Book review

Jana Pospíšilová

Biologia plantarum 22:427, 1980 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02880480

Book review

T. Gichner

Biologia plantarum 22:464, 1980 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02880487

Book reviews

J. Čermák, Jana Pospíšilová, I. Šetlík, J. Brčák, T. Gichner

Biologia plantarum 22:475-478, 1980 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02880491

Gibberellic acid bioassay based on the inhibition of anthocyanin production in tomato seedlings

M. I. Khan

Biologia plantarum 22:401-403, 1980 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02880475

A simple bioassay of gibberellic acid (GA₃) based on the GA₃-induced reduction of anthocyanin contents in young seedlings of tomato is described and compared with the amaranthin reduction test. It was found that GA₃-induced reduction of anthocyanin in tomato seedlings was linear from 10^-5 to 10 mg 1^-1 GA₃ whereas the reduction of amaranthin inAn aranthus caudatus seedlings was linear from 10^-3 to 10 mg 1^-1 GA₃. From these results, it is concluded that the anthocyanin reduction test for GA₃ is more sensitive at lower concentrations of...

Substrate specificity of peroxidase isoenzymes for hydrogen donors

Dimitrina Klisurska, Atanaska Dencheva

Biologia plantarum 22:404-409, 1980 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02880476

The investigation of the substrate specificity of the anionic peroxidase isoenzymes, isolated from the zone of differentiation of the primary roots ofZea mays, for some representatives of phenolic compounds and aromatic amines, as hydrogen donors, is reported. The investigation was carried out electrophoretically with peroxidase isoenzymes partially purified by a combination of gel filtration by Sephadex G-25 and Sephadex G-100. A difference in the substrate specificity of the individual isoenzymes is observed. It was established that the anionic peroxidase isoenzymes showed a similarity in total number and relative activity on staining with...

Esterase ontogeny in cotton fibre

N. Rama Rao, S. C. Naithani, Y. D. Singh

Biologia plantarum 22:410-413, 1980 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02880477

Growth parameters and esterase isoenzyme patterns were studied in developing cotton fibre. Fibre length and dry weight when plotted against boll age showed four distinct stages; (i) initiation, (ii) elongation, (iii) secondary thickening, and (iv) maturation. Stage specificity and changing intensities of esterase isoenzyme suggested a finely modulated control of gene expression during fibre development.

Proteolytic activity and nitrogen transfer in maize seeds during imbibition

B. Bose, H. S. Srivastava

Biologia plantarum 22:414-419, 1980 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02880478

Ethanol-soluble and insoluble nitrogen and protease activity in maize seeds during imbibition period of 6 to 60 h at 30 ± 2 °C were determined both in light and in the dark. In light, soluble and insoluble nitrogen in the embryo were similar to that in the dark. But the increase in soluble nitrogen in the endosperm up to 38 h was higher in light than in the dark. Decrease in insoluble nitrogen was correlated with increase in soluble nitrogen, the level always being higher in the dark. Light increased protease activity also in the endosperm. Among various light qualities, red light was most effective in inducing proteolysis, and loss of nitrogen...

Diurnal rhythms of certain sesquiterpenes in wild camomile (Matricaria chamomilla L.)

M. Repčák, B. Šmajda, P. Černaj, R. Hončariv, D. Podhradský

Biologia plantarum 22:420-427, 1980 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02880479

A study was made of the changes in the the content of camomile essential oil and its components [(-)-α-bisabolol, (-)-α-bisabololoxide A, (-)-α-bisabololoxide B and spathulenol, and chamazulene] in dependence on the time of day under field conditions. The essential oil, distilled immediately after sampling, was analysed by means of gas chromatography at 3-h intervals in the course of 51 h. A 24-h period rhythm of (-)-α-bisabolol with maximum content in the scotoperiod, was demonstrated in 1976 using periodogram and cosinor tests. The other substances investigated exhibit a rhythm with a 12-h period. The latter test did not reveal...

The rate of cell division in the shoot apical meristem during photoperiodic induction and transition to flowering

Frideta Seidlová

Biologia plantarum 22:428-433, 1980 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02880481

Cell division contributing to longitudinal growth of the shoot apex was investigated inChenopodium rubrum in segments marked by the axils of leaf primordia. Plants treated with two short days (16h of darkness and 8h of light) were compared with two non-induced controls (cultivated in continuous light or treated by alternations of 8 h of darkness and 4 h of light for two days). During the short-day treatments the rate of cell division contributing to the longitudinal growth decreases in all segments of the shoot apex irrespective of whether the darkness was given in inductive or non-inductive photoperiods. The rate of cell division contributing...

The role of endogenous cytokinins in correlation between cotyledon and its axillary bud and in hypocotyl regeneration of flax

J. Šebánek, Hoang Minh Tan, Jarmila Blazková

Biologia plantarum 22:434-437, 1980 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02880482

When flax seedlings are decapitated above cotyledons and three days later one of the two cotyledons is removed then the remaining cotyledon stimulates in four to five days growth of its axillary bud. It has been found that content of endogenous cytokinins was higher in the stimulated bud as compared with the other one already 12 h after the cotyledon removal.Flax seedlings decapitated under cotyledons regenerate adventitious buds on thy hypocotyl stump during 5-6 days. The endogenous fytohormonal preparation of this regeneration was investigated in the 20 mm apical part of the hypocotyl stump. Decrease in auxin and increase in gibberellins was...

Fluctuations of nitrogenase and cytosol glutamine synthetase activity in pea (Pisum sativum L.) nodules in the course of vegetation

V. Škrdleta, Alena Gaudinová, V. Našinec, Marie Němcová, Vanda Našincová

Biologia plantarum 22:438-443, 1980 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02880483

Changes in glutamine synthetase activity located in the cytosol of root nodules were followed in pea (Pisum sativum L.) plants in relation to their nitrogenase activity. The highest glutamine synthetase activity was found in young nodules (15 days after inoculation) and its changes in 17-to 45-day-old plants showed a positive correlation with nitrogenase activity. In contrast to nitrogenase activity, changes in glutamine synthetase activity during the day and night period could not be unequivocally interpreted in terms of diurnal fluctuation.

Ultrastructure of cortical cells of maize root under water stress conditions

Milada Čiamporová

Biologia plantarum 22:444-449, 1980 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02880484

Following moderate water stress in the cortical cells of theZea mays primary roots, the condensation of the nuclear chromatin, a higher density of free ribosomes and a reduction of polyribosomes, the reduction of mitochondrial cristae, elongation of ER elements, less compact dictyosomes and inhibited production of the Golgi vesicles were observed. Severe water stress would cause more severe structural damage in the cortical cells. The more differentiated cortical cells showed more expressive ultrastructural damage when compared with the meristematic nonvacuolated cells. Similarly, the cells of the peripheral layers of the cortex suffered more...

Dimethyl sulfoxide: A solvent for cytokinins in theAmaranthus bioassay

M. Kamínek, J. Luštinec

Biologia plantarum 22:450-453, 1980 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02880485

Dimethyl sulfoxide present in the agar medium at concentration 0.2 % (v/v) and lower does not inhibit cytokinin-induced betacyanin synthesis in theAmaranthus caudatus seedlings. The activity of kinetin, N⁶-(Δ²-isopentenyl)adenine andtrans- zeatin is the same when these cytokinins are dissolved in either water or dimethyl sulfoxide and incorporated into the medium after autoclaving. A simple method is described which allows the cytokinin activity of slightly water-soluble and thermolabile compounds,e.g. aromatic urea and thiourea derivatives, to be determined in theAmaranthus bioassay.

Changes in organ growth ofChenopodium rubrum due to suboptimal and multiple photoperiodic cycles with and without flowering effect

Jana Opatrná, J. Ullmann, Libuše Pavlová, J. Krekule

Biologia plantarum 22:454-464, 1980 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02880486

The growth changes of cotyledons, leaves, hypocotyls and roots due to photoperiodic induction in short day plantChenopodium rubrum were investigated in relation to flowering. Six-day old plants were induced by photoperiods with a different number of dark hours. We found that the degree of inhibition which occurred during induction in the growth of leaves, cotyledons and roots similarly as the stimulation of hypocotyl is proportional to the length of dark period. The photoperiods with 12, 16 and 20 dark hours bring about marked inhibition of growth and at the same time induce flowering in terminal and axillary meristems. The inhibitory effect...

A Prague isolate of wisteria vein mosaic virus

J. Brčák

Biologia plantarum 22:465, 1980 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02880488

An isolate of wisteria vein mosaic virus (WVMV) obtained fromWisteria sinensis in Prague resembled in its properties WVMV isolates described in Italy and Holland.Nicotiana megalosiphon is reported as a new host of WVMV. Other known host plants showed reactions similar to those described formerly. The incubation period extended in some hosts up to two or four weeks. Pea plants showed symptoms within five to seven days. Species ofApium, Brassica,Datura and others were not susceptible. TIP of Prague isolate of WVMV was 61 °C, at a dilution 1: 5000 47% of plants were infected, and 48 h > LIV > 28 h. Modal particle length...

Response of wheat cultivars to the presence of sodium salts at germination and in early development

R. Ansari, S. M. Naqvi, S. A. Ala

Biologia plantarum 22:470-472, 1980 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02880489

The effect of various sodium salts at the early developmental stages of wheat cultivars was studied. Germination was not affected by the presence of salts but cv. H-68 was more tolerant than Mexipak during later growth. The roots were more sensitive than the shoots. The salts under study could be divided into two groups. Bicarbonate, carbonate, acetate and citrate were more toxic for growth than sulphate, nitrate, phosphate and chloride of sodium. The individual members of each group did not vary much from one another.

Natural infection of sugar beet with tomato bushy stunt virus

J. B. Novák, Julie Lanzová

Biologia plantarum 22:473-474, 1980 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02880490

A virus transmissible toChenopodium quinoa was isolated from leaves of sugar beet showing large chlorotic ring spots and line pattern. The virus was serologically unrelated to tobacco necrosis virus and tomato black ring virus or to its beet ringspot strain either. A positive result was obtained with antiserum against tomato bushy stunt virus. Reactions of herbaceous indicators and properties of the virus in crude sap were in accordance with the serological diagnosis. A survey of natural hosts of tomato bushy stunt virus demonstrated recently by the authors is given.

Academician Silvestr Prát celebrates his 85 th birthday

Biologia plantarum 22:479-480, 1980 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02880492