Travinné ekosystémy jsou významnou součástí středoevropské krajiny. Polopřirozená travinná společenstva dnes tvoří v Evropě místa s vysokou biodiverzitou, jsou velmi náchylná k degradaci a k jejich efektivní ochraně je nutné znát vlivy různých typů managementu. Neodmyslitelnými obyvateli těchto ekosystémů jsou také zástupci rovnokřídlého hmyzu (Orthoptera), kteří zde hrají důležitou roli v potravní síti. Zároveň jsou vhodným indikátorem změn stanovištních podmínek, a to zejména struktury vegetace, čehož lze využít při zjišťování dopadů různých managementových opatření. Jedním z nejběžnějších a zároveň pro hmyz nejméně vhodných typů péče je dnes mechanizovaná seč. Nevhodná péče o travinné ekosystémy může ovlivňovat druhovou bohatost jak v měřítku lokálním tak i v měřítku krajiny. Snížení negativního dopadu seče ve prospěch biodiverzity lze docílit několika způsoby – např. zmírněnou intenzitou zásahu, a to posunutím nebo vynecháním první seče, nebo ponecháním neposečených ploch.
Použitá a citovaná literatura:
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Cremene, C., Groza, G., Rakosy, L., Schileyko, A. A., Baur, A., Erhardt, A., & Baur, B. 2005. Alterations of Steppe-Like Grasslands in Eastern Europe: a Threat to Regional Biodiversity Hotspots. Conservation Biology, 19(5), 1606–1618.
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Poschlod, P., & WallisDeVries, M. F. 2002. The historical and socioeconomic perspective of calcareous grass-lands—lessons from the distant and recent past. Biological Conservation, 104(3), 361–376.
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WallisDeVries, M. F., Poschlod, P., & Willems, J. H. 2002. Challenges for the conservation of calcareous grasslands in northwestern Europe: integrating the requirements of flora and fauna. Biological Conservation, 104(3), 265–273.
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Grasslands are an important part of the Central European landscape. Semi-natural grasslands are considered to be biodiversity hotspots in Europe, with high conservation value. However, they are very unstable, and for their effective conservation it is necessary to know how different management systems affect the progression of the ecosystem. Orthopterans play an important role in the food web and they are also a good indicator of changes in habitat conditions, particularly in the vegetation structure, which can be used in determining the impact of different types of conservation management. Nowadays, one of the most common and least insect-friendly type of care is mechanized hay harvesting. Improper care can affect the species richness (both, on the local and landscape scale). The negative impact of mowing can be reduced in favour of biodiversity in several ways, as described (e.g., mitigating the intensity of the process by delaying or omitting the first mowing, or leaving uncut refuges).