ed.): Photosynthesis. Pp. 47-90. Intech, Croatia 2013. Go to original source...
  55. Komatsu H., Wada K., Kanjoh T. et al.: Unique chlorophylls in picoplankton Prochlorococcus sp.: Physicochemical properties of divinyl chlorophylls, and the discovery of monovinyl chlorophyll b as well as divinyl chlorophyll b in the species Prochlorococcus NIES-2086. - Photosynth. Res. 130: 445-467, 2016. Go to original source...
  56. Kondo T., Chen W.J., Schlau-Cohen G.S.: Single-molecule fluorescence spectroscopy of photosynthetic systems. - Chem. Rev. 117: 860-898, 2017. Go to original source...
  57. Kühl M., Chen M., Ralph P.J. et al.: A niche for cyanobacteria containing chlorophyll d. - Nature 433: 820, 2005. Go to original source...
  58. La Roche J., van der Staay G.W.M., Partensky F. et al.: Independent evolution of the prochlorophyte and green plant chlorophyll a/b light-harvesting proteins. - P. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 93: 15244-15248, 1996. Go to original source...
  59. Larkum A.W.D., Chen M., Li Y. et al.: A novel epiphytic chlorophyll d-containing cyanobacterium isolated from mangrove-associated red alga. - J. Phycol. 48: 1320-1327, 2012. Go to original source...
  60. Larkum A.W.D., Ritchie R.J., Raven J.A.: Living off the Sun: chlorophylls, bacteriochlorophylls and rhodopsins. - Photosynthetica 56: 11-43, 2018. Go to original source...
  61. Larkum A.W.D., Scaramuzzi C., Cox G.C. et al.: Light-harvesting chlorophyll c-like pigment in Prochloron. - P. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 91: 679-683, 1994. Go to original source...
  62. Lewin R.A.: A marine Synechocystis (Cyanophyta, Chroo-coccales) epizoic on ascidians. - Phycologia 14: 153-160, 1975. Go to original source...
  63. Li Y., Scales N., Blankenship R.E. et al.: Extinction coefficient for red-shifted chlorophylls: chlorophyll d and chlorophyll f. - BBA-Bioenergetics 1817: 1292-1298, 2012.
  64. Lin Y., Crossett B., Chen M.: Effects of anaerobic conditions on photosynthetic units of Acaryochloris marina. - In: Kuang T., Lu C., Zhang L. (ed.): Photosynthesis Research for Food, Fuel and Future. 15th International Conference on Photosynthesis. Pp. 121-124. Springer Verlag, Berlin-Heidelberg 2013a. Go to original source...
  65. Lin Y., Larkum A., Schliep M. et al.: Newly isolated Chl d-containing cyanobacteria. - In: Kuang T., Lu C., Zhang L. (ed.): Photosynthesis Research for Food, Fuel and Future. 15th International Conference on Photosynthesis. Pp. 686-690. Springer Verlag, Berlin-Heidelberg 2013b. Go to original source...
  66. López-Legentil S., Song B., Bosch M. et al.: Cyanobacterial diversity and a new Acaryochloris-like symbiont from Bahamian sea-squirts. - PLoS ONE 6: e23938, 2011. Go to original source...
  67. Loughlin P., Lin Y., Chen M.: Chlorophyll d and Acaryochloris marina: current status. - Photosynth. Res. 116: 277-293, 2013. Go to original source...
  68. MacColl R.: Cyanobacterial phycobilisomes. - J. Struct. Biol. 124: 311-334, 1998. Go to original source...
  69. Martínez-García M., Koblížek M., López-Legentil S., Antón J.: Epibiosis of oxygenic phototrophs containing chlorophylls a, b, c, and d on the colonial ascidian Cystodytes dellechiajei. - Microb. Ecol. 61: 13-19, 2011. Go to original source...
  70. McNamara C.J., Perry VI T.D., Bearce K.A. et al.: Epilithic and endolithic bacterial communities in limestone from a Mayan archaeological site. - Microb. Ecol. 51: 51-64, 2006. Go to original source...
  71. Miller S.R., Augustine S., Olson T.L. et al.: Discovery of a free-living chlorophyll d-producing cyanobacterium with a hybrid proteobacterial/cyanobacterial small-subunit rRNA gene. - P. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 102: 850-855, 2005. Go to original source...
  72. Mimuro M., Akimoto S., Gotoh T. et al.: Identification of the primary electron donor in PS II of the Chl d-dominated cyanobacterium Acaryochloris marina. - FEBS Lett. 556: 95-98, 2004. Go to original source...
  73. Miyashita H., Adachi K., Kurano N. et al.: Pigment composition of a novel oxygenic photosynthetic prokaryote containing chlorophyll d as a major chlorophyll. - Plant Cell Physiol. 38: 274-281, 1997. Go to original source...
  74. Miyashita H., Ikemoto H., Kurano N. et al.: Chlorophyll d as a major pigment. - Nature 383: 402, 1996. Go to original source...
  75. Miyashita H., Ohkubo S., Komatsu H. et al.: Discovery of chlorophyll d in Acaryochloris marina and chlorophyll f in a unicellular cyanobacterium, strain KC1, isolated from Lake Biwa. - J. Phys. Chem. Biophys. 4: 4, 2014. Go to original source...
  76. Mohr R., Voβ B., Schliep M. et al.: A new chlorophyll d-containing cyanobacterium: evidence for niche adaptation in the genus Acaryochloris. - ISME J. 4: 1456-1469, 2010. Go to original source...
  77. Murakami A., Miyashita H., Iseki M. et al.: Chlorophyll d in an epiphytic cyanobacterium of red algae. - Science 303: 1633, 2004. Go to original source...
  78. Murray J.W.: Sequence variation at the oxygen evolving centre of photosystem II: a new class of 'rogue' cyanobacterial D1 proteins. - Photosynth. Res. 110: 177-184, 2012. Go to original source...
  79. Newcomb E.H., Pugh T.D.: Blue-green algae associated with ascidians of the Great Barrier Reef. - Nature 253: 533-534, 1975. Go to original source...
  80. Niedzwiedzki D.M., Liu H., Chen M. et al.: Excited state properties of chlorophyll f in organic solvents at ambient and cryogenic temperatures. - Photosynth. Res. 121: 25-34, 2014. Go to original source...
  81. Nikolaitchik O.A., Bullerjahn G.S.: Transcript analysis of the pcbABC genes encoding the antenna apoproteins in the photosynthetic prokaryote, Prochlorothrix hollandica. - FEMS Microbiol. Lett. 168: 187-194, 1998. Go to original source...
  82. Nürnberg D.J., Morton J., Santabarbara S. et al.: Photochemistry beyond the red limit in chlorophyll f-containing photo-systems. - Science 360: 1210-1213, 2018. Go to original source...
  83. Ohkubo S., Miyashita H.: Selective detection and phylogenetic diversity of Acaryochloris spp. that exist in association with didemnid ascidians and sponge. - Microbes Environ. 27: 217-225, 2012. Go to original source...
  84. Ohkubo S., Miyashita H., Murakami A. et al.: Molecular detection of epiphytic Acaryochloris spp. on marine macroalgae. - Appl. Environ. Microb. 72: 7912-7915, 2006. Go to original source...
  85. Partensky F., La Roche J., Wyman K. et al.: The divinyl-chlorophyll a/b-protein complexes of two strains of the oxyphototrophic marine prokaryote Prochlorococcus: charac-terization and response to changes in growth irradiance. - Photosynth. Res. 51: 209-222, 1997. Go to original source...
  86. Partensky F., Six C., Ratin M. et al.: A novel species of the marine cyanobacterium Acaryochloris with a unique pigment content and lifestyle. - Sci. Rep.-UK 8: 9142, 2018. Go to original source...
  87. Petrášek Z., Schmitt F.-J., Theiss C. et al.: Excitation energy transfer from phycobiliprotein to chlorophyll d in intact cells of Acaryochloris marina studied by time- and wavelength-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy. - Photoch. Photobio. Sci. 4: 1016-1022, 2005. Go to original source...
  88. Pinevich A., Velichko N., Ivanikova N.: Cyanobacteria of the genus Prochlorothrix. - Front. Microbiol. 3: 173, 2012. Go to original source...
  89. Renger T., Schlodder E.: The primary electron donor of Photosystem II of the cyanobacterium Acaryochloris marina is a chlorophyll d and the water oxidation is driven by a chlorophyll a/chlorophyll d heterodimer. - J. Phys. Chem. B 112: 7351-7354, 2008. Go to original source...
  90. Schiller H., Senger H., Miyashita H. et al: Light-harvesting in Acaryochloris marina - spectroscopic characterization of a chlorophyll d-dominated photosynthetic antenna system. - FEBS Lett. 30: 433-436, 1997. Go to original source...
  91. Schliep M., Cavigliasso G., Quinnell R.G. et al.: Formyl group modification of chlorophyll a: a major evolutionary mechanism in oxygenic photosynthesis. - Plant Cell Environ. 36: 521-527, 2013. Go to original source...
  92. Schliep M., Crossett B., Willows R.D. et al.: 18O labeling of chlorophyll d in Acaryochloris marina reveals that chlorophyll a and molecular oxygen are precursors. - J. Biol. Chem. 285: 28450-28456, 2010. Go to original source...
  93. Schmitt F.J., Campbell Z.Y., Bui M.V. et al.: Photosynthesis supported by a chlorophyll f-dependent, entropy-driven uphill energy transfer in Halomicronema hongdechloris cells adapted to far-red light. - Photosynth. Res. 139: 185-201, 2019. Go to original source...
  94. Swenberg C.E., Dominijanni R., Geacintov N.E.: Effects of pigment heterogeneity on fluorescence in photosynthetic units. - Photochem. Photobiol. 24: 601-604, 1976. Go to original source...
  95. Swingley W.D., Hohmann-Marriott M.F., Olson T.L. et al.: Effect of iron on growth and ultrastructure of Acaryochloris marina. - Appl. Environ. Microb. 71: 8606-8610, 2005. Go to original source...
  96. Tanaka A., Ito H., Tanaka R. et al.: Chlorophyll a oxygenase (CAO) is involved in chlorophyll b formation from chloro-phyll a. - P. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 95: 12719-12723, 1998. Go to original source...
  97. Tomitani A., Okada K., Miyashita H. et al.: Chlorophyll b and phycobilins in the common ancestor of cyanobacteria and chloroplasts. - Nature 400: 159-162, 1999. Go to original source...
  98. Tomo T., Okubo T., Akimoto S. et al.: Identification of the special pair of photosystem II in a chlorophyll d dominated cyanobacterium. - P. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 104: 7283-7288, 2007. Go to original source...
  99. Tomo T., Shinoda T., Chen M. et al.: Energy transfer processes in chlorophyll f-containing cyanobacteria using time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy on intact cells. - BBA-Bioenergetics 1837: 1484-1489, 2014.
  100. Trampe E., Kühl M.: Chlorophyll f distribution and dynamics in cyanobacterial beachrock biofilms. - J. Phycol. 52: 990-996, 2016. Go to original source...
  101. van der Staay G.W.M., Staehelin L.A.: Biochemical charac-terization of protein composition and protein phosphorylation patterns in stacked and unstacked thylakoid membranes of the prochlorophyte Prochlorothrix hollandica. - J. Biol. Chem. 269: 24834-24844, 1994.
  102. van der Staay G.W.M., Yurkova N., Green B.R.: The 38 kDa chlorophyll a/b protein of the prokaryote Prochlorothrix hollandica is encoded by a divergent pcb gene. - Plant Mol. Biol. 36: 709-716, 1998. Go to original source...
  103. Velichko N.V., Timofeyeva A.S., Gavrilova O.V. et al.: Polyphasic emended description of the filamentous prochlorophyte Prochlorothrix scandica Skulberg 2008. - Algol. Stud. 141: 11-27, 2012. Go to original source...
  104. Wolf B.M., Niedzwiedzki D.M., Magdaong N.C.M. et al.: Characterization of a newly isolated freshwater Eustigmato-phyte alga capable of utilizing far-red light as its sole light source. - Photosynth. Res. 135: 177-189, 2018. Go to original source...
  105. Yoneda A., Wittmann B.J., King J.D. et al.: Transcriptomic analysis illuminates genes involved in chlorophyll synthesis after nitrogen starvation in Acaryochloris sp. CCMEE 5410. -Photosynth. Res. 129: 171-182, 2016. Go to original source...
  106. Zapata M., Garrido J.L., Jeffrey S.W.: Chlorophyll c pigments: current status. - In: Grimm B., Porra R., Rüdiger W. et al. (ed.): Chlorophylls and Bacteriochlorophylls: Biochemistry, Biophysics, Functions and Applications. Pp. 39-53. Springer Verlag, Dordrecht 2006. Go to original source...
  107. Zhao C., Gan F., Shen G., Bryant D.A.: RfpA, RfpB, and RfpC are the master control elements of far-red light photoacclimation (FaRLiP). - Front. Microbiol. 6: 1303, 2015. Go to original source...