Sociologický časopis / Czech Sociological Review 2011, 47(2): 207-242 | DOI: 10.13060/00380288.2011.47.2.01

Intergenerational Educational Fluidity and Its Trends in the Czech Republic between 1990 and 2009

Tomáš Katrňák, Natalie Simonová
1 Fakulta sociálních studií Masarykovy univerzity, Brno
2 Sociologický ústav AV ČR, v.v.i., Praha

The aim of the article is to identify the trend in educational fluidity in the Czech Republic between 1990 and 2009 and offer an explanation for it. The authors use a series of 28 annual surveys conducted between 1990 and 2009 in the Czech Republic and ascertaining information about the level of education of the respondent and the respondent's father. The authors analyse trends in educational fluidity from a period and birth cohort perspective. The findings show that educational fluidity did not increase in Czech society between 1990 and 2003. From 2004 to 2009 this trend changed and a slight increase in educational fluidity became evident. These changes in educational fluidity are driven by period (by institutional changes) rather than cohort effects (by cohort replacement). Period effect signifies both changes in the effect of class origin on educational attainment (class inequalities in education) and changes in the expansion of the Czech educational system. Both these period effects are presented as a part of the theory of maximally maintained inequality (MMI), which helps explain the changes in educational fluidity in the Czech Republic during the observed period.

Keywords: educational mobility, cohort analysis, educational inequality, educational research, measures of inequality.

Published: April 1, 2011Show citation

ACS AIP APA ASA Harvard Chicago IEEE ISO690 MLA NLM Turabian Vancouver
Katrňák, T., & Simonová, N. (2011). Intergenerational Educational Fluidity and Its Trends in the Czech Republic between 1990 and 2009. Sociologický časopis / Czech Sociological Review47(2), 207-242. doi: 10.13060/00380288.2011.47.2.01.
Download citation

References

  1. Blau, P. M., O. D. Duncan. 1967. The American Occupational Structure. New York, London, Sydney: John Wiley & Sons.
  2. Boguszak, M., P. Matějů, J. L. Peschar. 1990. "Family Effect on Educational Attainment in Czechoslovakia, the Netherlands and Hungary." Pp. 211-262 in J. L. Peschar (ed.). Social Reproduction in Eastern and Western Europe: Comparative Analyses on Czechoslovakia, Hungary, the Netherlands and Poland. Nijmegen: OOMO.
  3. Bowles, S., H. Gintis, M. O. Groves (eds.). 2005. Unequal Chances: Family Backgroud and Economic Success. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press.
  4. Breen, R. (ed.). 2004. Social Mobility in Europe. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  5. Breen, R., J. O. Jonsson. 2000. "Analyzing Educational Careers: A Multinominal Transition Model." American Sociological Review 65 (5): 754-772. Go to original source...
  6. Breen, R., J. O. Jonsson. 2007. "Explaining Change in Social Fluidity: Educational Equalization and Educational Expansion in Twentieth-Century Sweden." American Journal of Sociology 112 (6): 1775-1810. Go to original source...
  7. ČSÚ. 1980. Sčítání lidu, domů a bytů. Praha: Český statistický úřad.
  8. Erikson, R., J. H. Goldthorpe. 1992. The Constant Flux. A Study of Class Mobility in Industrial Societies. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
  9. Ganzeboom, H. B., P. M. De Graaf, D. J. Treiman. 1992. "A Standard International Socio-Economic Index of Occupational Status." Social Science Research 21 (1): 1-56. Go to original source...
  10. Ganzeboom, H. B. G., D. J. Treiman. 1996. "Internationally Comparable Measures of Occupational Status for the 1988 International Standard Classification of Occupations." Social Science Research 25 (3): 201-239. Go to original source...
  11. Glenn, N. D. 2005. Cohort Analysis. London: Sage. Go to original source...
  12. Goldthorpe, J. H. 2007. "Outline of a Theory of Social Mobilty." Pp. 154-185 in J. H. Goldthorpe. On Sociology. Stanford: Stanford University Press.
  13. Hanley, E., M. McKeever. 1997. "The Persistence of Educational Inequalities in State-Socialist Hungary: Trajectory Maintenance versus Counterselection." Sociology of Education 70 (1): 1-18. Go to original source...
  14. Hauser, R. M., S. L. Tsai, W. H. Sewell. 1983. "A Model of Stratification with Response Error in Social and Psychological Variables." Sociology of Education 56 (1): 20-46. Go to original source...
  15. Katrňák, T. 2009. "Kohortní analýza jako alternativa panelového výzkumu." Data a výzkum 3 (1): 53-74.
  16. Katrňák, T., P. Mareš. 2007. "Segmenty zaměstnaných a nezaměstnaných v České republice v letech 1998 až 2004." Sociologický časopis / Czech Sociological Review 43 (2): 281-303.
  17. Kreidl, M. 2000. "Změny v percepci životního úspěchu, bohatství a chudoby." Pp. 191-224 in P. Matějů, K. Vlachová (eds.). Nerovnosti, spravedlnost a politika. Česká republika 1991-1998. Praha: Sociologické nakladatelství (SLON).
  18. Lucas, S. R. 2001. "Effectively Maintained Inequality: Education Transitions, Track Mobility, and Social Background Effects." American Journal of Sociology 106 (6): 1642-1690. Go to original source...
  19. Mare, R. D. 1980. "Social Background and School Continuation Decisions." Journal of the American Statistical Association 75 (370): 295-305. Go to original source...
  20. Mare, R. D. 1981. "Change and Stability in Educational Stratification." American Sociological Review 46 (1): 72-87. Go to original source...
  21. Matějů, P. 1986. "Demokratizace vzdělání a reprodukce vzdělanostní struktury v ČSSR ve světle mobilitních dat." Sociologický časopis 17 (2): 131-152.
  22. Matějů, P. 1993. "Who Won and Who Lost in a Socialist Redistribution in Czechoslovakia?" Pp. 251-271 in Y. Shavit, H. P. Blossfeld (eds.). Persistent Inequality. Changing Educational Attainment in Thirteen Countries. Boulder, CO, Oxford: Westview Press.
  23. Mareš, P. 1999. Sociologie nerovnosti a chudoby. Praha: Sociologické nakladatelství (SLON).
  24. Matějů, P. 2000. "Subjektivní mobilita - rekonstrukce souvislostí mezi objektivním a subjektivním sociálním statusem." Pp. 37-71 in P. Matějů, K. Vlachová (eds.). Nerovnosti, spravedlnost a politika. Česká republika 1991-1998. Praha: Sociologické nakladatelství (SLON).
  25. Matějů, P., M. Kreidl. 1999. "Vývoj statusové konzistence v České republice 1991-1999." Sociologický časopis 35 (3): 269-292.
  26. Matějů, P., B. Řeháková, N. Simonová. 2007. "The Czech Republic: Structural Growth of Inequality in Access to Higher Education." Pp. 374-399 in Y. Shavit, R. Arum, A. Gamoran (eds.). Stratification in Higher Education: A Comparative Study. Stanford: Stanford University Press.
  27. Matějů, P., J. Straková, A. Veselý (eds.). 2010. Nerovnosti ve vzdělávání: Od měření k řešení Praha: Sociologické nakladatelství (SLON).
  28. OECD. 2009. "Education at a Glance 2009: OECD Indicators." [online]. Paris: OECD. Dostupné z: <http://www.oecd.org/document/24/0,3746,en_2649_39263238_43586328_1_1_1_1,00.html>.
  29. Powers, D. A., Y. Xie. 2000. Statistical Methods for Categorical Data Analysis. London: Academic Press. Go to original source...
  30. Raftery, A. E., M. Hout. 1993. "Maximally Maintained Inequality: Expansion, Reform, and Opportunity in Irish Education, 1921-75." Sociology of Education 66 (1): 41-62. Go to original source...
  31. Ryder, N. 1965. "The Cohort As a Concept in the Study of Social Change." American Sociological Review 30 (6): 843-861. Go to original source...
  32. Shavit, Y., R. Arum, A. Gamoran. 2007. Stratification in Higher Education: A Comparative Study. Stanford: Stanford University Press.
  33. Shavit, Y., H. P. Blossfeld. 1993. Persistent Inequality. Changing Educational Attainment in Thirteen Countries. Boulder, CO, San Francisco, Oxford: Westview Press.
  34. Simonová, N. 2003. "The Evolution of Educational Inequalities in the Czech Republic after 1989." British Journal of Sociology of Education 24 (4): 469-483. Go to original source...
  35. Simonová, N., T. Katrňák. 2011. "Conceptual and Methodological Innovations in the Research of Educational Inequalities." The Sociological Theory and Methods (26) 1 (v tisku).
  36. Simonová, N., P. Soukup. 2009. "Reprodukce vzdělanostních nerovností v České republice po sametové revoluci v evropském kontextu." Sociologický časopis / Czech Sociological Review 45 (5): 935-965.
  37. Sirovátka, T. 1996. "K formování dlouhodobé a opakované nezaměstnanosti v České republice." Sociologický časopis 32 (1): 39-50.
  38. Sirovátka, T. 1997. "Sociální a ekonomické faktory marginalizace na pracovním trhu." Sociologický časopis 33 (2): 169-188.
  39. Vallet, L. A. 2004. "Change in Intergenerational Class Mobility in France from the 1970s to the 1990s and its Explanation: An Analysis Following the CASMIN Approach." Pp. 115-147 in R. Breen (ed.). Social Mobility in Europe. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Go to original source...
  40. Večerník, J. 1998. Občan a tržní ekonomika: Příjmy, nerovnost a politické postoje v české společnosti. Praha: Nakladatelství Lidové noviny.
  41. Večerník, J. 2001. "Earnings Disparities in the Czech Republic: Evidence of the Past Decade and Cross-national Comparison." Prague Economic Papers 10 (3): 201-222. Go to original source...
  42. Večerník, J. 2009. Czech Society in the 2000s: A Report on Socio-Economic Policy and Structures. Praha: Academia, Pratur.
  43. Večerník, J. 2011. "Income Inequality in the Czech Republic 1988-2008: Evolution or Revolution?" (nepublikovaný rukopis).
  44. Xie, Y. 1992. "The Log-Multiplicative Layer Effect Model for Comparing Mobility Tables." American Sociological Review 57 (3): 380-395. Go to original source...

This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0), which permits use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original publication is properly cited. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.