Book review

T. Gichner

Biologia plantarum 28:16, 1986 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02885312

Book review

J. Krekule

Biologia plantarum 28:30, 1986 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02885315

Book review

Ingrid Tichá

Biologia plantarum 28:37, 1986 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02885317

Book review

Olga Máchová

Biologia plantarum 28:51, 1986 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02885321

Book reviews

Ingrid Tichá, Kateřina Pánková

Biologia plantarum 28:56, 1986 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02885323

Book review

Ingrid Tichá

Biologia plantarum 28:61, 1986 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02885325

Book reviews

K. Beneš, Jana Pospíšilová

Biologia plantarum 28:67, 1986 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02885327

Book reviews

Ingrid Tichá, Jarmila Solárová, Libuše Pavlová, Dagmar Dykyjová, T. Herben, Frideta Seidlová, Jana Pospíšilová, Ivana Macháčková, J. Velemínský, J. Bříza, Kateřina Pánková, T. Gichner, K. Beneš, Ingrid Tichá

Biologia plantarum 28:72-80, 1986 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02885329

Opportunities for regulation of sugar beet storage root growth

M. C. Elliott, D. J. Hosford, Jane I. Smith, D. K. Lawrence

Biologia plantarum 28:1, 1986 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02885310

The percentage of sucrose in sugar beet storage root fresh and dry matter is closely related to root structure. It has been suggested that the sucrose content might be increased by using plant growth regulators to modify storage root structure through control of cambial development, cell division and cell expansion. During storage root development correlations were found between the changing phytohormone profiles and the formation of secondary cambia and their subsequent cell division and expansion. Sugar beet root derived cell suspension cultures were used for detailed studies of the roles of endogenous phytohormones. The gibberellin synthesis inhibitor...

Biochemistry of a plant dormancy process: Prospects for chemical regulation

D. M. A. Mousdale, Sandra A. Mousdale, M. J. Hennerty

Biologia plantarum 28:9, 1986 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02885311

The mobilization of protein nitrogen reserves in apple shoot bark is subject to abscisic acid (ABA)-mediated regulation. At the biochemical level proteolytic activities in the shoot bark are suppressed in the autumn. As endogenous ABA levels decline during the autumn and winter tissue protease levels increase in parallel with the rate of inducible breakdown of reserve protein; metabolic demandper se plays no significant role. This process is used as a model system to explore the possibilities for chemical regulation ("bioregulation") of ABA-determined dormancy phenomena by: manipulation of tissue ABA concentrations, substitution of synthetic...

Embryonal growth-correlative effects in pea seedlings as reflected in the level of endogenous gibberellin-like and cytokinin-like substances

Šárka Klíčová, J. Šebánek, Maeta Slezáková, K. Čurda

Biologia plantarum 28:17, 1986 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02885313

The level of endogenous gibberellin-like and cytokinin-like substances was estimated in the plumule and the root of 2-to 3-day-old intact pea seedlings, in the plumule of seedlings from which the radicle was cut off, and in the root of seedlings from which the plumule was removed.An increase in the level of gibberellin-like substances and a decrease in the level of cytokininlike substances in the plumule as a consequence of radicle amputation were observed within 48 h. Plumule amputation resulted in a decreased level of both gibberellin-like and cytokinin-like substances in the root in the same period.

Regulation of flower organogenesis: Phytohormone control of mRNA populations during sexual differentiation inMercurialis annua L.

M. Delaigue, T. Poulain, P. Dabat, E. Cabre, Raymonde Durand, B. Durand

Biologia plantarum 28:23, 1986 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02885314

Some general data on the genetic control and the possibilities of regulation of developmental paths inDrosophila are furnished. The insights to be gained from this insect will surely have implications that extend far beyond the fruit-fly. For example, in plants, developmental programs for floral organs, implying specific proteins are known. Developmental mutants in which mutate alleles control developmental programs for flowering were also selected in several species (Zea, Pisum, Sorghum, Cucumis, Mercurialis). Chemicals, especially phytohormones interfering with these programs are discussed. The case of sexual differentiation ofMercurialis...

The role of growth regulators in the differentiation of flowers and inflorescences

Z. Sladký

Biologia plantarum 28:31, 1986 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02885316

Growth regulators participate in the differentiation of floral parts, determining the developmental path of the respective type of inflorescence. The effect depends on the expression of the peculiarities of floral part differentiation, the recognition of the character of endogenous substances in certain stages and the choice of the suitable regulator for application. In the primitive flower ofPapaver petals and stamens are formed from the peripheral meristem with a lower content of auxins and a higher level of gibberellic substances. The pistil arises later from central tissues with a higher level of auxins and inhibitory substances. The stamens...

Changes of axillary meristem localization in relation to flowering ofRaphanus sativus L. after GA treatment

Zofia Michno-Zatorska, Teresa Szcześniak, M. Michniewicz

Biologia plantarum 28:38, 1986 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02885318

Two phases of radish ontogenesis (I-when the plant had produced 3 -5 nodes and II-when the plant had produced 8 -10 nodes) were established on the basis of axillary, meristem localization. Flowering of the plants in response to GA treatment depends on the phases in which they were treated and on growth correlations in the apical meristem. The results obtained suggest that the reaction ofRaphanus sativus (LDP) to GA treatment is parallel to that ofChenopodium rubrum (SDP), and that the response of radish plants also depends on changes in growth correlations in the shoot apical meristem at the time of treatment.

Fluctuation of endogenous cytokinins in leaves and roots of short-day and long-day tobacco associated with photoperiodic induction

Veronika N. Lozhnikova, J. Krekule, Nataliya Dudko, M. Kh. Chaïlakhyan

Biologia plantarum 28:43, 1986 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02885319

As the dynamics of changes in phytohormones may be involved in photoperiodic regulation of the rates of growth and flowering, fluctuation of cytokinins was followed in long-day and short-day tobacco. Zeatin (Z) and zeatin riboside (ZR) were identified in leaves and roots using a GC-MSC system. In plants of the long-day tobaccoNicotiana silvestris increasing the number of long-day inductive for flowering (10, 20, 30, 40 LD) resulted in a rise in ZR activity. Half the plants reached a reproductive stage on the 40th day of induction. In short-day Mam moth tobacco plants, short-day floral induction (10, 20, 30, 40 SD) caused similar but less marked...

The effect of some 9-substituted adenine derivatives on the development of seedling roots of broad bean

K. Beneš, A. Holý, O. Melichar, I. Rosenberg

Biologia plantarum 28:47-51, 1986 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02885320

Seedlings ofVicia faba L. were cultured on diluted Knop's solution containing one of the tested substances: 9-(2,3-dihydroxypropyl)adenine (DHPA), 3-0-phosphonylmethyl DHPA (DHPA phosphonate), 3-(adenin-9-yl)-2-hydroxypropanoic acid and its esters, (2R,3R)-4-(adenin-9-yl)-2,3-dihydroxybutanoic acid (D-eritadenine) and its methyl ester. The development of main and side roots was checked. Most of the substances tested were more powerful inhibitors than DHPA. The results are discussed in connection with the role of S-adenosyl-L-methionine in plant objects.

Endogenous gibberellins and inhibitors in the Douglas-fir

Angelika Meyer, G. Schneider, G. Sembdner

Biologia plantarum 28:52-56, 1986 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02885322

In young needles of the Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) GA₉ has been shown by GC and HPLC to be the main gibberellin. As minor compounds GA₇, GA₃ and GA₈ have been tentatively identified by HPLC. In addition to the free gibberellins small amounts of GA₉ glucosyl ester and a not yet identified ester of GA₂₀ have been isolated.From the group of endogenous inhibitors ABA has been identified by GC-MS and ABA glucosyl ester by HPLC. After enzymatic hydrolysis of the ester, ABA and glucose have been quantified by GC and GOD-POD reaction giving the ratio 1:1. Another plant growth...

ABA and IAA in rice seedlings under anaerobic conditions

S. Mapelli, Paola Rocchi, A. Bertani

Biologia plantarum 28:57, 1986 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02885324

The rice is important in plant science for its ability to germinate and grow with restricted or without oxygen availability. In this work we have investigated the variation of growth substances when anoxia was imposed to rice seedlings previously grown in air. An increase, in all the organs of a seedling and in particular in the fraction released in the medium, was observed for ABA (abscisic acid), PA (phaseic acid) and DPA (dihydrophaseic acid) quantities.Vice versa a reduction of total IAA (indol-3-ylacetic acid) was observed in seedlings. This was accompanied by its accumulation in roots. IAA was poorly released in aerobic conditions and...

Possible role of N-malonyl-D-tryptophan as an auxin precursor

Nataliya I. Rekoslavskaya

Biologia plantarum 28:62, 1986 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02885326

N-malonyl-D-tryptophan (MT) and D-tryptophan added to the medium instead of auxin stimulated growth of soybean and tomato cell and tissue cultures. Effects of 50-100 μmol 1^-1 MT and 100 -300 μmol 1^-1 D-tryptophan were equal to the effect of 3-10 μmol 1^-1 IAA. Soybean cells grown in the presence of 100 μmol 1^-1 MT contained 125-170 ng IAA per 1 g fresh mass (as determined by spectrofluorimetric indole-α-pyrone method), whereas the cells grown in the presence of NAA 10. 7 μmol 1^-1 contained 50 -60 ng IAA and the cells grown in the absence of auxin failed to show endogenous IAA....

The effect of plant hormones on phosphate uptake and translocation in maize roots

Ivana Macháčková, Maeie Trčková, Z. Zmrhal

Biologia plantarum 28:68, 1986 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02885328

In short-term (1 h) uptake experiments GA₃(10^-5M) stimulated P_i uptake into maize root cortex cells by 28.7 %, Ethrel (10^-3M) inhibited it by 18.5 % and BA, IAA, and ABA were inactive. In long-term (5 h) experiments ABA remained inactive, GA₃ lost its stimulatory effect, and BA (5. 10^-6M), IAA (10^-4 -10^-5M), and Ethrel (10^-3 -5. 10^-4M) decreased P_i uptake. When the hormones were present only during 3 h preincubation ("augmentation") period ABA was inactive, GA₃ slightly raised and BA, IAA, and Ethrel slowed down subsequent...