Book review

J. Zima

Biologia plantarum 30:52, 1988 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02876424

Book review

Zuzana Josefusová

Biologia plantarum 30:57, 1988 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02876426

Book review

I. Šetlík, T. Gichner, Z. Šesták, Ingrid Tichá, V. Škrdleta, V. Ložek

Biologia plantarum 30:74-80, 1988 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02876429

Whole plants regeneration from crown galls ofLycopersicon esculentum

J. Nečásek, Jana Dusbábková, Eva Pekárková-Troníčková

Biologia plantarum 30:1-8, 1988 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02876415

Lycopersicon esculentum cv. Linia XXIV (L) and cv. Ostravské (O) was infected withAgrobacterium tumefaciens T37 (pTiT37). 37 L tumors and 33 O tumors were isolated. 13.5 % L tumors and 3.0 % O tumors regenerated shoots producing nopaline synthase. The shoots formed roots after transfer on R3B medium without phytohormones. From 10 primary shoots 35 plants cultivated in an unsterile soil were obtained by cutting. 6 selfpollinated plants did not produce any fruits. Fruits obtained through backcrossing had dramatically reduced seed numbers. The same is true of some other transformed plants with nearly normal pollen. Most transformed plants...

Gibberellin-like activity in cotyledons and embryonic axes during pea seed germination

Elżbieta Romanowska, E. Parys, J. Poskuta

Biologia plantarum 30:9-13, 1988 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02876416

Endogenous gibberellin-like activity was determined in dry pea seeds (Pisum sativum cv. Bördi), in cotyledons and axes of germinating pea seeds and also in excised cotyledons and axes. During the first two days of pea seed germination, neither the embryonic axes nor the cotyledons show a mutual influence on gibberellin activity, but this appears after 72-96 h of germination. The gibberellin-like activity m cotyledons and axes of germinating seeds increased during the same period, but it decreased in isolated axes and excised cotyledons.

Antimutagenic effects of diethyldithiocarbamate towards maleic hydrazide- and N-nitrosodiethylamine-induced mutagenicity in theTradescantia mutagenicity assay

T. Gichner, J. Velemínský, R. Rieger

Biologia plantarum 30:14, 1988 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02876417

InTradescantia, clone 4430, diethyldithiocarbamate (DEDTC) markedly decreased the frequency of somatic mutations induced by maleic hydrazide (MH) and N-nitrosodiethylamine (NDEA). In contrast, DEDTC had no such effect on N-methyl-N-nitrosourea-induced mutagenesis. The putative degradation and conversion products of MH (maleic acid diamide, succinic acid, maleic acid, lactic acid and hydrazine) exhibited no mutagenic activity in theTradescantia mutagenicity assay.

Effect of season of collection of explants on micropropagation ofChrysanthemum morifolium

R. N. Prasad, H. C. Chaturvedi

Biologia plantarum 30:20-24, 1988 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02876418

The season of collection of shoot tips from field-grown plants ofChrysanthemum morifolium cv. Birbal Salmi was found to be crucial for their proliferation and establishment of plants in vitro. Shoot tips collected only during the period of March to April proliferated and survived. Shoot apices and segments of leaf, stem (nodal und internodal) and root, excised from aseptically established plants, were cultured on Murashige and Skoog's medium supplemented with different concentrations and combinations of Kn, BAP, IAA and NAA. A maximum number of 9 off-shoots differentiated, without intervening callus formation, from a shoot tip in a treatment...

Production of androgenic plants through Pollen embryogenesis in anther cultures ofBrassica carinata A. Braun

Renu Arora, Sant S. Bhojwani

Biologia plantarum 30:25-29, 1988 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02876419

Pollen embryogenesis occurred in anther cultures of two genotypes ofBrassica carinata A. Braun. Pretreatment of anthers at 35°C for 3 or 6 days was essential for the induction of androgenesis on growth regulator-free culture medium. A combination of sucrose and glucose was better than sucrose alone. None of the pollen embryos germinated normally. Full plants were raised through adventitious bud differentiation from their hypocotyl.

Glycollate metabolism of wheat and rice leaves during senescence and under the influence of growth regulators

Sasadhar Jana

Biologia plantarum 30:30-33, 1988 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02876420

The glycollate metabolism of wheat (Triticum vulgare Vill. cv. Sonalika) and rice (Oryza sativa L. ev. Jaya) leaves was studied during senescence by estimating the endogenous levels of glycollate and hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) and the activities of glycollate oxidase and catalase. In comparison with light incubation the incubation of excised leaves in the dark caused a decline in the glycollate content and in the activities of glycollate oxidase and catalase, and an increase in the H₂O₂ content, more marked in the leaves of rice than in the leaves of wheat. Glycollate oxidase activity gradually...

Day-night cycles of net CO₂ exchange in crassulacean acid metabolism as related to day-night changes of abscisic-acid levels

W. Huiber, U. Lüttge

Biologia plantarum 30:34, 1988 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02876421

Eight to nine months old seedlings of the Cactaceae Gereus validus HAWORTH grown in soil culture were chosen to study day-night cycles of net CO₂ exchange, indicating the stomatal rhythm of crassulacean acid metabolism, CAM, in relation to day-night changes of abscisic-acid levels. Drought stress was imposed by repotting the seedlings in dry sand and keeping them without watering for up to 37-39 days while control plants were watered regularly. Abscisicacid levels were higher in the stressed plants than in the controls and higher in the light period aa compared to the dark period. In the stressed plants abscisic-acid levels increased throughout...

Grain filling in relation to monocarpic senescence of wheat in varying source-sink ratios

A. K. Biswas, S. K. Mandal

Biologia plantarum 30:42-47, 1988 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02876422

Flag leaf removal at any stage of grain growth hastened senescence (reduction in chlorophyll content) of the sterile glumes whereas a removal of the latter did not alter senescence of the former. Kernel mass, grain mass per ear, harvest index and sink activity reduced more conspicuously by the removal of glumes than by the flag leaf removal. Removal of grains hastened senescence of the glumes only, although protein content increased at a later grain removal in the majority of source organs. Moisture contents of the developing grains were mostly reduced by the removal of either the flag leaf or the glumes, though flag leaf removal at anthesis affected...

The action of the testa upon the germination of seeds ofCucumis anguria L.

V. J. M. Cardoso, G. M. Felippe

Biologia plantarum 30:48-52, 1988 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02876423

In negatively photoblastic seeds of Cucumis anguria L. the scarification of micropyle overcame the inhibitory effect of "white light ", although far-red radiation inhibited the germination in both intact and scarified seeds. The moistened testa powder transmitted more far-red than red radiation. Thus the testa could act as a filter of radiation and maintain a high far-red/red ratio at the photosensitive site of the embryo, which must be localized near the micropyle.

Salinity tolerance of mung bean (Vigna radiata L.): Seed production

M. Salim, M. G. Pitman

Biologia plantarum 30:53, 1988 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02876425

Plant growth and seed yield of mung bean were studied in sand culture at different levels of NaCl [0, 50, 100, 150, 200, 250 mM] in the root medium. Results showed that both dry matter yield and seed yield of plants grown for 14 weeks at 50 mM NaCl and 100 mM NaCl were around 60 % and 25 %, respectively of those for plants grown in control solution. Higher concentrations caused wilting and necrosis of leaves. Very effective exclusion of Na and Cl from salt grown mung bean seed was observed with concommitant high accumulation of Na and Cl in the stem. It is speculated that mung bean plant stem may act as a 'sink' for NaCl during the reproductive stage...

Change of birefringence in cell wall of trichoblasts ofGibasis andTradescantia

Y. Yamazaki

Biologia plantarum 30:58, 1988 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02876427

Trichoblasts ofGibasis geniculata andTradescantia, fluminensis were observedin vivo under the polarizing microscope with the first-order red plate of a retardation of 530 mµ. It was revealed that the cell wall's birefringence in plane view was negative with respect to the apicobasal axis of the cell in young cells before elongation, turning positive after elongation. Birefringence has never been observed when the cellular polarity was disturbed by colchicine. Therefore, it seems that the cellular polarity of root hair formation is controlled by anisotropic structures of the cell wall.

The bacterial wilt, uptake of phosphate, and phosphate ester levels in the resistant and susceptible alfalfa plants

I. Hanker, Anna Kůdelová

Biologia plantarum 30:63-73, 1988 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02876428

7 days or 7 weeks old alfalfa plants (Medicago sativa L.), susceptible (S) and resistant (R) to bacterial wilt, were inoculated withCorynebacterium michiganense pv.insidiosum and on day 8 and 15 after inoculation the levels of acid-soluble phosphate esters (P-esters) were determinated by means of³²P labelling in the shoots or roots. The most significant changes were recorded in the roots of the older R plants grown in full Knop nutrient solutions on day 8 after inoculation. The marked reduction of inorganic phosphate (P₁) uptake by whole R plants is accompanied by a decrease in the levels of fructose-l, 6-bisphosphate...