Biologia plantarum - Latest articles
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Recent advances and perspectives in crop biofortificationReviews
T. VLČKO, L. OHNOUTKOVÁ*
Biologia Plantarum 63: 586-593, 2019 | DOI: 10.32615/bp.2019.056
The increasing world population and limited amount of land area appropriate for intensive agriculture necessitate high-yield cultivars. The focus is on the enrichment of existing crops deficient in nutrients, which is also called biofortification. Microelements, vitamins, and fatty acids belong to most important traits being subjected to biofortification. Biofortification strategies can be divided on fertilization-based strategy, which is characterized by direct application of nutrients or plant growth promoting substances on plants, and biotechnological strategy, which involves molecular biology techniques in order to enhance transport, production,...
Effects of drought on expression patterns of genes encoding the antioxidantenzymes associated with chloroplasts in wheatOriginal Papers
S.F. DANYALI, M. MOGHADDAM VAHED, S.S. ALAVIKIA, H. SAMIZADEH LAHIJI, M. NOROUZI
Biologia Plantarum 63: 575-585, 2019 | DOI: 10.32615/bp.2019.055
Reactive oxygen species lead to cellular damage and in plants exposed to drought stress, an increasing expressions of genes encoding antioxidant enzymes play important protective roles. The aim of this study was to evaluate response of drought tolerant ('Arg' and 'Roshan') and drought sensitive ('Arta' and 'Navid') wheat cultivars to oxidative stress caused by drought. Relative water content (RWC), water loss rate (WLR), free proline content, malondialdehyde (MDA) accumulation, and peroxidase (POX) activity were measured after 2, 4, 6, and 8 h of dehydration. The tolerant cultivars had a higher RWC and lower MDA, proline content, POX activity and WLR...
Comparative analysis of complete chloroplast genomes sequencesof Arctium lappa and A. tomentosumOriginal Papers
Y.-P. XING, L. XU, S.-Y. CHEN, Y.-M. LIANG, J.-H. WANG, C.-S. LIU, T. LIU, T.-G. KANG
Biologia Plantarum 63: 565-574, 2019 | DOI: 10.32615/bp.2019.101
Arctium lappa and A. tomentosum are known medicinal plants in China. The complete chloroplast genomes from A. lappa and A. tomentosum were sequenced using Illumina sequencing technology. The total genome sizes of the complete chloroplast genomes of A. lappa and A. tomentosum were 152 767 bp and 152 688 bp, respectively, and contained a pair of inverted repeats of the same length (15,181 bp). The small single-copies were 18 584 bp and 18 582 bp, and the large single-copies were 83 821 bp and 83 744 bp, respectively. We identified and annotated 134 and 126 genes from A. lappa and A. tomentosum...
Expression profile analysis of MATE gene family in riceOriginal Papers
J.J. HUANG, W. J. AN, K. J. WANG, T.H. JIANG, Q. REN, W.H. LIANG, H.H. WANG*
Biologia Plantarum 63: 556-564, 2019 | DOI: 10.32615/bp.2019.099
Multidrug and toxic compound extrusion (MATE) proteins is a newly characterized transporter family in plants. However, knowledge of this family in systematic classification, molecular evolution, and expression patterns in plants is limited. In this study, MATE gene sequence, structure, and names as well as MATE protein size and subcellular localization in rice were analyzed using bioinformatics tools, chromosome localizations, and gene clusters. The function of MATE proteins was further elucidated on a basis of phylogenetic relationships. Using available transcriptomic data, the expression pattern and function of MATE were different in...
Physiological and molecular responses of two Chinese cabbage genotypes to heat stressOriginal Papers
Q. SONG, F. YANG, B. CUI, J. LI, Y. ZHANG, H. LI, N. QIU, F. WANG, J. GAO
Biologia Plantarum 63: 548-555, 2019 | DOI: 10.32615/bp.2019.097
A comparative investigation of heat stress-mediated physiological and biochemical parameters in conjunction with the expression analysis of heat shock transcription factors (BrHSF) from two different Chinese cabbage genotypes was done to understand the mechanism of heat tolerance. Our results show that the heat-tolerant (2013-33) genotype had a smaller relative electric conductivity, a less malondialdehyde content and a higher maximal efficiency of photosystem II photochemistry than the heat-sensitive (AM160) genotype, and was able to develop the leaf head under heat stress, whereas 'AM160' flailed to develop it. The results also indicate...
Molecular and physiological analysis of drought stress responses in Zea mays treated with plant growth promoting rhizobacteriaOriginal Papers
I. AHMAD, S. ZAIB, P.C.M.S. ALVES, D.S. LUTHE, A. BANO, S.N. SHAKEEL
Biologia Plantarum 63: 536-547, 2019 | DOI: 10.32615/bp.2019.092
Our research intended to appraise the performance of two different Pseudomonas strains on Zea mays L. (cv. B73) under drought stress and non-stress conditions. Plants were inoculated with P. putida KT2440 (Pp) and P. fluorescens (Pf1) followed by sampling at 0, 3rd, and 6th day after imposition of drought stress (DAS). Both strains demonstrated significant improvement in root length, protein content, chlorophyll content, and root and shoot fresh masses as compared to un-inoculated drought stressed plants. Real-time quantitative PCR analysis revealed that drought stress responsive genes, i.e.,...
The crucial role of gibberellic acid on germination of drought-resistant upland riceOriginal Papers
J.-Z. LI, M.-Q. LI, Y.-C. HAN, H.-Z. SUN, Y.-X. DU, Q.-Z. ZHAO*
Biologia Plantarum 63: 529-535, 2019 | DOI: 10.32615/bp.2019.049
Drought is one of the main factors restricting seed germination. In order to reveal the physiological and molecular mechanisms of improved germination ability in upland rice under drought stress, we investigated the seed germination characteristics and the expression of genes related to gibberellic acid (GA3), α-amylase, and expansin of upland rice cultivar IRAT109 and lowland rice cultivar Yuefu under drought stress induced by 15 % (m/v) polyethylene glycol (PEG) and GA3 application. Seed germination decreased in upland rice and lowland rice under PEG-induced stress; upland rice was less affected than lowland rice. The germination...
Exogenous spermidine enhances expression of Calvin cycle genes andphotosynthetic efficiency in sweet sorghum seedlings under salt stressOriginal Papers
A.I. EL SAYED, M.A.M. EL-HAMAHMY, M.S. RAFUDEEN, M.K.H. EBRAHIM
Biologia Plantarum 63: 511-518, 2019 | DOI: 10.32615/bp.2019.046
Salinity adversely affects plants resulting in disruption to plant growth and physiology. Previously, it has been shown that these negative effects can be alleviated by various exogenous polyamines. However, the role of spermidine (Spd) in conferring salinity tolerance in sorghum is not well documented. The effect of exogenous Spd on the responses of sweet sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.) seedlings to salt stress (150 mM NaCl) was investigated by measuring photosynthetic carbon assimilation, Calvin cycle enzyme activities, and the the expression of respective genes. Application of 0.25 mM Spd alleviated the negative effects of salt stress on efficiency...
Effects of various winter chilling regimes on flowering quality indicators of Greek olive cultivarsOriginal Papers
G. KOUBOURIS, I. LIMPERAKI, M. DARIOTI, C. SERGENTANI
Biologia Plantarum 63: 504-510, 2019 | DOI: 10.32615/bp.2019.065
Aims of the present two-year study were to evaluate the feasibility and identify potential drawbacks of the greenhouse/outdoors parallel plant growth methods for investigation of the effects of various winter chilling regimes on flowering quality indicators of four Greek olive cultivars, namely Mastoidis, Amfissis, and Lefkolia Serron (originating from mountainous and colder areas) compared to cv. Koroneiki (grown mainly in plain warm areas). Groups of potted olive plants were either grown outdoors under ambient temperature or transferred into a greenhouse for one, two, or three months during winter in Crete, Greece. During the first year, chilling...
Evaluation of Oryza coarctata candidate reference genes under different abiotic stressesOriginal Papers
S. CHOWRASIA, H. KAUR, A. MUJIB, T.K. MONDAL
Biologia Plantarum 63: 496-503, 2019 | DOI: 10.32615/bp.2019.054
Oryza coarctata Roxb. is a wild halophytic species found mostly on South Asian seashore. It can tolerate salinity up to 4 S m-1, which is equivalent to 479 mM NaCl. This species has unique morphological, anatomical, as well as physiological adaptations, which helps it to survive under high salinity and submerged conditions. Thus, it is considered to be a reservoir of salinity and submergence tolerance genes. For quantification of gene expressions, it is necessary to identify stable reference genes and validate stress responsive genes by real time quantitative PCR. The present study deals with the expression analyses of eight candidate reference...
Physiology and proteomics of two maize genotypes with different drought resistanceOriginal Papers
Y.H. LI, J.Y. CUI, Q. ZHAO, Y.Z. YANG, L. WEI, M.D. YANG, F. LIANG, S.T. DING, T.C. WANG
Biologia Plantarum 63: 519-528, 2019 | DOI: 10.32615/bp.2019.085
The aim of this study was to investigate the physiological basis and molecular mechanism of genotypic variation in drought response of maize seedlings. Comparative physiological and proteomic analyses were conducted in the leaves of drought-tolerant Liyu 35 (LY) and drought-sensitive Denghai 605 (DH) maize genotype seedlings. Drought induced a significant decrease of relative water content and osmotic potential of leaves, length and volume of roots, and total dry weight, but significantly increased malondialdehyde in DH seedlings. However, root dry weight , proline content and antioxidant enzyme activities increased more in LY than in DH. Forty-two...
Identification and characterization of catalase genes in Eleusine coracanaunder abiotic stressesOriginal Papers
S. SINGH, R. CHOPPERLA, S. KHAN, N. REDDY, J.C. PADARIA, A. MOLKUMAR, A.U. SOLANKE
Biologia Plantarum 63: 440-447, 2019 | DOI: 10.32615/bp.2019.048
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are byproducts of metabolic processes such as respiration and photosynthesis in plants. Production of ROS leads to rapid cell damage, and plants developed a complex system of enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants to scavenge these ROS. Catalase is an important enzyme, which plays a key role in elimination of toxic effects of hydrogen peroxide and plays a major role as an antioxidant. When characterizing heat responsive genes in finger millet (Eleusine coracana L.) using a suppression subtractive hybridization (SSH) library, we isolated two catalase genes and named them as EcCATA1 and EcCATB1....
Sense- and antisense-mediated resistance against Sri Lankan cassava mosaic virus (SLCMV) in Nicotiana benthamianaOriginal Papers
A. GOGOI, A. KALDIS, I. DASGUPTA, B.K. BORAH, A. VOLOUDAKIS
Biologia Plantarum 63: 455-464, 2019 | DOI: 10.32615/bp.2019.079
Sri Lankan cassava mosaic virus (SLCMV) is the principal causal agent of cassava mosaic disease in the Indian subcontinent. To gain resistance against the virus, the coat protein (CP) gene, namely the AV1 of SLCMV-Adivaram isolate, was cloned in either sense or antisense orientation under the Cauliflower mosaic virus 35S promoter, and transgenic Nicotiana benthamiana plants were obtained through Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. A total of eight T1 transgenic lines, four harboring the CP-sense construct and four harboring the CP-antisense construct were challenged with agro-infectious clones...
Multifunctional proline rich proteins and their role in regulating cellular proline content in plants under stressReviews
R.S. GUJJAR, A.D. PATHAK, S.G. KARKUTE, K. SUPAIBULWATANA
Biologia Plantarum 63: 448-454, 2019 | DOI: 10.32615/bp.2019.078
Proline rich proteins (PRPs), earlier famous as animal salivary proteins, have now been proven as indispensable plant proteins. They are highly rich in proline amino acid residues at the N-terminus whereas a characteristic eight cysteine motif is located at the C-terminus. The PRPs support a number of developmental processes from germination to plant death. Under normal environmental conditions, PRP genes express customarily in different plant parts depending on the specific function to be carried out. During abiotic stresses, PRP genes exhibit an uneven pattern of transcriptional regulation depending on the time and intensity of stress....
The intensity of and recovery from photoinhibition under drought in a thermotolerant common bean compared to drought tolerant genotypesOriginal Papers
D.C. MACEDO, G.R. LIMA, R.L.N. BARROS, C. PIMENTEL
Biologia Plantarum 63: 465-473, 2019 | DOI: 10.32615/bp.2019.076
The chlorophyll a fluorescence parameters of four Phaseolus vulgaris L. genotypes were evaluated under drought in two greenhouse experiments. Under severe water stress, the thermotolerant genotype 'Diplomata' maintained significantly higher values of predawn leaf water potential (Ψw), maximum Fv/Fm and effective (ΦPSII) quantum yield of photosystem II , and non-photochemical quenching than 'Ouro Negro', in the first experiment, and 'A 285' and 'A 222', in the second one. Among these parameters, Fv/Fm showed more differences that discriminated between the genotype...
Exogenous salicylic acid alleviates the oxidative damageof Arabidopsis thaliana by enhancing antioxidant defense systemsunder high lightOriginal Papers
Z.C. YANG, N. WU, L. TANG, X.H. YAN, M. YUAN, Z.W. ZHANG, S. YUAN, H.Y. ZHANG, Y.E. CHEN
Biologia Plantarum 63: 474-483, 2019 | DOI: 10.32615/bp.2019.074
To understand the protective roles of salicylic acid (SA) under high light, we investigated oxidative damage of Arabidopsis thaliana under high light in the presence or absence of SA. The results indicate that the high light led to an increase in the levels of proline, soluble sugars, reactive oxygen species, malondialdehyde, and electrolyte leakage, and a decrease in stomatal conductance (gs). Activities of six antioxidant enzymes increased significantly under the high light for 1 h. However, the high light for 3 h decreased the activities of peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, and catalase. In addition, we found that exogenous SA effectively...
Overexpression of the dominant negative nbexo70d1 mutantionconfers tolerance to salt stress in transgenic tobaccoOriginal Papers
N.N. TRINH, H.T. LE, T.P. NGUYEN
Biologia Plantarum 63: 484-495, 2019 | DOI: 10.32615/bp.2019.058
The vesicle trafficking process, which involves exocytotic and endocytotic pathways, has been reported to play a role in regulating plant responses to different environmental stresses. The Exo70 protein is important for the localization of the exocyst in the plasma membrane; however, its role in the physiology of stress tolerance is currently unclear. In this study, we characterized NbExo70D1, an Exo70 gene from tobacco (Nicotiana benthamiana). It was shown to have a role in the plant response to salt stress. More specifically, tolerance to salt stress is conferred by the overexpression of the dominant negative nbexo70d1 domain...
Influence of girdling on flower sex ratio, biochemical constituents, and fruit set intensity in mango (Mangifera indica L.)Original Papers
K. S. SHIVASHANKARA, G. A. GEETHA, and T. K. ROY
Biologia Plantarum 63: 432-439, 2019 | DOI: 10.32615/bp.2019.064
The study was conducted in mango to understand the relationship of various metabolites with flower sex ratio (hermaphrodite/male) and fruit set using stem girdling technique. Girdling one year old branches was carried out in two cultivars, Mangifera indica 'Alphonso' and 'Totapuri' to retain 50, 100 and 150 leaves to vary the content of hormones, sugars, total carbohydrates, and amino acids. The increased leaf number was found to increase the total carbohydrates, glucose, fructose, and other sugars. Girdling also significantly increased the concentration of abscisic acid (ABA), salicylic acid (SA), jasmonic acid (JA), indole acetic acid,...
RNDr. Tomáš Gichner, DrSc.Obituary
Diana Stavreva
Biologia Plantarum 63: iv-v, 2019
A leading figure in the field of plant genetics RNDr. Tomáš Gichner, DrSc. passed away on 6th January 2019 at the age of 83.
Transcriptome profiling in Salix matsudana during refilling xylem vessels after embolismOriginal Papers
Y.C. Yu, J.X. Liu, Z.Y. Sun
Biologia Plantarum 63: 425-431, 2019 | DOI: 10.32615/bp.2019.061
The objective of this study is to understand the role of bark water uptake in refilling of xylem vessels after embolism in Salix matsudana. Further, we determined expression of genes closely related to xylem embolism repair. The isolated branch segments of S. matsudana were soaked in deionized water and after 2 h, the micro-computed tomography (CT) images, volume of xylem sap, osmotic potential of xylem sap, and the content of starch and soluble sugar were measured. At the same time, Illumina high-throughput sequencing (Hi Seq TM) was applied to obtain the xylem transcriptome profiling. The results showed that the soaked branches...
RNDr. Bohdan Slavík, DrSc.Obituary
J. Krekule
Biologia Plantarum 63: iii, 2019
A leading figure in the field of plant physiology RNDr. Bohdan Slavík, DrSc. passed away on 1st August 2018 at the age of 93.
Rosmarinic acid accumulation in Melissa officinalis shoot cultures is mediated by ABAOriginal Papers
S.-M. Mousavi, L. Shabani
Biologia Plantarum 63: 418-424, 2019 | DOI: 10.32615/bp.2019.057
Plant responses to elicitors are the result of a series of highly modulated consecutive changes in hormones or reactive oxygen species (ROS). Abscisic acid (ABA) is a stress hormone that coordinates the complex networks of stress responses and its content is rapidly changed in response to stresses. This study evaluated the effects of application of ABA (0, 5, 25, 50, and 100 µM) to shoot cultures of lemon balm (Melissa officinalis L.) in Murashige and Skoog (MS) liquid medium on growth, H2O2 production, rosmarinic acid (RA) content, total phenolic compound accumulation, phenylalanine-ammonia lyase (PAL)...
Growth, secondary metabolism, and related gene expression in response to interactions of nitrogen and sulfur in Isatis indigoticaOriginal Papers
Y.J. Miao, R.J. Qu, J.T. Sha, Y.W. Cao, J.L. Guan, J. Xu, X.Q. Tang, F.Q Wang, J. Yang
Biologia Plantarum 63: 411-417, 2019 | DOI: 10.32615/bp.2019.053
Nitrogen and sulfur are major elements influencing plant growth and production of secondary metabolites. They interact to each other, but little is known about it in Isatis indigotica Fort. plants. In this study, 15 different treatments representing all possible combinations of 3 N treatments (N1, N2, and N3, corresponding to 5, 15, and 25 mM N, respectively) and five S treatments (S0, S1, S2, S3, and S4, corresponding to 0.00, 1.25, 2.50, 5.00 and 7.50 mM S, respectively) were used, and plant growth, indigo and indirubin yields, and expressions of genes encoding enzymes involved in N and S metabolisms were measured. The results show that the...
Application of abscisic acid prevents leaf senescence at decreased irradianceBrief Communications
W. Kupis, E. Tomal, E. Niewiadomska
Biologia Plantarum 63: 405-410, 2019 | DOI: 10.32615/bp.2019.052
Several lines of evidence suggest that plant hormone abscisic acid (ABA) and the activity of alternative respiratory pathway are somehow interrelated. In this paper, we tested how an application of ABA affects the alternative oxidase (AOX) pathway and leaf senescence in Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh. Different effects of ABA application on the AOX activity were observed under high irradiance (HI) and low irradiance (LI). The expression of AOX1D gene was stimulated, whereas the expression of senescence marker gene WRKY53 was decreased due to ABA treatment. We also noticed that changes of AOX genes AOX1A and AOX1D,...
Somatic mutations, DNA methylation, and expression of DNA repair genes in Arabidopsis thaliana treated with 5-azacytidineOriginal Papers
K.V. Kiselev, Z.V. Ogneva, A.S. Dubrovina, N.N. Nityagovsky, A.R. Suprun
Biologia Plantarum 63: 398-404, 2019 | DOI: 10.32615/bp.2019.051
An inhibitor of DNA methylation 5-azacytidine (5A) is a chemical analog of the nucleoside cytidine. This study investigated the influence of 5A-induced DNA hypomethylation on the accumulation of somatic DNA mutations (nucleotide substitutions, indels) in the Actin2 3′ untranslated region, nuclear internal transcribed spacer ITS1-5.8rRNA-ITS2, and the ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase gene of Arabidopsis thaliana and analyzed concurrent changes in the expression of DNA methyltransferase and DNA repair genes. The 5A treatment (20 mg per 100 g of soil) decreased DNA methylation, and the detected 5A-induced demethylation...
N-terminal domains of AhAREB1 protein are necessary for transcriptional characteristics and negative regulation of the AhNCED1 geneOriginal Papers
L. Hong, C.Y. He, H. Shen, S. Liu, X. Liu, X.L. Li, L. Li
Biologia Plantarum 63: 388-397, 2019 | DOI: 10.32615/bp.2019.050
A transcription factor gene Arachis hypogaea abscisic acid (ABA) responsive element binding protein 1 (AhAREB1) has been isolated from peanut previously. Here, the function of different domains from AhAREB1 was investigated using construct series containing AhAREB1 full-length and truncated fragments to transform peanut hairy roots and pAhNCED1 (promoter of Arachis hypogaea 9-cis-epoxycarotenoid dioxygenase 1) GUS/Col Arabidopsis thaliana, respectively. The results of real-time quantitative PCR, transient expression, and chromosome immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assay all showed that AhAREB1 negatively regulated...
EditorialEditorial
J. Pospisilova
Biologia Plantarum 63: i, 2019
Dear members of editorial board, referees, authors, and readers, First, I greet you at the beginning of the year 2019 and wish you a steady health, a lot of happiness, and a great success in your professional life. Simultaneously, I would like to express many thanks for all the work done and attention paid to our journal in previous years.
Suitable reference genes for real-time quantitative PCR in Salsola laricifilia under five abiotic stressesOriginal Papers
Y.-F. Zhang, Z.-B. Wen, Y. Wang, Y.-L. Wang, Y. Feng
Biologia Plantarum 63: 380-387, 2019 | DOI: 10.32615/bp.2019.044
Salsola laricifolia, a typical C3-C4 intermediate desert plant, is an important for understanding gene evolution and mechanisms for drought resistance. The reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) is a preferred choice for gene expression studies, but it requires stable reference genes for normalization. Therefore, we tested the expression stability of five candidate reference genes in S. laricifolia: EF1α (elongation factor 1-α), ACT (actin), GAPDH (glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase), TUB (tubulin), and 18S (18S ribosomal RNA). The...
Overexpression of BdRHP1 improves drought tolerance and reduces yield loss in riceOriginal Papers
D.-E. Zeng, Z.-M. Cai, Y.-S. Liu
Biologia Plantarum 63: 371-379, 2019 | DOI: 10.32615/bp.2019.043
Drought is a major factor decreasing the growth, development, and productivity of rice in about one-third of the world area. The characterization of genes imparting tolerance to drought in rice, is an attractive strategy for genetic engineering to improve drought tolerance. It is demonstrated that ectopic overexpression of Brachypodium distachyon RING-H2 finger gene (designated as BdRHP1) enhances drought tolerance in rice at both the vegetative and reproductive stages. When subjected to drought, positive transgenic lines showed delayed wilting, and improved recovery after rewatering. However, the transgenic plants exhibited...
The effects of gibberellic acid on Allium cepa root tip meristematic cellsOriginal Papers
B. Tütünoğlu, Ö. Aksoy, R. Özbek, F. Uçkan
Biologia Plantarum 63: 365-370, 2019 | DOI: 10.32615/bp.2019.042
Gibberellic acid (GA) is a natural plant growth regulator (PGR) which stimulates germination, vegetative growth, flowering, and fruit formation. However, when high concentrations of GA are used, it inhibits plant growth and development and causes abnormalities in the plant tissue. In our study, we determined the effects of different concentrations of GA on Allium cepa L. var. cepa roots. Increasing concentrations of GA (50 - 5 000 mg dm-3) were used in A. cepa root growth inhibition tests. Further, random amplified polymorphic DNA technique was used for determination of possible genotoxic effects of 600 - 1200...