Biologia plantarum, 1986 (vol. 28), issue 5

Article

Book reviews

R. Rozkošný, J. Krekule, Kateřina Pánková, T. Gichner, J. Velemínský

Biologia plantarum 28:399-400, 1986 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02902257

Original Papers

Photosynthate allocation and productivity of latex vessels inHevea brasiliensis

J. -M. Eschbach, J. Tupý, R. Lacrotte

Biologia plantarum 28:321, 1986 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02902242

Manipulations of production systems in rubber tree which were intended to improve sucrose translocation in tapped bark resulted in an increase of latex sucrose and of latex production and reduced the incidence of nonyielding laticiferous tissue. This was achieved by shortening the tapping cut from full to half spiral, by changing the descending direction into an ascending mode of tapping or by annual change-over of tapping panel allowing for a longer time the regeneration of bark removed above the location of the cut. The increase of latex yield did not result in a significant decrease in the growth of trees over a period of three years.Clonal...

The feasibility of utilizing a mathematical model in studying nonlinear transport processes in living systems

J. Michalov

Biologia plantarum 28:329-337, 1986 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02902243

On the basis of proportionality between flow and its conjugated force a mathematical model for volume, current and osmotic flows was designed and a method for the experimental measurement of flows, the transbarrier (trans-segmental) potential and the rate of flow was devised.The results obtained experimentally as well as using the mathematical model indicate that the plant root is differentiated not only according to localization, but also according to the conductivity, permeability and selectivity of these tissues.

Levels of gibberellin-like substances and their possible transport in developing dwarf and normal cultivars of pea (Pisum sativum L.)

W. S. Pesme, G. F. Israelstam

Biologia plantarum 28:338, 1986 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02902244

The level of gibberellin-like substances was determined in the cotyledons and axis of developing seedlings of dwarf (Little Marvel) and normal (Tall Telephone) cultivars of pea (Pisum sativum L.). The effect of cotyledon removal with GA₃ application on growth was also examined. Greater levels of gibberellin-like substances were observed in the cotyledons of the normal cultivar than the dwarf. This was particularly evident in the cotyledons during the early stages of seedling growth. Subsequently there was a decline in GA levels in the cotyledons. This was coincidental with a rise in GA content in the axis with markedly greater levels...

Comparative effects of salicylate, 2,4-dinitrophenol and abscisic acid on stomatal resistance of detached tobacco leaves

S. Pennazio, C. Sapetti, P. Roggero

Biologia plantarum 28:345, 1986 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02902245

The effects of salicylate on stomatal resistance (a measure of stomatal opening) were compared with those produced by 2,4-dinitrophenol and abscisic acid. Salicylate and dinitrophenol had the same minimum effective concentration and comparable kinetics, and induced stomatal closure persisting for a long time in the absence of further supply. However, a K and Ca solution prevented the salicylate-induced, but not dinitrophenol-induced, stomatal closure. The effects of salicylate and abscisic acid had very different characteristics. Cytokinins had no relevant effects on the stomatal closure induced by the three compounds. A close correlation was found...

Effect of auxins on flower formation in coffee (Coffea arabica L.)

M. A. Cueto, W. Dathe

Biologia plantarum 28:355, 1986 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02902247

With the aim to reduce the period of flowering and of fruit maturation, we investigated the effect of auxins on flower formation. For these experiments we used young decapitated plants with two plagiotropic branches. Both the auxins, indol-3-ylacetic acid (IAA) and 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), retarded flower formation in coffee, the latter one being more effective. The effects of 2,4-D if applied on only one of the two plagiotropic branches can be observed only in this treated one. Furthermore, the auxins seem to act in coffee plant directly by affecting flower formation and not indirectly by inducing endogenous ethylene production.

GA, ABA, phenol interaction in the control of growth: Phenolic compounds as effective modulators of GA-ABA interaction in radish seedlings

S. D. Ray

Biologia plantarum 28:361, 1986 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02902248

Abscisic acid, a potent growth inhibitor inhibits hypocotyl growth ofRaphanus sativus seedlings. Phenolic compounds,viz., trans-cinnamic acid, chlorogenic acid, ferulic acid, salicylic acid, tannic acid and quercetin when applied with ABA, antagonize ABA action and restore normal seedling growth.Gibberellic acid promotes hypocotyl growth and on combined application with ABA, the ratio of their concentrations determines the course of the resultant growth. This interaction can be modulated by phenolic compounds. Phenolic compounds in low concentrations when present together with GA and ABA, favour GA-induced growth by antagonizing the...

Purification and physico-chemical properties of lectins from the jack fruit (Artocarpus iutegrifolia)

T. Vijayakumar, J. A. Forrester

Biologia plantarum 28:370-374, 1986 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02902249

A haemagglutinating material was isolated and purified from the phosphate buffered saline extract of the seeds of the jack fruit using an immobilized N-aeetyl-D-galactosamine column. This material was composed of two iso-lectins of molecular masses 11 500 and 15 000. The lectins agglutinated native washed red blood cells of the human A, B and 0 groups and sheep, rabbit and mouse erythrocytes. The lectins were found to be composed of single polypeptide chains and they contained no covalently linked sugars. The lower molecular mass material was present in considerably greater quantity than the higher molecular mass component. On isoelectric focussing...

Occurrence of agglutinating activity in flours from seeds of non-agglutinating cultivars ofPhaseolus vulgaris L. during storage

Jiřina Švachulová, Eva Klozová, Věra Turková

Biologia plantarum 28:375, 1986 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02902250

Flours prepared from seeds of two non-agglutinating and one agglutinating cultivar ofPhaseolus vulgaris ssp.vulgaris (tested against human A, B, O, and rabbit erythrocytes) were stored in a refrigerator for eight months. Extracts from aliquot portions of these flours were prepared in one-month intervals, their agglutinating activity was tested against rabbit erythrocytes, and their immunoelectrophoretic patterns and protein contents were determined. Agglutinating activity occurred during storage in ageing flours of originally non-agglutinating cultivars and a typical lectin zone which was absent in extracts of freshly prepared flours...

Statistical evaluation of tryptophan aminotransferase keto acid specifity in dependence on the enzyme compartmentation

Sultana Dimova, D. Terziivanov, M. Kutáček

Biologia plantarum 28:381-385, 1986 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02902251

The analysis of the kinetic behaviour of pea L-tryptophan aminotransferase isolated from mitochondrial and cytosolic fraction unambiguously showed the preference of some of its keto acid substrates demonstrated by statistical criteria (R2, SSQ, AIC). An attempt is made to evaluate this result in connection with the availability of the keto acid substrates in different cell compartments.

Brief Communications

Gallic and tannic acids inhibit the mutagenicity of a direct acting mutagen N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine, but not of a Promutagen Dimethylnitrosamine inArabidopsis thaliana

T. Gichner, F. Pospíšil, Věra Volkeová, J. Volke, J. Velemínský

Biologia plantarum 28:386-390, 1986 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02902252

Gallic and tannic acids reduced the frequency of mutations induced by a direct acting mutagen N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG) but had no effect on the mutagenicity of a promutagen dimethylnitrosamine inArabidopsis thaliana. Polarographic studies demonstrated a chemical interaction between MNNG and both phenolic acids.

Acid phosphatase activity in maize leaves as related to their evolution and phosphorus deficiency

Marie Kummerová

Biologia plantarum 28:391-395, 1986 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02902254

The effect of phosphorus deficiency on the activity of acid phosphatase of the first, second and third leaves of maize plants was followed. The supernatant obtained by centrifuging the homogenate of plant tissue at 1500 ×g was further centrifuged at 18 000 ×g, the sediment marked as fraction II and the supernatant as fraction III. Acid phosphatase activity of fraction II of the first to third leaves was for the whole period of culture higher in plants grown in the nutrient solution without phosphate. In fraction III this relation was established in the first leaf, after 3 days of culture in the second leaf and after 5 days in the third...

Stimulation of gibberellin activity in winter wheat by metribuzin

Daniela Zemlová

Biologia plantarum 28:396-398, 1986 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02902256

Sublethal doses of metribuzin applied to wheat plants at the stage of ear emergence increased endogenous gibberellin levels in the ears. The activation of hormonal systems in connection with "chemical stress" is briefly discussed.

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