Time course of the changes in the level of endogenous growth regulators during the stratification of the seeds of the 'Panenské české' apple

F. Kopecký, J. Sebánek, Jarmila Blažková

Biologia plantarum 17:81-87, 1975 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02920965

The time course of the changes in the level of endogenous growth regulators was followed during the stratification at 5 °C of the seeds of 'Panenské české' apples. An increase in the endogenous gibberellin activity was found already during the first and the second week of stratification which is according to it decisive for the release of dormancy in the seeds, as it precedes with the anticipation of approximately two weeks the curve of the release of dormancy in the seeds. The rise in the level of endogenous cytokinins in the seeds is belated one to two weeks behind the rise in gibberellin activity in them and thus approximately coincides with the...

Characteristics and inheritance of chlorophyll mutations inPhaseolus mungo

S. Appa Rao, Manas K. Jana

Biologia plantarum 17:88-94, 1975 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02920966

Viable mutations affecting chlorophyll production in black gram (Phaseolus mungo L.) were recovered following treatments with X-rays and ethyl methanesulphonate singly or in combination. Of these theviridis mutant was characterized by viridine green colour of all the leaves and reduced plant size. inchlorotica the emerging leaves were initially yellowish green which gradually changed to dark green at flowering. The terminal 2-3 leaves always remained yellowish green inchlorina-terminalis whereas inchlorina-virescence the emerging leaves were yellowish green that changed to dark green at flowering. Inalbo-virescence...

Action of the 2,4 dichlorophenoxyacetic acid on the translocation of⁴²K deposited on leaves of lettuce and maize plants

André Chamel

Biologia plantarum 17:95-102, 1975 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02920967

The 2,4 dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) applied in solution (10μg per plant) on a leaf of lettuce plants (Lactuca sativa, cv. Grosse Blonde Paresseuse) decrease the translocation of⁴²K from the treated leaf, both in pretreatment and in simultaneous action if the interval of time is sufficiently long between the foliar applications. The metabolic action of 2,4-D seems to be located in the treated leaf. The results may be explained by a stimulation of the metabolic activity and consequently of the retention, already observed by several authors, with 2,4-D and other phytohormones. The 2,4-D had not a comparable effect on translocation...

Elimination of mycoplasma in tobacco callus tissues (Nicotiana glaucaGrah.) culturedin vitro in the presence of 2,4-D in nutrient medium

Marie Ulrychová, Eva Petrů

Biologia plantarum 17:103-108, 1975 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02920968

Callus tissue cultures were established from stems of tobacco plants (N. glaucaGrah.) both healthy and mycoplasma (potato witches' broom disease) infected on a modified nutrient medium (with a lower content of mineral salts) according toMurashige andSkoog (1962) in the presence of 2,4-D (1 mg l^-1) as a growth regulator. No differences were observed in the growth and development of both tissues. Organogenesis appeared on a nutrient medium (Petrůet al. 1972) supplemented with kinetin (0.64 mg or 2.56 mg l^-1) and IAA (2 or 4 mg l^-1). Callus derived from mycoplasma diseased plants started to form numerous...

Activity of three oxidases and total dehydrogenases during the recovery from methyl methanesulphonate-induced mutagenic damage in barley

Jiřina Švachulová, J. Velemínský, T. Gichner

Biologia plantarum 17:109-112, 1975 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02920969

Methyl methanesulphonate (MMS), applied on barley seeds, inhibits the seed respiration and thein vitro activity of cytochrome-oxidase and catalase, whereas doubles the activity of total dehydrogenases and has no influence on the activity of peroxidase.Storage of MMS-treated seeds for 10 days at 30% seed water content, thus under conditions favouring the recovery from the MMS-induced toxic and genetic effects, resulted in an enhancement of the cytochrome oxidase and catalase activity, which reached or exceeded the activity of the control. The activity of peroxidase, although increasing during storage, did not attain the value of the control...

Changes in oxidative metabolism of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) infected with potato leafroll virus

Olga Makovcová, J. Limberk, L. Sindelář, Jitka Helmová

Biologia plantarum 17:113-119, 1975 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02920970

Metabolic changes in tomato plants infected with potato leafroll virus were followed. The virus was transferred by grafts taken from diseased tomato plants. Sharp changes in the respiration rate and in the activities of the investigated enzymes observed before the concrescence of the graft with the stock are obviously connected with the defence reactions of the plant. In the roots of the experimental plants a nearly complete correspondence of the course ofo-diphenol oxidase and ascorbic acid oxidase activities with the respiration rate occurs. In the shoots the respiratory chain with ascorbic acid oxidase as terminal oxidase is involved, whereas...

Manifestations of non-specific antiviral factor originating in tobacco leaves during virus infection

Zdeňka Procházková

Biologia plantarum 17:120-129, 1975 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02920972

A non-specific effect of antiviral factor (AVF) was proved by interference of five different viruses (CMV, PVX, PVY, TMVe, TMV vulgare) with CBRV.The non-specific AVF originates in non-infected tissues around TMV lesions. Transmitted mechanically to other plants this AVF exhibits the same suppressive effect on multiplication of TMV and CBRV.The AVF is formed in the non-infected apical part of the leaf which was infected in its basal region. The susceptibility of leaves is decreased even when AVF is added to virus inoculum and applied mechanically on the leaf. The apical part of the leaf the base of which is met with necrotic reaction to TMV,...

Physiological and mutagenic effects of N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine in populations of chlorococcal algae

J. Nečas

Biologia plantarum 17:130-138, 1975 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02920974

The suitability was evaluated of MNNG as a mutagen inducing increased frequencies of mutations in the cell populations of three strains of chlorococcal algae for the purposes of selection. MNNG has proved to be highly toxic to those algae as it produces severe physiological responses of the affected cells. The mutagenic effect of MNNG was relatively small in comparison with the recorded toxic effect. From these results it has been concluded that in reverse to NEU, MNNG can hardly be applied with such good an effect in the mutation breeding of chlorococcal algae that are suitable for mass cultivation.

Book reviews

J. Velemínský, J. Krekule, J. Ullmann, Ingrid Tichá

Biologia plantarum 17:159-160, 1975 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02920982

The effect of pre-cultivation of tobacco tissue culture on enzymatic separation of protoplasts from various cell types

Z. Opatrný, Běla Landová, Jana Opatrná

Biologia plantarum 17:139-141, 1975 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02920975

A method of enzymatic separation of protoplasts from long-term tissue culture ofNicotiana tabacum L. is described. The efficiency of this method is dependent on conditions of separation and on the portion of meristematic cells in the tissue culture. This portion can be increased by pre-cultivations of the tissue on medium containing suitable concentration of hormones. The knowledge of the micromorphology of the filamentous culture enables us to investigate the course of release of protoplasts from various cell types. A preferential lysis of cell walls was observed between neighbouring cells in filaments and the fusion of their protoplasts was...

Stimulatory effect of cycloheximide on the infection of hyacinth and tulip bulbs byPenicillium sp.

M. Saniewski, H. Urbanek

Biologia plantarum 17:142-146, 1975 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02920976

Treating scooped out bulbs of hyacinths (Hyacinthus orientalis L. cv. 'Lady Derby', cv. 'Pink Pearl', cv. 'Delft Blue') and tulips (Tulipa gesneriana hort. cv. 'Oxford') with cycloheximide stimulated strongly the infection of the tissues of the bulbs byPenicillium sp. The possible mechanism of such an activity of cycloheximide is discussed.

Estimation of substances with the cytokinin activity in studies on the correlation between the cotyledon and its axillary bud in pea (Pisum sativum L.)

J. Hradilík

Biologia plantarum 17:147-149, 1975 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02920977

The content of substances showing the cytokinin activity was estimated on decapitated and one-cotyledon-deprived pea plants during that period when the promoting effect of the cotyledon excision had not yet been manifested. Results of the bioassay showed that after the excision an increase in the level of substances with cytokinin activity occurred only in cotylars growing in axillas of these excised cotyledons. These results coincide with earlier data about the content of gibberellins and auxins in the same object.

Gibberellin-cytokinin interaction in the correlation between the cotyledon and its axillary bud in pea (Pisum sativum L.)

J. Šebánek, Libuše Obhlídalová

Biologia plantarum 17:150-153, 1975 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02920978

If one cotyledon is removed from decapitated pea seedlings and the remaining one is treated with the cytokinin BA, then a complete correlation reversal occurs in numerous cases: instead of the bud belonging to the removed cotyledon, the bud belonging to the remaining cotyledon starts to grow. However, if GA is applied to the remaining cotyledon together with BA, then the number of these correlation reversals sharply drops. This in respect to cytokinin morphogenetically (correlatively) contradictory effect could play a significant role in apical dominance in plants.

Pollination and nucellus inAbelmoschus esculentus

Sudhir Chandra, S. P. Bhatnagar

Biologia plantarum 17:154-155, 1975 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02920980

Pollination induced dissolution of nucellar cells at the micropylar end forming a passage for pollen tube entry even when the pollen tubes are in the stylar region.

Susceptibility ofArabidopsis thaliana (L.)Heynh. to infection with some plant viruses

Věra Sosnová, Z. Polák

Biologia plantarum 17:156-158, 1975 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02920981

Arabidopsis thaliana was susceptible to eight out of ten investigated viruses with six of which it did not show any symptoms of local infection; this appeared only in two cases.A. thaliana was a symptomless carrier for three viruses. The considerably distinct systemic symptoms after the infection with turnip yellow mosaic, tomato black ring, cucumber mosaic and cabbage black ring viruses make possible a very reliable and specific distinction of the causal agens.A. thaliana could be used for these viruses as a differential host.

Giese, A. C. (ed.): Photophysiology. Current topics in photobiology and photochemistry. Vol. VIII

Ingrid Tichá

Biologia plantarum 17:119, 1975 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02920971

Hayat, M. A.: Principles and techniques of electron microscopy. Biological applications. Vol. I

Ingrid Tichá

Biologia plantarum 17:129, 1975 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02920973

Nobel, P. S.: An introduction to biophysical plant physiology

J. Čatský

Biologia plantarum 17:153, 1975 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02920979