biologia plantarum

Biologia plantarum 61:709-716, 2017 | DOI: 10.1007/s10535-017-0728-5

Picea asperata pioneer and fibrous roots have different physiological mechanisms in response to soil freeze-thaw in spring

C. Yin^1,*, Q. Xiao^1,2, Y. Sun^1,2, Q. Liu¹, X. Pang^1,*

¹ CAS Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization & Ecological Restoration and Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, P.R. China

² University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China

About 70 % of the total land area in the world are affected by soil freeze and thaw (FT) cycles. Root is the first organ of plant to sense soil environment and it is unclear how it copes with the soil FT. Based on the different functions of firstorder pioneer and fibrous roots in woody plants, we hypothesize that pioneer and fibrous roots respond differently. The experiment was conducted in a growth chamber using Picea asperata seedlings. We designed the FT based on field observation data. The physiological responses in fibrous and pioneer roots were examined. Fibrous roots had higher root vitality and N content, whereas pioneer roots exhibited higher total nonstructural saccharide content. The accumulation of O₂ ^- under FT treatment was similar in the two types of roots. Pioneer roots showed higher osmolyte (especially proline) content, whereas fibrous roots had higher peroxidase activity. The present study confirmed that fibrous roots have stronger metabolism ability, whereas pioneer roots are the key storage organs. FT in the temperature range from -5 to 5 °C are mild and do not cause serious injury to roots. Pioneer roots have higher tolerance to soil FT in spring than fibrous roots. The roots have different strategies to FT: fibrous roots increase the antioxidant system, whereas pioneer roots accumulate more osmolytes. Such knowledge can help us to understand how roots of woody plants cope with soil FT.

Keywords: antioxidants; nitrogen; osmotic adjustment; peroxidase; proline; root vitality; saccharides

Subjects: pioneer and fibrous roots; freeze-thaw; root vitality; malondialdehyde; ascorbic acid; peroxidase; superoxide dismutase; proline; proteins; saccharides

Species: Picea asperata

Received: July 22, 2016; Revised: January 16, 2017; Accepted: January 18, 2017; Published: December 1, 2017Show citation