Gibberellin-induced changes in glycolysis and in lipid metabolism of wheat leaves

Jiří Luštinec, Věra Pokorná

Biologia plantarum 5:181, 1963 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02930644

Chromatographic analysis of wheat leaves grown for 4 to 10 days in a solution of gibberellic acid (10-20 p.p.m.) revealed a higher level of fructose-1,6-diphosphate as compared with that of 3-phosphoglyceric acid and phosphoenolpyruvic acid, and of 3-phosphoglyceric acid as compared with that of a hitherto unidentified phosphate. These changes were found under different light regimes which preceded extraction of phosphates from leaves. On the basis of these data and in view of earlier results (Luštinec, Pokorná, Růžička 1962) it is assumed that glycolysis interacts with reactions utilizing its intermediate products for the synthesis of lipids, this...

Changes in sap exudation of maize and occurrence of lags in exudation during the growing season

Jiří Úlehla

Biologia plantarum 5:190, 1963 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02930645

1. A method of "measuring strips" for the investigation of the sap exudation of crops under field conditions is described. The quantity of liquid exuded from the detopped stem stump is determined from the length of a wetted zone of a narrow strip of filter paper protected against evaporation of the liquid by a polyethylene cover bag. The strips with the cover bags can be used even to collect greater amounts of exudated liquid.2. Using this method, the sap exudation of detopped maize plants was observed during the whole growing season. On typical curves illustrating the course of the wetting of the measuring strips, the temporary absorption of the...

Chromosome numbers in some pear cultivars

Karel Hrubý, Zdenka Štanclová

Biologia plantarum 5:198, 1963 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02930646

Transpiration rates of leaf blades of irrigated and not irrigated plants of spring wheat

Miroslav Penka

Biologia plantarum 5:200-210, 1963 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02930647

Transpiration rates of leaf blades of irrigated and not irrigated spring wheat plants were studied in relation to the water content and growth changes in the test plants during their development. The applied irrigation stimulated the growth and slightly delayed the development of the test plants. It increased chiefly the water content and to a lesser degree the dry solid weight in the plant body. The quantitative and qualitative properties of the water content in the plant affected not only transpiration rates, but also the development of new and the dying off of old organs and tissues, especially of leaf blades. Transpiration rates in irrigated plants...

The effect of sterile conditions on the survival of maize kernels in cold soil

Ivo Cetl

Biologia plantarum 5:211-215, 1963 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02930648

The test for cold survival in two lines of maize on alternately changing the sterility of grains and soil revealed that for the given type of seeds the death in cold soil is mostly due to epiphytic pathogenic microflora, followed in importance by soil pathogenic microflora and finally by the direct influence of cold.

The effect of β-D-fructofuranose in the molecules of sucrose and raffinose in relation to their specific action on growth and respiration of apple-tree pollen tubes

Eva Hrabětová, Jaroslav Tupý

Biologia plantarum 5:216, 1963 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02930649

Of twenty common oligosaccharides, monosaccharides and sugar alcohols tested, raffinose was found to be the best substrate for growth and respiration of apple pollen tubes. While in a solution of sucrose growth is retarded after about six hours, accompanied by a decrease in respiration intensity, no such decrease was observed in pollen tubes cultivated in a solution of raffinose even after 10 to 20 hrs. of growth. Raffinose is inverted by pollen tubes much more slowly than sucrose which is taken as the cause of the long-term effect of raffinose. Pollen did not germinate at all in a solution of turanose.It thus appears to be probable that the primary...

The formation of the upper leaves of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) as indicator of the course of development

Frideta Seidlová

Biologia plantarum 5:221, 1963 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02930650

The effect of photoperiodic inhibition on the course of development was demonstrated by changes in the length of the sheath and the lamina, the lamina being more affected than the sheath. In a number of variants with different initiation of photoperiodic inhibition, an elongation or shortening of the sheath and the lamina of the three top leaves was observed compared with corresponding control leaves. The shortening occurred in leaves which developed beyond the normal number of the original bracts. This was the case with variants with very early inhibitions. Variants with later inhibition had on the one hand abnormally reduced leaves with imperfectly...

Studies on the relationship between the formation of chlorophylls and Fe-porphyrins in higher plants

B. A. Rubin, I. A. Chernavina, V. F. Gavrilenko

Biologia plantarum 5:228, 1963 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02930651

In studying the character of the relationship between the porphyrin metabolites containing iron and magnesium the catalytic activity of Fe-porphyrins and the possibility of their participation in chlorophyll formation in leaves and roots of plants was considered.The results obtained elucidate the changes in the pigment content of leaves in the course of iron utilization by the plant (i.e. of the activity of iron-containing enzymes, synthesis of protohematin). The main trend of changes was observed in the following cases: (1) during utilization of various compounds affecting the individual components of the oxidation-reduction systems and the pigment...