An investigation of the protein characters of fourPhaseolus species with special reference to the question of their phylogenesis

Josef Kloz

Biologia plantarum 4:85-90, 1962 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02932926

The results are discussed of a quantitative and qualitative analysis of the protein characters of seed-enclosed cotyledons and of hypocotyls + roots (of the primary root) of germinated seeds of the following species:Phaseolus vulgaris L.,Phaseolus coccineus L.,Phaseolus lunatus L.,Phaseolus aureus Roxb.1. A practically identical phaseolin was found in the cotyledonsof Phaseolus vulgaris L. andPhaseolus coccineus L., being absent inPhaseolus lunatus L. andPhaseolus aureus ROXB.2. A protein component described as Phaseolus protein III was found in the hypocotyl + root ofPhaseolus vulgaris...

Measurement of photosynthesis by the dry weight increment of samples composed of leaf segments

M. Rychnovská, J. Bartoš

Biologia plantarum 4:91, 1962 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02932927

A method is described for the application of the dry weight increment technique of photosynthesis measurement to plants with narrow leaf-blades (e.g. Festuca, Stipa etc.). A sample of leaf tissue is represented by the area of a frame filled with leaf segments placed side by side. The leaf segments 26 mm. in length are cut out from the leaves with a special punch; their number in the sample must be determined empirically for each plant species. In connection with this problem the authors describe the relationship between the intensity of photosynthesis and the number of segments in a sample.The accuracy of the indirect determination of dry weight...

Effect of potassium humate on photosynthesis

Jak Stoklasa

Biologia plantarum 4:98-100, 1962 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02932928

Alternation of respiratory pathways during the development of wheat leaf

Jiří Luštinec, Věra Pokorná

Biologia plantarum 4:101, 1962 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02932929

During the development of the wheat leaf a decrease is observed in the degree of inhibition of respiration by fluoride, iodoacetate and malonate and in the ratio of the radioactivities of¹⁴CO₂ liberated from glucose-6-¹⁴C and glucose-l-¹⁴C (C₆/C₁), this pointing to an increase in the role of the pentose cycle in total respiration. This change is not due to an absolute increase in the activity of the pentose cycle in older leaves but mostly to a decrease in the activity of the glycolytic system. On the other hand, in leaves separated from the seed the ratio between the respiratory pathways...

On the specific difference in the local necrotic response to infection by tobacco mosaic and cabbage black ringspot viruses in tobaccos

Zdenko PolÁk, Jaroslav BrčÁk

Biologia plantarum 4:110-111, 1962 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02932930

Effect of sodium humate on swelling and Germination of winter wheat

Miroslava Šmídová

Biologia plantarum 4:112-118, 1962 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02932931

Experiments on the effect of sodium humate on the swelling and germination of the winter wheat Pyšelka (Triticum vulgare Vill.) and on the changes in respiration intensity of swelling seeds during the first 24 hours of swelling, are described.It was found that sodium humate at a concentration of 100 mg./l. accelerates the uptake of water by swelling seeds during the initial phase of swelling. The fact that the seeds take up a sufficient amount of water sooner makes it possible for the activation of enzyme systems which ensure normal germination to take place, thereby bringing about an increase in respiration intensity. The energy released...

Increased sensitivity of the respiratory system of plants grown in gibberellic acid toward fluoride

Jiří Luštinec, Věra Pokorná, Jiří Růžička

Biologia plantarum 4:119, 1962 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02932932

1. It was found in agreement with the results of Fang and co-workers (1960) that gibberellic acid in concentrations between 2 and 80 mg./l. does not affect the ratio of radioactivities of¹⁴CO₂ liberated from glucose-6-¹⁴C and -1-¹⁴G (C₆/C₁) when acting for several hours on sliced wheat leaves, and that at a concentration of 10 mg./l. it does not alter the degree of inhibition of respiration due to fluoride, iodoacetate and malonate or the consumption of oxygen. A linear relationship was established between the decrease in¹⁴CO₂ liberation from glucose-¹⁴C...

Activation of glycolysis and inhibition of glucose transport into leaves by fluoride

Jiří Luštinec, Věra Pokorná, Jiří Růžička

Biologia plantarum 4:126, 1962 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02932933

During stimulation of wheat leaf respiration by fluoride at 100 to 200 p. p. m. fluorine in dry tissue the ratio of radioactivities of¹⁴CO₂ released from glucose-6-¹⁴C and that released from glucose-l-¹⁴C (C₆/C₁) increases due especially to an increased output of 6-¹⁴CO₂ which suggests an activation of glycolysis. The absolute values of radioactivity of¹⁴CO₂, however, are decreased by the action of fluoride due to its inhibition of the transport of glucose into leaves.

Intensity of photosynthesis and chlorophyll content as related to leaf age inNicotiana Sanderae hort

Zdeněk Šesták, Jiří Čatský

Biologia plantarum 4:131, 1962 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02932934

1. Differences in the net photosynthesis rate (PR) and in chlorophyll (a+b) content in leaves of different age in the leaf rosette of Nicotiana sanderae hort. were studied. The PR was estimated by two different methods, viz. the dry-weight and the gazometric method.2. Highest PR and highest chlorophyll content (referred to leaf area) were found in the young but well developed leaves, i.e. the third and fourth counting from the top (a leaf of 20 cm.² area served as first leaf). These leaves are designated here as "photosynthetically mature".3. The decrease in PR during leaf ageing was more rapid than that of the chlorophyll content....

The effect of physical conditions of cultivation on the respiratory metabolism of algae

JiŘina DvoŘÁkovÁ-HladkÁ

Biologia plantarum 4:141-146, 1962 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02932935

An investigation was made as to whether the cultivation conditions of algae affect their respiratory metabolism. Chlorella pyrenoidosa (82), Scenedesmus obliquus (125) and Euglena gracilis (259) were cultivated both in a static and shaken culture.It was found that shaking considerably affects the respiratory metabolism of algae. The shaken cultures, in contrast to the static ones, display a higher O₂ consumption and have mostly a different RQ. It is possible that the differences observed are due to accelerated development and ageing of the shaken cultures.It thus appears that shaking is an important factor in cultivation which must...

The effect of aeration of algal cultures under illumination and in the dark on their respiratory metabolism

JiŘina DvoŘÁkovÁ-HladkÁ

Biologia plantarum 4:147, 1962 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02932936

It was the objective of the present communication to establish the effect of short-term aeration with air alone or air enriched with 5% carbon dioxide on growth and oxidative metabolism of Chlorella pyrenoidosa. An organic medium was used to permit the investigation of the effect of aeration (one hour a day) both under illumination and in continual darkness.Short-term aeration with air either alone or enriched with carbon dioxide increases dry-weight production both in the light and darkness. We are thus not dealing here with a mere effect on photosynthesis. This treatment affects the oxidative metabolism of the alga: oxygen uptake was always higher...

The effect of carbon dioxide on the chondriom of some species of higher plants

Marie Naděžda Končalová

Biologia plantarum 4:154-159, 1962 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02932937

The effect of C0₂ on the chondriome morphology in the meristematic tissue of pea, wheat and barley was observed. Results, evaluated on permanent preparations, are as follows:1. When C0₂ was increased to the concentration which can occur in the soil atmosphere, it had no effect on the chondriome morphology of the root tips in pea and wheat.2. The chondriome of different plants does not react in the same way to a sojourn in a C0₂ atmosphere: pea is very resistant even to 100 minutes influence of C0₂, the chondriome of wheat does not change its shape but its staining ability was lowered; barley reacted...